化工管道设计技术词汇(中英对照完整版)

1、化工管道设计技术词汇（中英对照完整版）目录 TOC o 1-3 h z u HYPERLINK l _Toc203202760 1 管道组成件 Piping component PAGEREF _Toc203202760 h 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202761 1.1 管子 Pipe PAGEREF _Toc203202761 h 1 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202762 1.2 管件 Fitting PAGEREF _Toc203202762 h 2 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202763 1.3 弯管 Bend PAGEREF _Toc2032

2、02763 h 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202764 1.4 法兰 Flange (FLG） PAGEREF _Toc203202764 h 3 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202765 1.5 垫片 Gasket (GSKT) PAGEREF _Toc203202765 h 4 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202766 1.6 阀门 Valve PAGEREF _Toc203202766 h 5 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202767 1.6.1 阀门结构、零件 PAGEREF _Toc203202767 h 5 HYPERLINK l _T

3、oc203202768 1.6.2 常用阀 PAGEREF _Toc203202768 h 7 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202769 1.6.3 其它用途的阀 PAGEREF _Toc203202769 h 9 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202770 1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀 PAGEREF _Toc203202770 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202771 1.7 管道特殊件 Piping Specialty PAGEREF _Toc203202771 h 10 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202772 1.7.1 管道特

4、殊件（组件） PAGEREF _Toc203202772 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202773 1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element PAGEREF _Toc203202773 h 11 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202774 1.8 端部连接 End Connection PAGEREF _Toc203202774 h 12 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202775 2 管道用紧固件及螺纹 PAGEREF _Toc203202775 h 13 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202776 2.1 紧固件 PA

5、GEREF _Toc203202776 h 13 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202777 2.2 螺纹 PAGEREF _Toc203202777 h 14 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202778 3 材料、型钢及填料 PAGEREF _Toc203202778 h 14 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202779 3.1 金属材料 PAGEREF _Toc203202779 h 14 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202780 3.1.1 黑色金属 Ferrous Metal PAGEREF _Toc203202780 h 15 HYPERLINK l

6、 _Toc203202781 3.1.2 镀层及制造方法 PAGEREF _Toc203202781 h 16 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202782 3.1.3 有色金属Non-ferrous Metal PAGEREF _Toc203202782 h 16 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202783 3.1.4 材料性能 PAGEREF _Toc203202783 h 17 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202784 3.2 非金属材料 Non-metallic Material PAGEREF _Toc203202784 h 17 HYPERLINK l _T

7、oc203202785 3.3 型材 PAGEREF _Toc203202785 h 18 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202786 3.4 填料及填料函 PAGEREF _Toc203202786 h 19 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202787 4 管道等级及材料统计 PAGEREF _Toc203202787 h 19 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202788 4.1 管道材料规定 Piping Material Specification PAGEREF _Toc203202788 h 19 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202789 4.2 材

8、料统计 Material Take-off (MTO) PAGEREF _Toc203202789 h 20 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202790 5 设备布置及管道布置 PAGEREF _Toc203202790 h 20 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202791 5.1 设备名称 Equipment Name PAGEREF _Toc203202791 h 21 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202792 5.1.1 容器 Vessel PAGEREF _Toc203202792 h 21 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202793 5.1.2 工业

9、炉及锅炉 PAGEREF _Toc203202793 h 23 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202794 5.2 辅助用房名称 PAGEREF _Toc203202794 h 23 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202795 5.2.1 生产用房 PAGEREF _Toc203202795 h 23 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202796 5.2.2 生活用房 PAGEREF _Toc203202796 h 24 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202797 5.3 图名 PAGEREF _Toc203202797 h 24 HYPERLINK l _Toc

10、203202798 5.4 厂房、站、单元 PAGEREF _Toc203202798 h 24 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202799 5.5 设备布置 PAGEREF _Toc203202799 h 25 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202800 5.6 管道布置 PAGEREF _Toc203202800 h 26 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202801 5.7 图面标注 PAGEREF _Toc203202801 h 27 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202802 5.8 相关专业的专业词汇 PAGEREF _Toc203202802 h 2

11、8 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202803 5.8.1 工艺 PAGEREF _Toc203202803 h 28 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202804 5.8.2 建筑、结构 PAGEREF _Toc203202804 h 30 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202805 5.8.3 仪表 PAGEREF _Toc203202805 h 31 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202806 5.8.4 电气 PAGEREF _Toc203202806 h 32 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202807 5.8.5 设备 PAGEREF _Toc

12、203202807 h 33 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202808 5.8.6 水道 PAGEREF _Toc203202808 h 33 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202809 6 管道支吊架 Pipe Supports and Hangers PAGEREF _Toc203202809 h 35 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202810 6.1 管架零部件 Attachment of Support PAGEREF _Toc203202810 h 35 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202811 6.2 管支架型式 Type of Pipe Su

13、pport PAGEREF _Toc203202811 h 36 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202812 6.3 标准及通用型支架 PAGEREF _Toc203202812 h 37 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202813 6.4 管架安装 PAGEREF _Toc203202813 h 37 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202814 7 应力计算 PAGEREF _Toc203202814 h 37 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202815 8 隔热、隔声 PAGEREF _Toc203202815 h 40 HYPERLINK l _Toc20

14、3202816 9 防腐、涂漆及腐蚀种类 PAGEREF _Toc203202816 h 41 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202817 10 焊接 Welding PAGEREF _Toc203202817 h 43 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202818 10.1 焊接种类 Varieties of Welding PAGEREF _Toc203202818 h 43 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202819 10.2 焊接形式 Type of Welding PAGEREF _Toc203202819 h 43 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202

15、820 10.3 焊接位置 Welding Position PAGEREF _Toc203202820 h 44 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202821 10.4 焊接缺陷 Defects of Welding PAGEREF _Toc203202821 h 44 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202822 10.5 其它 PAGEREF _Toc203202822 h 45 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202823 11 热处理 Heat Treatment PAGEREF _Toc203202823 h 45 HYPERLINK l _Toc20320282

16、4 11.1 普通热处理 Conventional Heat Treatment PAGEREF _Toc203202824 h 45 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202825 11.2 表面热处理 Surface Heat Treatment PAGEREF _Toc203202825 h 46 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202826 12 检验及试验 PAGEREF _Toc203202826 h 46 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202827 12.1 检验 Inspection PAGEREF _Toc203202827 h 46 HYPERLINK l

17、 _Toc203202828 12.2 试验 Test PAGEREF _Toc203202828 h 46 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202829 13 设计阶段及管理 PAGEREF _Toc203202829 h 47 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202830 14 询价、报价及采购 PAGEREF _Toc203202830 h 49 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202831 14.1 询价、报价 PAGEREF _Toc203202831 h 49 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202832 14.2 采购 Procurement; Purch

18、ase PAGEREF _Toc203202832 h 49 HYPERLINK l _Toc203202833 15 单位 Unit PAGEREF _Toc203202833 h 501 管道组成件 Piping component1.1 管子 Pipe管子(按照配管标准规格制造的) pipe管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube钢管 steel pipe铸铁管 cast iron pipe衬里管 lined pipe复合管 clad pipe碳钢管 carbon steel pipe合金钢管 alloy steel pipe不锈钢 stainless steel pipe奥氏体

19、不锈钢管 austenitic stainless steel pipe铁合金钢管 ferritic 铁素体的 alloy steel pipe轧制钢管 wrought-steel pipe锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe无缝钢管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe焊接钢管 welded steel pipe电阻焊钢管 electric-resistance welded steel pipe电熔（弧）焊钢板卷管 electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe螺旋焊接钢管 spiral welded steel pipe镀

20、锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe热轧无缝钢管 hot-rolling seamless pipe冷拔无缝钢管 cold-drawing seamless pipe水煤气钢管 water-gas steel pipe塑料管 plastic pipe玻璃管 glass tube橡胶管 rubber tube直管 run pipe; straight pipe1.2 管件 Fitting弯头 elbow异径弯头 reducing elbow带支座弯头 base elbow长半径弯头 long radius elbow短半径弯头 short radius elbow长半径180弯头

21、long radius return短半径180弯头 short radius return带侧向口的弯头（右向或左向） side outlet elbow (right hand or left hand)双支管弯头（ 形） double branch elbow三通 tee异径三通 reducing tee等径三通 straight tee带侧向口的三通（右向或左向） side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand)异径三通（分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on outlet)异径三通（一个直通口为异径）reducing te

22、e (reducing on one run)带支座三通 base tee异径三通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing tee (reducing on one run and outlet)异径三通（两个直通口为异径，双头式） reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head)45斜三通 45 lateral tee45斜三通（支管为异径） 45 lateral (reducing on branch)45斜三通(一个直通口为异径) 45 lateral (reducing on one run)45斜三通(一个直通口及支管为异径) 45

23、 lateral (reducing on one run and branch)Y型三通（俗称裤衩） true “Y”四通 cross等径四通 straight cross异径四通 reducing cross异径四通（一个分支口为异径）reducing cross (reducing on one outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet)异径四通（两个分支口为异径） reducing cross (reducing on both outlet)异径四通（一个直通口及两个分支口为异径）

24、 reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)异径管 reducer同心异径管 concentric reducer偏心异径管 eccentric reducer锻制异径管 reducing swage螺纹支管台 threadolet焊接支管台 weldolet承插支管台 sockolet弯头支管台 elbolet斜接支管台 latrolet镶入式支管嘴 sweepolet短管支管台 nipolet支管台，插入式支管台 boss管接头 coupling, full coupling半管接头 half coupling异径管接头 red

25、ucing coupling活接头 union内外螺纹缩接（俗称补芯） bushing管帽 cap (C)堵头 plug大管堵 bull plug短节 nipple异径短节 reducing nipple; swage nipple1.3 弯管 Bend预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend跨越弯管（ 形） cross-over bend偏置弯管（ 形） offset bend90弯管 quarter bend环形弯管 circle bend单侧偏置90弯管（? 形） single offset quarter bendS形弯管 “S” bend单侧偏置U形膨胀弯管（| ?形） s

26、ingle offset “U” bendU形弯管 “U” bend双偏置U膨胀弯管 double offset expansion “U” bend斜接弯管 lateral bend三节斜接弯管 3-piece lateral bend折皱弯管 corrugated bend圆度 roundness1.4 法兰 Flange (FLG）整体管法兰 integral pipe flange钢管法兰 steel pipe flange螺纹法兰 threaded flange滑套法兰（包括平焊法兰） slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange承插焊法兰

27、socket welding flange松套法兰 lap joint flange (LJF) stub end对焊法兰 welding neck flange (WNF)法兰盖 blind flange, blind孔板法兰 orifice flange异径法兰 reducing flange盘座式法兰 pad type flange松套带颈法兰 loose hubbed flange焊接板式法兰 welding plate flange对焊环 welding neck collar （与stub end相似）平焊环 welding-on collar突缘短节 stub end, lap翻

28、边端 lapped pipe end松套板式法兰 loose plate flange压力级 pressure rating, pressure rating class压力温度等级 pressure-temperature rating法兰密封面，法兰面 flange facing突面 raised face (RF)凸面 male face (MF)凹面 female face (FMF)榫面 tongue face槽面 groove face环连接面 ring joint face全平面；满平面 flat face; full face (FF)光滑突面 smooth raised fa

29、ce (SRF)法兰面加工 facing finish粗糙度 roughness光滑的 smooth齿形 serrated均方根 root mean square (RMS)算术平均粗糙高度 arithmetical average roughness height (AARH)配对法兰 companion-flange螺栓圆 bolt circle (B.C.)1.5 垫片 Gasket (GSKT)垫片的型式 type of gasket平垫片 flat gasket环形平垫片 flat ring gasket平金属垫片 flat metal gasket夹棉织物的橡胶 elastomer

30、 with cotton fabric insertion夹石棉织物的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶 elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement无石墨压缩白石棉垫片 non graphite compressed white asbestos gasket天然白橡胶垫片 natural white rubber gasket压缩石棉垫片 compressed asbestos gasket浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片 PTF

31、E impregnated asbestos gasket夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片 spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler内环 inner ring外环，外定位环 outer ring波纹金属垫片 corrugated metal gasket波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片 corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片 corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket双夹套垫片 double jacketed gasket

32、金属包石棉平垫片 flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket整体金属齿形垫片 solid metal serrated gasket槽形金属垫片 grooved metal gasket环形连接金属垫片 ring joint metal gasket八角环形垫片 octagonal ring gasket椭圆环形垫片 oval ring gasket透镜式垫片 lens gasket非金属垫片 non-metallic gasket1.6 阀门 Valve1.6.1 阀门结构、零件阀轭 yoke外螺纹阀杆及阀轭 outside screw and yo

33、ke (OS & Y)阀杆 stem内螺纹 inside screw (IS)阀轭套 yoke sleeve阀杆环 stem ring阀座 valve seat (body seat)阀座环、密封圈 seat ring整体（阀）座 integral seat堆焊（阀）座 deposited seat阀芯（包括密封圈、杆等内件） trim阀盘 disc阀盘密封圈 disc seat阀体 body阀盖 bonnet阀盖衬套 bonnet bush螺纹阀帽 screw cap螺纹阀盖 screw bonnet螺栓连接的阀盖 bolted bonnet (BB)活接阀盖（帽） union bonnet

34、 (cap)螺栓连接的阀帽 bolted cap (BC)焊接阀盖 welded bonnet (WB)本体阀杆密封 body stem seal石棉安全密封 asbestos emenen seal倒密封 back seal压力密封的阀盖 pressure-tight bonnet动力操纵器 powered operator电动操纵器 electric motor operator气动操纵器 pneumatic operator液压操纵器 hydraulic operator快速操纵器 quick-acting operator滑动阀杆 sliding stem正齿轮传动 spur gear

35、 operated伞齿轮传动 bevel gear operated扳手操作 wrench operated链轮 chain wheel手轮 hand wheel手柄 hand lever (handle)气缸（或液压缸）操纵的 cylinder operated链条操纵的 chain operated等径孔道 full bore; full port异径孔道 reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port短型 short pattern紧凑型（小型） compact type笼式环 lantern ring压盖 gland阀杆填料 stem packing阀

36、盖垫片 bonnet gasket升杆式（明杆） rising stem (RS)非升杆式（暗杆） non-rising stem (NRS)指示器/限位器 indicator/stopper注油器 grease injector可更换的阀座环 renewable seat ring1.6.2 常用阀(1）闸阀 gate valve平行双闸板 double disc parallel seat开口楔形闸板 split wedge挠性整体楔形闸扳 flexible solid wedge整体楔形闸板 solid wedge塞型闸阀 plug gate valve直通型闸阀 through con

37、duit gate valve(2) 截止阀 globe valve球心型阀盘 globe type disc塞型阀盘 plug type disc可转动的阀盘 swivel disc(3) 节流闪阀 throttle valve针阀 needle valve(4) 角阀 angle valve(5) Y型阀（Y 型阀体截止阀） Y-valve (Y-body globe valve)(6) 球阀 ball valve三通球阀 3-way ball valve装有底轴的 trunnion mounted耐火型 fire safe type浮动球型 floating ball type防脱出阀杆

38、 blowout proof stemDBB double block and bleed 双截断和排放（双截断和排放阀门，带有两个座合表面（即两个密封副）的阀门，在其关闭位置可通过在两个座合表面之间的阀体腔的排放/排气方法，提供其阀门两端的压力（承压）密封）。注意：当仅一端承压时，该阀门不能提供可靠的双隔离。DIB double-isolation-and-bleed valve 双隔离和排放阀门，带有两个座合表面（即两个密封副）的阀门，其中每一个座合表面在关闭位置可通过在两个座合表面之间的阀体腔的排放/排空方法，提供其单源的压力（承压）密封。注意：本特性可在一个方向或两个方向提供。(7)

39、蝶阀 butterfly valve对夹式（薄片型） wafer type凸耳式 lug type偏心阀板蝶阀 offset disc butterfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve斜阀盘蝶阀 canted disc butterfly valve连杆式蝶阀 link butterfly valve8) 柱塞阀 piston type valve(9) 旋塞阀 plug valve三通旋塞阀 three-way plug valve四通旋塞阀 four-way plug valve旋塞 cock衬套旋塞 sleeve cock(10) 隔膜阀 diaphr

40、agm valve橡胶衬里隔膜阀 rubber lined diaphragm valve直通式隔膜阀 straight way diaphragm valve堰式隔膜阀 weir diaphragm valve(11) 夹紧式胶管阀 pinch valve（用于泥浆、粉尘等）(12) 止回阀 check valve升降式止回阀 lift check valve旋启式止回阀 swing check valve, flap check valve落球式止回阀 ball check valve弹簧球式止回阀 spring ball check valve双板对夹式止回阀 dual plate wa

41、fer type check valve无撞击声止回阀 non-slam cheek valve底阀 foot valve切断式止回阀 stop check valve; non-return valve活塞式止回阀 piston check valve斜翻盘止回阀 tilting disc check valve蝶式止回阀 butterfly check valve1.6.3 其它用途的阀安全泄气阀 safety valve (SV)安全泄压阀 relief valve (RV)安全泄压阀 safety relief valve杠杆重锤式 lever and weight type引导阀操纵

42、的安全泄气阀 pilot operated safety valve复式安全泄气阀 twin type safety valve罐底排污阀 flush-bottom tank valve电磁阀 solenoid valve, solenoid operated valve电动阀 electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve气动阀 pneumatic operated valve低温用阀 cryogenic service valve蒸汽疏水阀 steam trap机械式疏水阎 mechanical trap浮桶式疏水阀 o

43、pen bucket trap, open top bucket trap浮球式疏水阀 float trap倒吊桶式疏水阀 inverted bucket trap自由浮球式疏水阀 loose float trap恒温式疏水阀 thermostatic trap金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 metal expansion steam trap液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 liquid expansion steam trap双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀 bimetallic expansion steam trap压力平衡式恒温疏水阀 balanced pressure thermostatic trap热动力式疏

44、水阀 thermodynamic trap脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀 impulse steam trap放气阀（自动放气阀） air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) （疏水阀用）平板式滑动闸阀 slab type sliding gate valve盖阀 flat valve换向阀 diverting valve, reversing valve热膨胀阀 thermo expansion valve自动关闭阀 self-closing gate valve自动排液阀 self-draining valve管道盲板阀 line-blind valve挤压阀 s

45、queeze valve（用于泥浆及粉尘等）呼吸阀 breather valve风门、挡板 damper减压阀 pressure reducing valve, reducing valve控制阀 control valve膜式控制阀 diaphragm operated control valve执行机构 actuator背压调节阀 back pressure regulating valve差压调节阀 differential pressure regulating valve压力比例调节阀 pressure ratio regulating valve1.6.4 未指明结构（或阀型）的阀

46、切断阀 block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve调节阀 regulating valve快开阀 quick opening valve快闭阀 quick closing valve隔断阀 isolating valve三通阀 three way valve夹套阔 jacketed valve非旋转式阀 non-rotary valve排污阀 blowdown valve集液排放阀 drip valve排液阀 drain valve放空阀 vent valve卸载阀 unloading valve排出阀 discharge valve吸入阀 suction

47、valve多通路阀 multiport valve取样阀 sampling valve手动阀 hand-operated valve; manually operated valve锻造阀 forged valve铸造阀 cast valve（水）龙头 bibb; bib; faucet抽出液阀（小阀） bleed valve旁路阀 by-pass valve软管阀 hose valve混合阀 mixing valve破真空阀 vacuum breaker冲洗阀 flush valve第一道阀；根部阀 primary valve根部阀 root valve总管阀 header valve事故切

48、断阀 emergency valve1.7 管道特殊件 Piping Specialty1.7.1 管道特殊件（组件）粗滤器 strainer过滤器 filter临时粗滤器（锥型） temporary strainer (cone type)y 型粗滤器 y-type strainerT型粗滤器 T-type strainer永久过滤器 permanent filter丝网粗滤器 gauze strainer洗眼器及淋浴器 eye washer and shower视镜 sight glass阻火器 flame arrester喷嘴；喷头 spray nozzle取样冷却器 sample co

49、oler消声器 silencer膨胀节 expansion joint波纹膨胀节 bellow expansion joint单波 single bellow双波 double bellow多波 multiple bellow压力平衡式膨胀节 pressure balanced expansion带铰链膨胀节 hinged expansion joint轴向位移型膨胀节 axial movement type expansion joint自均衡膨胀节（外加强环）self-equalizing expansion joint带接杆膨胀节 tied expansion joint万向型膨胀节 u

50、niversal type expansion joint球形补偿器 ball type expansion joint填函式补偿器 slip type (packed type) expansion joint单向滑动填料函补偿器 single action packed slip joint1.7.2 管道特殊元件Piping Special Element软管接头 hose connection (HC)快速接头 quick coupling金属软管 metal hose橡胶管 rubber hose挠性管 flexible tube鞍形补强板 reinforcing saddles补强

51、板 reinforcement pad特殊法兰 special flange漏斗 funnel排液环 drip ring排液漏斗 drain funnel插板 blank垫环 spacer8字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8 blind限流孔板 restriction orifice爆破片 rupture disk法兰盖贴面 protective disc费托立克接头 victaulic coupling1.8 端部连接 End Connection法兰端 flanged end坡口端 beveled end (BE)对焊端 butt welded end平端 plai

52、n end (PE)承插焊端 socket welding end螺纹端 threaded end (TE)承口 bell end焊接端 welding end法兰连接（接头） flanged joint对焊连接（接头） butt welded joint螺纹连接，管螺纹连接 threaded joint, pipe threaded joint锥管螺纹密封焊连接 seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint承插焊连接（接头） socket welded joint承插连接（接头） bell and spigot joint环垫接头 ring joint (RJ)

53、万向接头 universal joint软钎焊连接（接头） soldered joint搭接接头，松套连接 lapped joint外侧厚度切斜角 bevel for outside thickncss内侧厚度切斜角 bevel for inside thickness内外侧厚度切斜角 bevel for combined thickness法兰式的 flanged (FLGD)对焊的 butt welded (BW)螺纹的 threaded (THD)承插焊的 socket welded (SW)小端为平的 small end plain (SEP)大端为平的 large end plain

54、 (LEP)两端平 both ends plain (BEP)小端带螺纹 small end thread (SET)大端带螺纹 large end thread (LET)两端带螺纹 both end thread (BET)一端带螺纹 one end thread (OET)支管连接 branch connection焊接支管 branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe2 管道用紧固件及螺纹2.1 紧固件螺栓 bolt六角头螺栓 hexagonal head bolt方头螺栓 square head bolt螺柱，双头螺栓 stud bolt环头

55、螺检 eye bolt沉头螺栓 countersunk (head) screw地脚螺栓 anchor bolt; foundation bolt松紧螺旋扣（花篮螺丝） turnbuckleU形螺栓 U-boltT形螺栓 T-bolt圆头螺钉 round head bolt机螺栓，机螺钉 machine bolt顶开螺栓，顶起螺栓 Jack screw自攻螺钉 self tapping screw膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt粗制的 coarse精制的 finished, fine螺母 nut六角螺母 hexagonal nut方螺母 square nut蝶形螺母 wing nut扁螺

56、母 flat nut锁紧螺母 lock nut垫圈 washer平垫圈 plain washer球面垫圈 spherical washer弹簧垫圈 spring washer方垫圈 square washer斜垫圈 slant washer销轴 pinned shan销 pin开口销 cotter pin定位销 dowel pin带孔销 pin with hole圆锥销 taper pin铆钉 rivet键 key2.2 螺纹左螺纹left hand thread右螺纹 right hand thread管螺纹 pipe thread锥管螺纹 taper pipe thread直管螺纹stra

57、ight pipe thread梯形螺纹 trapezoid thread螺距pitch of thread粗牙螺纹coarse thread细牙螺纹 fine thread特细牙螺纹extra fine thread通长螺纹full thread惠氏螺纹whitworth thread公制螺纹 metric ibread美国标准锥管螺纹 American standard taper pipe thread (NPT)螺孔 tap3 材料、型钢及填料3.1 金属材料3.1.1 黑色金属 Ferrous Metal碳素钢 carbon steel (CS)低碳钢 low-carbon stee

58、l中碳钢 medium-carbon steel高碳钢 high-carbon steel普通碳素钢 general carbon steel优质碳素钢 high-quality carbon steel普通低合金结构钢 general structure low-alloy steel合金结构钢 structural alloy steel合金钢 alloy steel低合金钢 low alloy steel 中合金钢 medium alloy steel高合金钢 high alloy steel耐热钢 heat resisting steel高强度钢 high strength steel

59、复合钢 clad steel工具钢 tool steel弹簧钢 spring steel钼钢 molybdenum steel镍钢 nickel steel铬钢 chromium steel铬钼钢 chrome-molybdenum steel铬镍钢 chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel不锈钢 stainless steel (S.S.)奥氏体不锈钢 Austenitic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢 Martensitic stainless steel司特来合金（钨铬钴合金） Stellite耐蚀耐热镍基合金 Hastelloy铬

60、镍铁合金 inconel耐热铬镍铁合金 incoloy20合金 20 alloy平炉钢（马丁钢） Martin steel镇静钢 killed steel半镇静钢 semi-killed steel沸腾钢 rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel锻钢 forged steel铸钢 cast steel铸铁 cast iron (C.I.)灰铸铁 grey cast iron可锻铸铁 malleable iron (MI)球墨铸铁 nodular cast iron; nodular graphite iron生铁 pig iron熟铁，锻铁 wrought