2020-2021学年上海市16区高三英语二模汇编-阅读理解C (按题型)

1、2020-2021学年高三英语二模阅读理解C汇编【细节理解】（虹口区）(C)Theprimaryintentionofhiswriting,fromfirsttolast,wastoseizeandprojectforthereaderwhatheoftencalledthewayitwas.Thisisacharacteristicallysimplephraseforaconceptofextraordinary(complexity,andHemingwaysconceptofitsmeaningsubtly微妙地)changedseveraltimesinthecourseofhisc

2、areeralwaysinthedirectionofgreatercomplexity.Atthecoreoftheconcept,however,onecaninvariablyrecognizetheoperationofthreeinstrumentsofbeautyappreciation:thesenseofplace,thesenseoffact,andthesenseofscene.65.Theauthorcallsthewayitwas,acharacteristicallysimplephraseforaconceptofextraordinarycomplexitybec

3、ause_.A.itshowshowHemingwayunderstatedcomplexissuesinhisbooksB.itreflectsHemingwaystalentformakingordinaryeventsdifficulttounderstandC.HemingwaysobsessionforgeographicdetailsovershadowedthedramaticelementofhisstoriesD.therelationshipbetweensimplicityandcomplexityreflectedtherelationshipbetweenthesty

4、leandcontentofHemingwayswriting【试题解析】根据第二段第三行“Hemingwaysconceptofitsmeaningsubtly(微妙地)changedseveraltimesinthecourseofhiscareeralwaysinthedirectionofgreatercomplexity.Atthecoreoftheconcept,however,onecaninvariablyrecognizetheoperationofthreeinstrumentsofbeautyappreciation:thesenseofplace,thesenseoff

5、act,andthesenseofscene.”故选D。【参考答案】D.（虹口区）(C)Thefirstofthese,obviouslyastrongpassionwithHemingway,isthesenseofplace.Unlessyouhavegeography,background,heoncetoldGeorgeAntheil,youhavenothing,Youhave,thatistosay,adramaticvacuum.Fewwritershavebeenmoreplace-conscious.Fewhavesocarefullychartedoutthegeograp

6、hicalgroundworkoftheirnovelswhilemanagingtokeepbackgroundsounnoticeable.Fewaccordingly,havebeenabletorecordmoreeconomicallyandgraphicallythewayitiswhenyouwatchthebullsrunningthroughthestreetsofPamplona,Spaintowardsthebull-ring66.Whydoestheauthorincludeanexcept(节选)fromTheSunAlsoRisesinthelastparagrap

7、h?A.Tovividlyillustratehowexcitingthebullrunis.B.Todemonstratethatallkindsofrunnerscantakepartinthebullrun.C.ToshowHemingwaysdelicatedescriptionofthebackgroundofthebullrun.D.Toplacegreateremphasisontheimportanceofgeography,economicallyspeaking.【试题解析】根据第三段“Unlessyouhavegeography,background,heoncetold

8、GeorgeAntheil,youhavenothing,说明海明威非常注重对于背景信息的描绘。故选C。【参考答案】C.（黄浦区）(C)Biologistssuspectthesemoreeasilydeceivedspecieslikethedunnocksareonthesameevolutionarypathastheredstarts,buttheyhavealongwaytogountiltheyevolvethesamelevelsofsuspicion.Whatsremarkableisthatthedunnockfakesaresobadandtheredstartonesso

9、good,andyetcuckoosarestillmoresuccessfulwiththeformerthanthelatter.65.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutdunnockaccordingtothepassage?A.Itcaneasilyremovecuckooeggsfromthenestbecausefakesaresobad.B.Itiscolour-blindandthereforecannotidentifyforeigneggsinthenest.C.Itisahostbirdthatismorelikelytoraiseacuckoo

10、chickthantheredstarts.D.Itisunabletoevolveandhenceacceptscuckooeggsthatappearinthenest.【试题解析】文章五段中，通过跟杜鹃鸟在redstarts下蛋需要变色，而Dunnockd不用而且发现不了不一样的颜色和形状做对比，发现Dunnock是更容易寄生的宿主鸟.因此选C.【参考答案】C（长宁区）(C)ReadingtheScreenThedebateonliteracyisoneofthemostheatedineducation.Ontheonehand,thereisanarmyofpeopleconvinc

11、edthattraditionalskillsofreadingandwritingaredeclining.Ontheotherhand,alargenumberofprogressivesprotestthatliteracyismuchmorecomplicatedthanasimpletechnicalmasteryofreadingandwriting.Thissecondpositionissupportedbymostoftherelevantacademicworkoverthepast20years.Thesestudiesarguethatliteracycanonlybe

12、understoodinitssocialandtechnicalcontext.InRenaissanceEngland,forexample,manymorepeoplecouldreadthancouldwrite,andwithinreadingtherewasadistinctionbetweenthosewhocouldreadprintandthosewhocouldmanagethemoredifficulttaskofreadingmanuscripts(手稿).Anunderstandingoftheseearlierperiodshelpsusunderstandtoda

13、ys“crisisinliteracy”debate.Itseemsthattherehasbeenanoveralldeclineinsomeaspectsofreadingandwritingyouonlyneedtocomparethenewspapersoftodaywiththoseof50yearsagotoseeacleardecreaseinvocabularyandsimplificationofsentencepatterns.Whilereadingacertainamountofwritingisascrucialasithaseverbeeninindustrials

14、ocieties,itisdoubtfulwhetherafullyextendedgraspofeitherisasnecessaryasitwas40yearsago.Whileprintholdsmuchofitsauthorityasasourceoftopicalinformation,televisionhasincreasinglytakenthisrole.Theabilitytowritefluentlettershasbeenweakenedbythetelephoneandresearchsuggeststhatformanypeopletheonlyuseforwrit

15、ing,outsideformaleducation,ismakingshoppinglists.63.Whendiscussingthedebateonliteracyineducation,thewriternotesthat_.A.childrencanreadandwriteaswellastheyusedtoB.academicworkhasimprovedoverthelast20yearsC.thereisevidencethatliteracyisrelatedtoexternalfactorsD.peoplesreadingskillsaremoreimportantthan

16、writingskills【试题解析】本题为归纳题，根据题干，可以从前三段中归纳出来。第一段作者提到这个争论的一方认为传统的读写技巧正在衰退，另一方进步派，即不支持传统的读写能力的人认为传统的读写能力要比通过科技掌握的读写能力要复杂，后面研究表明读写能力只能在社会和科技的背景之下被理解。第二段主要讲了读写能力下降的主要表现，第三段主要阐释了在电视，电话等外在因素的影响下，传统的读写能力慢慢减弱，因此综合来看，作者着重注意到读写能力和一些外在因素的关系，故选C。【参考答案】C（长宁区）(C)Thedecisionofsomecarfactoriestoissuetheirinstructions

17、tomechanicsasavideopackratherthanasahandbookmightendtheautomaticlinkbetweenindustrializationandliteracy.Ontheotherhand,itisalsothecasethatever-increasingnumbersofpeoplemaketheirlivingoutofwriting,whichisbetterrewardedthaneverbefore.Schoolsaregenerallyseenasinstitutionswherebooksrulefilmsandrecordeds

18、oundhavealmostnoplace,butitisnotclearthatthisoppositionisappropriate.Whileyoumaynotneedtoreadandwritetowatchtelevision,youcertainlyneedtobeabletoreadandwriteinordertomakeprograms.Thosewhoworkinnewmediaareanythingbutliterate.Thetraditionaloppositionsbetweenoldandnewmediaareinadequateforunderstandingt

19、heworldwhichayoungchildnowencounters.ThereisevidencethatchildrenaremasteringreadingandwritinginordertogetontotheInternet.64.Whatisthewritersmainpointinthe4thparagraph?A.Theprintedwordisbothgainingandlosingpower.B.Thecarfactoriesdecisionbringsbenefitstolabors.C.Thosewhodomanualjobsnolongerneedtoread.

20、D.Newmediaoffersthebestcareerfortheliterate.【试题解析】本题为段意归纳题，根据第四段，作者提到一些汽车工厂以视频的方式而不是以手册的方式来说明产品或技术，并且越来越多的人远离书写，由此可以看出印刷世界正在失去力量。后面作者又提到虽然现在人们越来越倾向于使用媒体和网络，但是孩子们必须要先掌握读写能力才能使用网络，因此反向也可以体现出印刷世界正在获取力量，故选A。【参考答案】A（长宁区）(C)Nevertheless,thereisacrisisinliteracyanditwouldbefoolishtoignoreit.Tounderstandtha

21、tliteracymaybedecliningbecauseitislesscentraltosomeaspectsofeverydaylifeisnotthesameasreluctantlyacceptingthisstateofaffairs.Theproductionofschoolworkwiththenewtechnologiescouldbeasignificantstimulustoliteracy.Howshouldthesenewtechnologiesbeintroducedintotheschools?Itisntenoughtocallforcomputersinev

22、eryclassroom.Theywillstandunusedunlesstheyareproperlycombinedwiththeeducationalculture.65.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainproblemthatschoolsfacetoday?A.Howtoteachstudentstheskillsofreadingandwriting.B.Howtoapplynewtechnologiestoclassroomteaching.C.Raisingmoneytopurchasetechnologicalequipment.D.Ma

23、nagingthewidelydifferinglevelsofliteracyamongpupils.【试题解析】本题为细节题，根据题干可以定位到最后一段，最后一段第三行作者讲到结合新科技的学校作业将会推动读写能力的提升，紧接着作者提出一个问题：如何将这些新技术引进到学校里？由此可以判断出学校现在面临的一个主要问题是如何将新技术应用到课堂教学中，故选B。【参考答案】B（徐汇区）(C)ThefuneraryrevoltcomesaswomenhereannoyatJapansslowpaceinprovidinggreaterequalitybetweenthesexes.Thelaw,for

24、example,stillmakesitalmostimpossibleforawomantousehermaidennameaftermarriage.Meanwhile,divorceratesarelowbyWesternstandards,becauseachievingfinancialindependenceorevenobtainingacreditcardinonesownnameisaninsurmountableobstacleformanydivorcedwomen.Untilrecently,societyenforcedrestrictionsonwomeneveni

25、ndeath.UnderJapanscomplexburialcustoms,divorcedorunmarriedwomenweretraditionallyunwelcomeinmostgraveyards,(whereplots小块土地)arestillpasseddownthroughthehusbandsfamilyanddescendantsmustprovidemaintenanceforburialsitesorlosethem.65.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthefuneralrevoltinJapanisNOTtrue?A.Mor

26、eandmoreJapanesewomenprefertobeburiedseparatelyfromtheirhusbands.B.JapanscomplexburialcustomsmakeitmoredifficultforJapanesewomentobeburiedseparately.C.MoreandmoreJapanesewomenresorttodivorcetowinthevictoryoffuneralrevolt.D.ItcomesastheresultofJapanesewomensdissatisfactionwithJapansslowpaceinprovidin

27、ggreatersexequality.【试题解析】根据第三段“UnderJapanscomplexburialcustoms,divorcedorunmarriedwomenweretraditionallyunwelcomeinmostgraveyards,whereplots(小块土地)arestillpasseddownthroughthehusbandsfamilyanddescendantsmustprovidemaintenanceforburialsitesorlosethem.”可知，根据日本复杂的墓葬习俗，离婚或未婚妇女传统上在大多数墓地不受欢迎，这些墓地（小块土地）仍然通

28、过丈夫的家人传承下来，后代必须为墓地提供维护，否则就会失去它们。所以，C选项，越来越多的日本妇女通过离婚来赢得葬礼起义的胜利，明显错误。故选C.【参考答案】C（闵行区）(C)Althoughsomeexpertshaveclaimedtobeabletotracesci-fibacktoancienttimes,itismorereasonabletofinditininitialforminthe19thcentury,whenindustrialsocietiesarose.Oneofthefeaturesthatsetindustrialsocietiesapartfromotherki

29、ndswastheincreasingpartthatscienceplayedineverydaylife.Factorieswithvastmachinesturnedouthugequantitiesofgoods,whichweretransportedbytrains,motorvehiclesandshipsallovertheworld.Citieswerebuiltonthebackoftechnology,withelectricityinhomesandhospitalshelpingeveryonetoleadhealthier,moreconvenientlives.A

30、llofthesechangeshadgreateffectsnotonlyonpeoplesreallives,butontheirimaginativeones.64.Whatcausedsciencefictiontoappearinthe19thcentury?A.Thecuriosityofyoungreadersaboutthefuture.B.Thechangesthattheindustrialrevolutionbroughtabout.C.Peoplesstretchedimaginationaffectedbytheirreallife.D.Peoplesfearsabo

31、utscienceratherthanhopes.【试题解析】该题是细节题。定位到the19thcentury所在的第三段。根据itismorereasonabletofinditininitialforminthe19thcentury,whenindustrialsocietiesarose.Oneofthefeaturesthatsetindustrialsocietiesapartfromotherkindswastheincreasingpartthatscienceplayedineverydaylife.Factorieswithvastmachinesturnedouthuge

32、quantitiesofgoods,whichweretransportedbytrains,motorvehiclesandshipsallovertheworld.“更合理的发现科幻小说最初的形式是在19世纪，当工业社会开始兴起。能把工业社会和其他种类的社会区分开的特征之一是科学在每天的生活中所起的越来越多的作用。拥有大机器的工厂制造出大量的商品，然后由火车，汽车和轮船运往全世界。”可以看出是由工业革命带来的变化使科幻小说出现在19世纪。故选B。【参考答案】B（闵行区）(C)Butsci-fictionreflectedfearsaboutsciencemorethanitdidhopes

33、.ThesetypicalearlysciencefictionnovelsmightbeaUKnovellikeH.G.WellsTheWaroftheworlds(1897).Withgreatskill,WellsplayeduponthefearsoftechnologybyimaginingEarthunderthreatbyacivilization-thatofmenfromMars.65.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoweknowabouttheearlysciencefiction?A.Itarousedpeoplescuriosityofscien

34、ceondailylife.B.Itintensifiedpeoplesworriesaboutthesocialproblems.C.Itpromotedpeoplesunderstandingofthetruevalueofscience.D.Itconveyedanatmosphereofimaginaryanxietiestopeople.【试题解析】题是细节题。定位到theearlysciencefiction所在的第五段。根据ThesetypicalearlysciencefictionnovelsmightbeaUKnovellikeH.G.WellsTheWarofthewor

35、lds(1897).Withgreatskill,WellsplayeduponthefearsoftechnologybyimaginingEarthunderthreatbyacivilization-thatofmenfromMars.“这些典型的早期科幻小说可能是一部英国小说就像H.G.Wells写的世界之战（1897）。凭借着强大的”写作技巧，Well通过想象地球受到来自火星人文明的威胁，描绘出对技术的恐惧。可以看出早期的科幻小说把一种想象出来的焦虑传递给人们。故选D。【参考答案】D（静安区）(C)Mostscientistswhostudyritualsconsidertheirm

36、ysteriousoriginstobeoneoftheirdefiningcharacteristics.Butrecently,researchershavecometorealizethatbeforeritualsbecomepurelysocialandhighlypeculiar,manyhavestartedoutasattemptstoavoiddisasters.64.Originally,manyritualsarouseinanattemptto_.A.makepeoplegetalongwithpeoplefromthesameculturalgroupB.protec

37、tpeoplefrompotentiallifethreatsC.getpeopletoidentifywiththeirowncultureD.providepeoplewithvalueswhenclashingwithpeoplefromothercultures【试题解析】本题为细节题，根据题干可以定位到第三段最后一句，但最近，研究人员开始意识到，在仪式变得纯粹的社会性和高度奇特之前，许多仪式开始都是为了避免灾难，故选B。【参考答案】B（静安区）(C)Notallritualsareeffectivebecausewedontalwaysunderstandwhatisproducin

38、gtheriskwearetryingtocontrol.Butsomedowork.IntheIndianstateofBihar,wherematernalandinfantdeathrateatbirthremainshigh,269ritualsareassociatedwithpregnancyandbirth.Asignificantproportionoftheserituals,suchaspreparingthenutritiousfood,areperfectlyinaccordwithmodernmedicaladvice.Manyothersarelikelyneutr

39、alwhiletheones,suchasbathingtheinfantimmediatelyafterbirth,areviewedasriskyjustbecauseofpracticallimitationssuchasalackofcleanwater.【试题解析】本题为细节题，定位到第五段，这些仪式中有很大一部分，比如准备营养食物，完全符合现代医学建议。其他许多方法可能是中性的，而那些方法，比如在婴儿出生后立即给他洗澡，被认为是危险的，仅仅是因为缺乏清洁的水等实际限制，可知有些仪式是否合适取决于当地的情况，故选C。【参考答案】C（崇明区）(C)Foryearsthemainappr

40、oachofmeasuringoceantemperaturehasbeenArgo,anarray(阵列)of4000automaticfloats,whichdriftstheglobe,samplingoceanwaterandmeasuringitstemperature.YetArgomeasurementsstopat2000meters.63.WhatdisadvantagedoesArgohave?A.Itsreachislimited.C.Itdoesntworkglobally.B.Ittakeslongtocollectsamples.D.Itspredictionisn

41、treliableatall.【试题解析】细节理解题。根据原文第三段YetArgomeasurementsstopat2000meters.可知Argo的测量高度受到限制，故选A。【参考答案】A（崇明区）(C)“OceanAcousticTomography”,thebasisforthecurrentresearch,wasfirsttestednearly30yearsago.Theinitialstudiescreatedsoundwavesartificially,basicallyincreasingthevolumeongiantunderwaterspeakers.Scienti

42、stsmeasuredthesoundstraveltimefromthespeakerstoreceiversthousandsofkilometersaway.Becauseoceantemperaturesaffectthespeedofthewaves,theresearcherscouldcalculateaveragetemperaturesalongtheirpaths.Butsomebelievedthenoisewasathreattooceanlifeandthetechniquenevertookoff.64.ItcanbelearnedthatOceanAcoustic

43、Tomography_.A.wastestedmanytimesbutneversucceededB.remainedunpopularforfearofpotentialharmC.wasassumedtobetoocomplicatedtobecontrollableD.measuredoceantemperaturejustasthenewresearchdoes【试题解析】细节理解题。根据根据原文第五段Butsomebelievedthenoisewasathreattooceanlifeandthetechniquenevertookoff.可知有些人担心噪音会威胁到海洋生物故这项技

44、术并未成功运用，故选B。【参考答案】B（金山区）(C)Lastyear,138,000SanFranciscoresidentsusedAirbnb,apopularappdesignedtoconnecthomerentersandtravelers.Itsastrikingnumberforacitywithapopulationofabout850,000,anditwasenoughforAirbnbtowinamajorvictoryinlocalelections,asSanFranciscovotersstruckdownadebatablerulethatwouldhavepl

45、acedtimerestrictionsandotherregulationsonshort-termrentalservices.Thecompanyfiercelyopposedthemeasure,PropositionF,withanearly$10millionadvertisingcampaign.ItalsocontacteditsSanFranciscanuserswithmessagesurgingthemtovoteagainstPropositionF.63.TheintentionofPropositionFisto_A.placetimelimitsinlocalel

46、ection.B.setlimitsonshort-termrental.C.strikedownacontroversialrule.D.urgeuserstovoteagainstAirbnb.【试题解析】根据文章itwasenoughforAirbnbtowinamajorvictoryinlocalelections,asSanFranciscovotersstruckdownadebatablerulethatwouldhaveplacedtimerestrictionsandotherregulationsonshort-termrentalservices以及Thecompany

47、fiercelyopposedthemeasure,PropositionF,withanearly$10millionadvertisingcampaign.ItalsocontacteditsSanFranciscanuserswithmessagesurgingthemtovoteagainstPropositionF.故选B。【参考答案】B（金山区）(C)SanFranciscoisinthemiddleofalong-term,deeplyrootedhousingcrisisthathasseenthecostoflivingexplode.Actually,explodeisag

48、enerousterm.Theaveragemonthlyrentforanapartmentisaround$4,000.Locatedonanarrowoutcroppingoflandoverlookingthebay,SanFranciscosimplydoesnthaveenoughspacetoaccommodatethemassiveinflowofyoung,high-salariedtechemployeesflockingtoSiliconValley.65.ThehousingcrisisinSanFranciscoresultsfrom_.A.explosionofth

49、elivingcostB.itsgeographiccharacteristicsC.generosityoflocalenterprisesD.inflowofmigrantpopulation【试题解析】根据最后倒数第二段Locatedonanarrowoutcroppingoflandoverlookingthebay,SanFranciscosimplydoesnthaveenoughspacetoaccommodatethemassiveinflowofyoung,high-salariedtechemployeesflockingtoSiliconValley.故选D。【参考答案】

50、D（杨浦区）(C)Theyproposewhattheyrecalling“groupco-authorship.”TheauthorlistonVendettissnail-and-slugpaperincludesthephrase“citizenscienceparticipantsinSLIME.”ButthephraseisabsentwhenyoulookupthepaperonGoogleScholar.Thepublicationsoftwaresimplyisntequippedtohandlethatkindofauthorship,andsoiterasesthegrou

51、psvitalcontribution.63.WhatcanbelearnedaboutVendettissnail-and-slugpaper?A.Itisthefirstpapertocreditcitizenscientistsonthetitlepage.B.Itdescribessnailsandslugslivinginmetropolitanenvironments.C.ItisavailableonthepublicationsoftwareGoogleScholar.D.Itincludes10,000photosofsnailsandslugsinSouthernCalif

52、ornia.【试题解析】本题为细节理解题。Itisthefirstpapertocreditcitizenscientistsonthetitlepage.文章并没有提到是第一个论文因此A错误。B.根据文章第一段可知文章说的是“describedthediscoveryoffivespecies（蜗ofnon-nativesnailsandslugs牛和鼻涕虫）inSouthernCalifornia.”因此B不对。C.根据文章的第三段中的“ButthephraseisabsentwhenyoulookupthepaperonGoogleScholar.Thepublicationsoftwa

53、resimplyisntequippedtohandlethatkindofauthorship,andsoiterasesthegroupsvitalcontribution.”可知C选项正确。D文章只是说“volunteerswhouploadednearly10,000photostotheSLIMEproject”并不等同于论文包含10000张南加州的蜗牛和鼻涕虫。【参考答案】D（青浦区）(C),Sohowdidwolvesturnintodogs?BackintheIceAge,asourhumanpopulationsgrewmoresedentaryweprobablycreat

54、edmorerubbish,whichwethendumpedoutsideourcamps.Theseleavingswouldhaveincludedtemptingpiecesoffoodforhungrywolves.Noteverywolfwouldhavebeenabletoscavenge(捡拾),however.Theseanimalswouldhavehadtobeunafraidofhumans,andiftheydisplayedanyaggressiontowardus,theywouldhavebeenkilled.Aftergenerationsofselectio

55、nforfriendlinesswithoutintentionalselectionbyhumans,thisspecialpopulationofwolveswouldhavebeguntotakeonadifferentappearance.Coatcolor,ears,tails:allprobablystartedtochange.65.Whatdoestheauthorconcludefromthehistoryofdogsandwolves?A.Dogsevolvedfromwolves.B.Selectivebreedingdevelopeddomesticdogs.C.Tam

56、inganddomesticatingananimalarethesamething.D.Friendlinessasaqualitytranslatesintoanevolutionarystrategy.【试题解析】本题考查细节推断题。根据第五段“Aftergenerationsofselectionforfriendlinesswithoutintentionalselectionbyhumans,thisspecialpopulationofwolveswouldhavebeguntotakeonadifferentappearance.”可知选D.对亲密的选择导致了狼发生变化【参考答

57、案】D（宝山区）(C)Besidesactingmoralhavingasociologicalneed,italsohasapsychologicalbasis.Mostpeopleareconcernedtosomeextentabouttheirreputation.AccordingtoPsyPost,“Alotofeconomicmodelsofhumanbehaviorassumethatpeopleareonlyrational（理性的）whentheynarrowlypursuetheirownself-interest,buthistoryshowsusthatpeoplea

58、realsotremendouslyconcernedwithbeingandappearingmoral”.So,thefearofonesreputationbeingdamagedisoftenastrongmotivatortobemoral.Andifsomeonehasbeenimmoral,mostpeoplegooutoftheirwaytomakesurenoonefindsout,ortocorrectthebehaviorinordertonotbecaught.Thisgoesinlinewithconscienceaswell.Peoplegenerallyfeeli

59、nabetterpsychologicalstateiftheyfeelthattheirconscienceisclean.Adirtyconsciencecanresultinalackofsleep,anxiety,internalstress,andevenillness.65.Whichofthefollowingisthepsychologicalbasisforactingmoral?A.Pursuitofself-interest.B.Acleanconscience.C.TheconcernaboutreputationD.Adirtyconscience【试题解析】本题为细

60、节题，根据第三段“Besidesactingmoralhavingasociologicalneed,italsohasapsychologicalbasis.Mostpeopleareconcernedtosomeextentabouttheirreputation.”可知对自己名誉的担忧是人们表现得道德的基础。故选C。【参考答案】C（宝山区）(C)Onthesideofphilosophy,thestudyofethics（伦理）comesintoplay.Mostphilosophersagreethatoneshouldrationallychooseasetofstandardsof