2022-2023学年陕西省铜川市重点中学高三下第一次测试英语试题含解析

1、2022-2023学年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角条形码粘贴处。2作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试题卷上。3非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。4考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答

2、题卡一并交回。第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1_child will find his own personal road to success.AEach BThe otherCEither DAnother2 Id rather have some wine, if you dont mind._. Don t forget that youll drive.ABy all meansBAnything but thatCTake it easyDI wouldnt say no to this3Could you give me a reminder at 9 to

3、morrow morning?Im sorry,but I a meeting then.Aattend Bwill attend Cwill be attending Dam attending4Regarding China-US differences on human rights issues, Hong said the two sides can enhance mutual understanding through dialogue _ on equality and mutual respect.AbasedBto baseCbasingDbase5The farmer u

4、sed wood to build a house _ to store grain.A. thatB. in whichC. whichD. what6_ that it was sold out when it came out.ASo was her successful bookBSo successful was her bookCSo her book was successfulDSo successful her book was 7After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a d

5、octor in the countryside.Aset outBtook overCtook upDset up8There is a popular view_in city strangers are less likely to help an elderly person.AthatBwhetherCwhyDhow9You _ read a book in the sunitll do harm to your eyesAcouldntBwouldntCneedntDmustnt10Im going to order chicken and saladWhat about you?

6、 .Ill have the same.AIm afraid notBIts up to youCThat sounds good to meDThat depends11I prefer a school _teachers have to work as a team, instead of fighting against each other.AwhereBthatCasDwhen12I dont mind her criticizing me,but_is how she does it that I object to.AitBthatCthisDwhich13The collec

7、tion, sorting and of historical materials and cultural relics of the May Fourth Movement should be strengthened, President Xi said.AconsiderationBconservationCconstitutionDconstruction14_ caught in the rain unexpectedly, we still enjoyed the journey very much.AWhenBAsCUnlessDAlthough15If we forgave

8、criminals, we might become a society of endless excuses _ no one accepts responsibility for anythingAwhichBwhereCwhenDas16The teacher came into the classroom _ by his students.AfollowingBto be followingCfollowedDhaving followed.17If he had been working hard, he _ in the office now. However, he didnt

9、.Awould be workingBwere to be workingCwas workingDshould work18After making the speech, he went through it in his mind to reflect where he_ better.Acould doBwould doCcould have doneDwould have done19She is stubborn in resisting his enquiries about the Moonstone _ the degree that she makes it seem as

10、 if she does not want the mystery _.Aon; to solveBwith; solvingCfor; being solvedDto; to be solved20I called her nearly ten minutes this morning, but I couldnt _.Aget throughBgo through.Clive throughDlook through第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分） Have you ever spent an afternoon

11、 in the backyard, maybe grilling or enjoying a basketball game, when suddenly you notice that everything goes quiet? There is an old phrase “calm before the storm”， often used in a situationa quiet period just before a great activity or excitement. According to our own experience, we know there is a

12、ctually calm before the storm. But what causes this calm? And is it always calm before the storm? Lets hear what scientists have to say.A period of calm happens in a particular kind of storm, the simplest kind of storma singlecell thunderstorm. In this type of thunderstorm, there is usually only one

13、 main updraft, which is warm, damp air and drawn from places near the ground. Storms need warm and damp air as fuel, so they typically draw that air in from surrounding environment. Storms can draw in the air that fit their need from all directionseven from the direction in which the storm is travel

14、ing.As the warm, damp air is pulled into a storm system, it leaves a lowpressure vacuum(真空) coming after. The rising air meets the cold dry air that has already existed in the storm clouds, thus the temperature of the warm, damp air drops, and the water vapour(水蒸汽) in it changes into tiny drops that

15、 are a precondition of rain. These drops accumulate and build on larger particles like dust, until they grow large enough to form raindrops.This warm, damp air keeps moving upwards, but it becomes cooler and drier during its trip through cloud. When it reaches the top of the cloud, the air gets spit

16、 out(被挤出) at the top. This air is sent rolling out over the big thunderclouds. From there, the air goes down. Warm and dry air is relatively stable, and once it covers a region, that air, in turn, causes the calm before a storm.Most thunderstorms, though, dont start with calm. Thats because most are

17、 actually groups of storms with complex wind patterns. Theres so much air moving up and down storm groups that the calm before the storm never happens. Instead, before the storm, it might be really windy!1、Which best fits the description of a particular kind of storm?AA storm with air drawn from eve

18、ry direction.BA thunderstorm without strong winds.CA thunderstorm with a single shape.DA storm fueled by moving air from the ground.2、What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?ACold and dry air.BWarm and damp air.CCold and damp air.DWarm and dry air.3、Which does the writer most like

19、ly agree to?APresence of the calm relies on stable air.BStorm happens without air moving up and down.CThe drier the air is, the bigger the storm will be.DNot all thunderstorms start with the calm.4、What is the passage mainly about?ACauses and effects of a heavy storm.BAn explanation of the calm befo

20、re a storm.CA personal experience of a heavy storm.DA brief description of a peaceful storm.22（8分） Generally speaking, people like those who have a good sense of humor.Sometimes a touch of humor might well enable us to win. Consider the case of a young friend of mine, who hit a traffic jam on his wa

21、y to work shortly after receiving an ultimatum (最后通牒) about being late on the job. Although there was a good reason for Brians being lateserious illness at homehe decided that this by-now-familiar excuse wouldnt work any longer. His boss was probably already pacing up and down preparing a dismissal

22、speech.Yes, the boss was, as Brian entered the office at 9:35. The place was as quiet as a locker room (更衣室): everyone was hard at work. Brians boss came up to him. Suddenly, Brian forced a smile and stretched out his hand. “How do you do!” he said. “Im Brian. Im applying for a job, which, I underst

23、and, became available just 35 minutes ago. Doesnt the early bird get the worm?”The room exploded in laughter. The boss clamped off a smile and walked back to his office. Brian had saved his job, with the only tool that could wina laugh.Humor is a most effective, yet frequently neglected means of han

24、dling the difficult situations in our lives. It can be used for patching up differences, apologizing, saying “no”, criticizing, getting the other fellow to do what you want without his losing face. For some jobs, its the only tool that can succeed. It is a way to discuss subjects so sensitive that s

25、erious dialog may start a quarrel. For example, many believe that comedians on television are doing more today for racial and religious tolerance (忍受力) than people in any other forum.1、Brian was late for his job because _.Ahe got up lateBhe was seriously illChe was caught in a traffic jamDhe was bus

26、y applying for a new job2、What can we infer about humor?AIt is the early bird.BIt is important in our lives.CBrian often saved his job with humor.DIt can solve racial discriminations.3、What does the underlined phrase “clamped off” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AchargeBtried to setCgave upDtried to hold ba

27、ck4、What can we learn from the text?AMany people lack in a sense of humor.BBrian was supposed to arrive at his office at 8: 30.CIt wasnt the first time that Brian came late for work.DHumor is the most interesting way of solving problems.23（8分） Wolves strike fear into the hearts of many species, huma

28、ns included. Our fear of them has brought them to the edge of dying out, as we have cruelly killed them as competitors and trouble-makers. But researchers are discovering that the very fear they put into prey（被捕食者）species is exactly what helps make ecosystems（生态）healthy.Yellowstone National Park is

29、a typical example of just how wolves can help repair an ecosystem. An October 2018 study analyzed 40 years of research on large animals inside the park.“Yellowstone has benefited from the reintroduction of wolves in ways that we did not anticipate, especially the complexity of biological interaction

30、s（互动） in the park,” explained Mark Boyce, a professor in the Department of Biological Sciences. “We were really surprised at that and we d never have seen these responses if the park hadnt adopted ecological-process managementallowing natural ecological processes to take place with least human inter

31、vention.”After the wolves were re-introduced at Yellowstone, willow and cottonwood trees increased in number. The population of bears and bison also rose and what was once a ruling deer-wolf interaction is now more diverse.To learn more about just how wolves are beneficial, a short documentary from

32、Quest explains how the presence of wolves influences the behavior of deer, which eventually makes entire ecosystems more biologically diverse and healthy. In this documentary, biologist Aaron Wirsing explored why wolves and other top predators （捕食者） were needed for diverse ecosystems to develop. Usi

33、ng a simple video camera, Wirsing is gaining a unique view point on predator-prey relationships and changing the way we think about wolves.The research is one more piece of evidence for why protecting these top predators is important not just for wolves as a species, but for hundreds of species at e

34、very level of an ecosystem. The fear they bring along may be the very angle that helps save them from dying out.1、What does the underlined word “anticipate” in paragraph 3 probably mean?AExpect.BUnderstand.CNotice.DAccept.2、For what purpose was a documentary made?ATo introduce how wolves behave in t

35、he wild.BTo show how wolves benefit from ecosystems.CTo record how Aaron Wirsing observed wolves.DTo study what good wolves can do to ecosystems.3、What is the significance of the research?AIt proves wolves feed on hundreds of species.BIt helps prove the importance of protecting wolves.CIt shows the

36、complex relationships between species.DIt provides evidence that wolves are endangered animals.4、What is the main idea of the passage?AThe fear of wolves is beneficial to ecosystems.BThe fear of wolves put them in danger of disappearing.CYellowstone National Park owes its healthy ecosystems to wolve

37、s.DThe introduction of wolves in Yellowstone National Park is a success.24（8分）Mandy Harvey is a 29-year-old singer from the American state of Florida. She suffers from connective tissue disorder. She lost most of her ability to hear when she was 18. As a child and during her teenage years, Harvey wa

38、s a singer. But she stopped singing for a time after she went deaf.But she decided to start singing again after she learned how to feel a songs beat through the wooden floor of a stage or theater. She uses visual aids to make sure her musical instruments are tuned correctly and she is singing in the

39、 correct pitch (音高).Harvey is now a professional singer. But until Tuesday night, not many people in the United States had heard of her. Of course that changed when she appeared on the television show “Americas Got Talent.” The show has four judges who watch people perform and decide if they should

40、continue in the competition.Mandy Harvey appeared on stage with a small instrument: a ukulele. A sign language interpreter stood next to the judges. One of the judges, Simon Cowell, asked Harvey about the condition that caused her to go deaf. Then she got ready to perform. She sang a piece she wrote

41、, called “Try.” Harvey said: “After I lost my hearing, I gave up. But I want to do more with my life than just give up.” Cowell said: “Good for you,” and clapped his hands loudly.As she was singing，one camera cut away to capture images of people in the theater. Many were seen crying. At one point, e

42、veryone stood up and cheered. By Wednesday afternoon, a video of Harveys performance had been played 46 million times.Shortly after she finished singing, Cowell smiled, and said “Mandy, I dont think youre going to need a translator for this.” And he reached over and hit a button that released golden

43、 confetti (五彩纸屑) into the air. That meant Harvey automatically moved on to the final part of the talent competition.1、How does Mandy Harvey sing with her musical instruments as a deaf person?ABy senses of touch. BBy her instrument.CBy experience. DBy sight.2、What does the underlined word “that” in P

44、aragraph 3 refer to?AHarvey is not well-known.BHarvey is a professional singer.CHarvey is popular with Americans.DHarvey is lucky with her childhood.3、What do you know about topic of her song “Try”？AShowing her hard situation.BExpressing her perseverance.CAsking for sympathy from others.DProving her

45、 success in her career.4、What was the result of Mandys performance?AShe got the first place.BShe moved the three judges.CShe succeeded in entering the finals.DShe didnt satisfy the whole audience.25（10分） The subway system in the U.S. city of Boston will soon be equipped with train cars Made in China

46、, which will be shipped to the city in December. The current train cars in Boston have been running for decades and are too old to provide a modern trip experience.Made in northeastern Chinas Jilin Province, the new cars can run at a speed of 102 kilometers per hour. Although designed according to t

47、he U.S. standard, the producing method of the cars is owned by a Chinese company named CRRC, the China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation. The final products match the Boston subways strict maximum weight requirement of 34 tons per car, which barred a lot of world-famous companies from getting the or

48、der form. The cars have to be solid, but light-weight at the same time, technology manager of the project Hong Haifeng told CCTVs Mandarin news channel. And they have to be compatible with the century-old facilities in Boston.This is the first time for Chinese rail equipment to be used in the United

49、 States. The new cars are designed to run for 30 years. CRRC showcased the model car in Boston on April 3. CCTV reported that the model was praised by the local leaders and citizens, including the governor of Massachusetts Charlie Baker. Were really looking forward to putting these in transit, he sa

50、id, adding that the upgrades will bring the Boston subway into the modern era.1、Why Boston choose train cars made in China?AThey can offer the local people a modern trip experience.BThey can run at a higher speed.CThey meet the Boston subways strict requirements.DThey are of higher quality.2、What do

51、es the underlined phrase be compatible with in paragraph two mean?AmatchBcompareCbe competitive withDbe competent of3、Whats the attitude of the local people towards the model car?AnegativeBdoubtfulCskepticalDoptimistic4、What may be the best title for the text?ABoston Will Replace Its Old Train CarsB

52、The Advantages of Train China-made CarsCChina-made Train Cars Will Come Into BostonDBostonians Preference for China-made Products第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项26（30分） I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May. I smiled as I watched the

53、 golden sunshine 1 off the leaves. It was such a 2 and heavenly time.My calm was broken, 3 ， as I rounded a curve (拐弯处). A huge UHaul truck was coming my way several feet over the center line. I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to 4 it. It was followed by not one but two other UHa

54、ul trucks just as 5 . I wondered if all the stuff inside of them 6 the same person. I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to 7 . It was then that I 8 a selfstorage business along the side of the highway, building new units for all the people who couldnt fit their 9 into their houses. I s

55、aw a(n) 10 couple carrying boxes into one of the units. It seemed 11 that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.I lost my own 12 for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned. The only thing I had left was the underwea

56、r I was wearing. Yet, our whole family had awakened 13 to escape. In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet, but none of it seemed as 14 any more. What was important was seeing Moms smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze (打盹

57、) in his chair 15 a hard days work. What was important was the stuff of 16 ， not the stuff of this world. Since then I have tried to limit the things I would 17 .I didnt want too much stuff to 18 my life. I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning, growing, and 19 my family

58、and others.I assumed that only by doing so could I make my 20 .1、AappreciatingBreflectingCadmiringDreleasing2、ArefreshingBdelightfulCpeacefulDdynamic3、AthoughBtooCanywayDinstead4、AmissBrejectCignoreDdesert5、AusefulBlargeCnewDgood6、Aturned toBreferred toCreacted toDbelonged to7、AbeatBpulseCaccelerate

59、Dfollow8、AnoticedBthoughtCdidDestablished9、AfurnitureBboxesCpossessionsDmaterials10、AoldByoungCmiddleagedDsmall11、AcuriousBapparentCcertainDobvious12、AhopeBtalentCfaithDtaste13、Ain returnBin turnCin timeDin vain14、AaffordableBsignificantCbeneficialDpractical15、AbeforeBinCafterDduring16、AmindBhandChe

60、adDsoul17、ApurchaseBdonateCwasteDneed18、Aput upBcrowd upCbring upDset up19、AhelpingBabusingClovingDaffecting20、AnameBdayCworldDway第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。27（15分）The global tourism industry is developing 1 (quick). In 2017, it contributed eight trillion dollars to the econom