译林版七年级英语下学期Unit4语法之冠词学案

1、 冠词r l -l!适用学科匚11,一小初英语适用年级!六-七适用区域通用版课时时长（分钟）1120!r知识点冠词的用法11111教学目标能够区分和运用定冠词，不定冠词以及掌握零冠词的用法教学重点11.冠词的分类2./、同种类冠词的基本用法1 1教学难点1.在特殊语境中，a和an的用法辨析 2.冠词的固定搭配冠词是小升初考试的必考点，以下是小升初考试真题，从题目中观察考查方向及重点:There s h in the word hour.A. a B. the C. an D./He is living in European country.A.a B. the C. an D./3)youn

2、gest leader in China is man called LuHao .A. The; a B. A ; theC. A; a D. An; all【答案】1 3 CAA【解析】.考查不定冠词 a和an的区别；“h的读音以/ei/这个双元音开头，所以应该为an,故选Co.考查不定冠词的基本用法，表示 个”应该用不定冠词，而 European中第一个“ e”不 发音；字母“ u”的发音为/ju:/,开头为非元音发音，故选 A。.第一个空格考查定冠词 the应该用于最高级前面，所以应该选the youngest leader;后一个空格考查不定冠词，一个叫陆昊的男人，所以应该用a,故选

3、A。二、知识讲解.冠词的定义：冠词是虚词，放在名词前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。.冠词的分类：定冠词：the不定冠词：a和an.冠词含义：thef当于“this/that/these/those,翻译成这%和an”相当于“one,”翻译成 个、一只 ”.冠词特点：(1)它们本身都不能单独使用，必须和名词一起使用。(2) a/an +单数可数名词。the +可数名词/不可数名词，单复数均可，表示特指。如：a dog , an orangethe dog, the dogs, the water, the hair1）表示某一类人或事物中的任何一个，经常用在第一次提到的某人或某物时，用不定冠词起介

4、绍作用，表示 、个”。如:He has a girlfriend.I have an elephant.This is an interesting book.2）表示数量 ，相当于one.如： There are twenty-four hours in a day.3）表示人或事物的某一类，强调整体，以一个表一类。如：A horse is useful to mankind.马对人类有用。4）放在时间速度价格等前，表示 每一 ”的意思，相当于every.如: we often go to school two times a day.5）用于说明身份和职业如：I am a teacher.

5、6）用于某些固定词组中如：a lot of 许多in a minute 一会儿 for a while 一会儿have a try 试一试 in a word 总而言之口诀：不定冠词两变体，用 a或an都表“一；可数名词首次提，何人何物不具体；某类人、物任一个，有时还要表“每一”。区分a和an?an用于以元音音素开头的单词前，习惯上如果后面名词的首字母为五个元音字母a,e,i,o,u那我们选an如：an old man, an orange, an elephanta用于辅音音素开头的单词前。如： a book, a picture, a map, a cup难点：应该注意有些特殊以元音字母开

6、头确不能用an的单词，辅音字母开头的词不能用a。如：an hour /a?/ ; a useful book /jusfl/ ; a university /ju?n?v?s?/;a European country /?j?r?D?V小窍门：In a university, a European and a one-eyed man walk along a one- way road with ausual tool. This is a usual thing.（在一所大学里，有一个欧洲人和一个独眼龙拿着有用的工具沿着一条单行道行走，这是件平常的事。）例题1用a和an填空useful b

7、ag apple umbrella old manThere isu andh in the word hour.【答案】 a; an; an; an; a; an【解析】本题考察不定冠词 a和an的用法区别。（以元音发音开头的字母有“a、e、f、h、i、l、m、n、o、r、s、x”共 12 个）知识点3定冠词1）特指某些人或物如： The book on the desk is mine.2）双方都知道的人或事物如： Open the door, please.the,第一次出现用不定冠词a或an）3）指上文提到的人或事物（第二次出现用定冠词如： He lives on a farm, th

8、e farm is not big.4）指世界上独一无二的事物如： The sun is bigger than the moon.5）用在形容词前表示一类人如： the poor the old the blind6）用在姓氏前表示一家人,或者表示夫妻两人如： The Greens are at table.7）用于序数词、形容词最高级及形容词only,very,same 等词的前面如： The island is the biggest of the three.January is the first month of the year.They are in the same clas

9、s.8）用于乐器前如： I like playing the piano.9） 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前如： the People s Republic of China: the Great Wall10）用在习语中如： look the same in the daytime in the morning by the way口诀:定冠词用法有规律，防止遗志很容易。特指双方都熟悉，世上无二仅独一，山河海岛建筑物，少数形表人一类，普构专有惯用词，防止遗志很容易。上文已经被提及。序数词和最高级。姓氏复数奏乐器。方位名词须牢记。试用此诀有效率。例题He is strongest pupil

10、 in our class.A. a B. an C. the2)sun is bigger than moon.A. The, the B. /, / C. The, /3) China is one of the oldest countries in _world.A.the,the B.the,/ C.a,a D.an,the【答案】C A A【解析】.考查最tWj级前需用定冠词the,故选Co.考查世界上独一无二是事物前用定冠词the,故选Ao.考查定冠词的用法，故选 Ao知识点4零冠词1）专有名词（国民，地名，人名）、物质名词和抽象名词等不可数名词前如：China, water,

11、music2）名词前已有作定语的指示代词、物主代词或不定代词等限定词如： The letter is in her bag.have some questions.3）复数名词表示泛指如： Books are useful.4）球类活动、学科名词、一日三餐前如： We have English and math every day.5）节日、星期、月份、季节名称前如：June 1 is Children s Day6）表布颜色、语言、称呼语和官职、头衔的名词前如：I like red.I can speak English .Headmaster Li comes to Class 5.7）某

12、些固定词组或习惯用语中如：at night, go to school, by busat home on, foot at first at last,at once口诀：下列情况不用冠，代词限定名词前；专有名词不可数，球类学科与三餐；复数名词表泛指，节日月份星期前；颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。例题1At home Beijingplay chess have lunchTom is playing football, and Lily is playing piano.A. /, /B. the, /C. /, the【答案】1)不填； 不填； 不填； 不填C【解析】.考查零冠词的用法

13、。.球类运动前不加冠词，乐器前加定冠词，故选 Co三、课堂运用在下列名词前填上 a或者an,不需要的地方划/1.English girl2.hot weather3.black pen4.clean park5.old hotel6.red skirt7.blue ink8.small clock9.big apple10.wonderful music【答案】1.an 2./3. a 4. a 5. an 6. a 7. /8.a9. a 10. /本题考查不定冠词。定冠词，零冠词的最基本用法。能力提升. Do you like playing tennis or piano?A. the;

14、 the B. the; / C. /; / D. /; the. There is u in the word “useful .A. aB. /C. anD. the.There are sixty minutes in hour.A.an B. the C.a D./.Which is bigger,elephant or horse?A.a,the B. an,a C.the, a D.,an, the. Paris is capital of France.A.a B./ C.one D.the.Unite States lies in North American.A.AnB.AC

15、.TheD./7.Bill is aboy. He isEnglish boy.A.a,the B.a,an C.the,anD.an.an8.There ismap of the world onwall. map is mine.A. a, a, A B. a, the, The C. the, the, The D. the, the, A9.Shanghai is in east of China.A.an B.a C.the D./10. Everyone should respectold andyoung.A.the,the B.an, the C.a, a D./,/【答案】二

16、、 1-5 DAABD 6-10CBBCA【解析】1. 本题考查球类运动前和乐器前分别用零冠词和定冠词，故选 D。本题考查不定冠词a和an的区别，虽然是元音字母u但是以辅音发音开头辅音，故选A。本题考查“ hour”中“ h”不发音，故选不定冠词“an”，故选A。本题考查不定冠词a, an 的基本用法，表示一类，故选 B 。本题考查定冠词the 的基本用法，表示特指，故选 D 。本题考查定冠词the 的基本用法，用于专有名词前，故选 C。本题考查不定冠词的用法，表示一个，并且考查不定冠词a 和 an 的用法区别，故选 B 。第一空考查不定冠词表示一个的基本用法，第二空考查表示地址的定冠词的用法

17、，第三空考查文章第二次出现的名词的定冠词 the 的用法，故选 B 。本题考查表示方位的定冠词the 的基本用法，故选 C。本题考查定冠词the 的基本用法，用于形容词前，表示一类人，故选 A 。The Old CatAn old woman had a cat. The cat was very old. She could not run quickly, and she could not bite, because she was so old. One day the old cat saw a mouse. She jumped and caught the mouse, but

18、she could not bite it. So the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away, because the cat could not bite it.Then the old woman became very angry because the cat had not killed the mouse. She began to hit the cat. The cat said, Do not hit your old servant. I have worked for you for many years, and I had

19、 caught a lot of mice, but I am too old. Do not be unkind to the old, but remember what good work the old did when they were young.【五、课堂小结让小升初学生对冠词的熟悉并运用，对于小升初学生来说是非常有必要的，并且，冠词也是初中高中必考知识。学完本节课学生应该掌握以下几个方面的知识点，检测一下你学会了吗？.冠词的定义.冠词在句子中的作用.冠词的分类.不定冠词以及定冠词的用法.掌握不定冠词、定冠词、零冠词的口诀六、课后作业一、用 a an the / 填空No news is good news.There is a” “on his paper.I ate apple .It s red apple.tall man over there is my boss.earth moves around sun.二、单项选择Mr. Wang bought house.house is not far from the lake .A a, An B the, The C a, TheWould you please pass me sugar on the table ?A a B the C anearth we live on is bigg