2021年山东省烟台市中考物理试卷

1、2021年烟台市初中学业水平考试物理试题注意事项:1.本试卷共8页，共100分，考试时间90分钟。答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。2.选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。写在试卷上或答题卡指定区域外的答无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。一、选择题（本题为单项选择题每小题2分，共30分）1.人类社会的发

2、展离不开能源的开发和利用，随着社会对能源的需求不断增加，造成了能源的短缺，而开发和利用可再生能源是解决能源危机的有效途径。下列能源属于可再生能源的是A.风能B.天然气C.核能D.石油2.如图所示的做法中，符合安全用电要求的是A.电冰箱没有接地线B.用试电笔检测插座是否有电C.用湿手按开关D.多个大功率用电器同时使用一个插座3.如图所示，两列火车并排停在站台上，小红坐在车厢向另一列火车观望。突然她觉得自己乘坐的列车开始前进了，但是“驶过”对面列车的车尾时，小红发现她乘坐的列车还停在站台上，原来是对面的列车向反方向开去了。“开始前进了”和“停在站台上”是因为小红所选的参照物是A.另一列火车 自己乘

3、坐的火车B.自己乘坐的火车 站台C.站台 另一列火车D.另一列火车 站台4.如图所示的四种情景中，属于光的直线传播现象的是A.凸透镜将光会聚到一点B.小孔成像C.看见不发光的物体D.玻璃板成像5.为了测量牛奶的密度，某同学利用天平和量筒测量了下面的物理量，你认为其中不需要测量的是A.用天平测量空烧杯的质量B.将牛奶倒人烧杯中，用天平测量烧杯和牛奶的总质量C.将烧杯中的牛奶倒人量筒中一部分，测出量筒中牛奶的体积D.用天平测量烧杯和剩余牛奶的总质量6.下列现象中，能利用流体压强规律解释的是A.用活塞式抽水机抽水B.用塑料吸管吸饮料C.盆景自动供水装置D.伞面被大风“吸”起7.下列科学家与科学发现对

4、应关系正确的是A.亚里士多德惯性定律B.法拉第电流周围存在磁场C.沈括地磁的两极和地理的两极不重合D.奥斯特电磁感应现象8.用如图所示的四种方式匀連提升同一物体（不计机械自重和摩擦），其中最费力的是A.B.C.D.9.某兴趣小组设计了一种路灯自动控制装置，路灯的通断由光控开关控制，两路灯的额定电压为220V，R为保护电阻，S为光控开关，白天光控并关断开两路灯不发光，晚上光控开关闭合，两路灯正常发光.下列电路设计符合要求的是A.B.C.D.10.如图所示，跳伞运动员在空中匀速直线下降的过程中，关于运动员（不包含降落伞和绳）下列说法正确的是A.动能不变，重力势能不变，机械能不变B.动能变大，重力势

5、能变小，机械能不变C.动能不变，重力势能交小，机械能变小D.动能变小，重力势能变小，机械能变小11.乙图所示的装置中与甲图工作原理相同的是A.自发电手电筒B.话筒C.手摇式发电机D.扬声器12.如图所示力某压力传感器的原理图，R1为定值电阻，滑动变阻器R2的滑片P通过AB间可以伸绍约导线与电路相连，导线位于弹簧内部，当闭合开关S，压力F增大时，下列说法正确的是A.电压表V1的示数变大B.电压表V2的示数变小C.电压表V2的示数与电流表A的示数比值变大D.电压表V1的示数与电流表A的示数比值变小13.小明同学在一根细木棒的下端缠绕了一些铁丝然后将它分别置于甲，乙两杯液体中，静止时的状态如图所示，

6、下列说法正确的是A.甲杯液体的密度软大B.乙杯体的密度较大C.木棒在甲杯液体中受到的浮力较大D.木棒在乙杯液体中受到的浮力较大14.如图所示，电源电压恒定不变，闭合开关S，灯L1和L2均发光，一段时间后，一盏灯突然熄灭，而电流表和电压表的示数都不变，出现这一现象的原因可能是A.灯L1断路B.灯L2断路C.灯L1短路D.灯L2短路15.如图所示，电源电压不变，滑动变阻器的最大阻值为R，已知R:R1:R2=1:1:2，则下列说法正确的是A.当滑片P移动到a端时，闭合S1、S2，通过R1与R2的电流之比是1:2B.当滑片P移动到a端时，闭合S1、S2，通过R1与R2的电流之比是1:1C.当滑片P移动

7、到b端时，只闭合S1，滑动变阻器两端的电压与R1两端的电压之比是1:1D当滑片P移动到b端时，只闭合S2，滑动变阻器两端的电压与R2两端的电压之比是2:1二、填空题（每小题3分，共15分）16.如图所示，小明在筷子的一端捆上棉花蘸水后充当活塞，插入两端开口的塑料管中，做成“哨子”。用嘴吹管的上端，可以发出悦耳的哨声，这哨声是由_的振动产生的，上下推拉活塞，改变了声音的_，当筷子不动，用不同的力吹管时，改变了声音的_。17.现代生活中人们越来越离不开手机，其中手机强大的拍照功能给人们带来很多的便利，景物通过手机镜头成倒立、缩小的_（选填“实像”或“虚像”）。如图所示，小明利用自拍杆进行自拍，与手

8、拿手机自拍相比，利用自拍杆可以_物距，从而_取景范围，取得需砦的拍摄效果（后两个空均选填“增大”或“减小”）。18.勤洗手是降低新冠病毒感染的有效防护措施。在生活中找们常会娅到这样的情况，洗完手以后身边没有纸巾、毛巾或其它可以摞手的东西，此时为了让手快点干，你通常会采用的做法是_，你的做法用到的物理知识是_。（写出一种做法及对应的物理知识）19.为了防止电流过大将用电器核心部件烧毁，很多用电器都装有保险管，如图甲所示，乙、丙两图分别是两个保险管的截面图，若两管内保险丝的材料相同，长度相同，粗细不同，则两图中_保险丝的电阻大，当乙、丙两保险管通过相同的电流时，_保险丝的热功率大，_保险丝更容易熔

9、断。（均选填“乙图”或“丙图”）。20.如图所示，电源电压恒为12V滑动变阻器的最大阻值为48，电流表量程为00.6A，小灯泡标有“6V 3W”字样，忽略温度对灯丝电阻的影响。当S、S1和S2都闭合时，调节滑动变阻器的滑片，使电路中的总功率最小且为6W，定值电阻R0的阻值为_；当只闭合S时，电路中允许通过的最大电流为_A，此时滑动变阻器接人电路的阻值为_。三、作图简答题（21题3分，22题6分，共9分）21.如图所示，某清澈池塘底部有一物体A，站在岸边的小明（假设小明的眼睛在C处）看到物体在B处，请画出小明看到物体A的光路图。22.阅读短文回答问题返回舱的回家之旅经历了长达23天的飞行，在月球

10、成功取样后，嫦娀五号返回舱于2020年12月17日凌晨1点精准地降落在内蒙古四王子旗地区。返回舱在返回过程中要应时多种挑战，首酬强影先要应对的是高温。返回舱在利用半弹道跳跃（打水漂）再次进入大气层时的遮度约为7.9km/s，它与大气的剧烈摩擦最高可产生3000左右的高温，我们知道，在温度为1600时，就能熔化钢铁，在3000时，即使是金刚石也会熔化，为什么嫦娀五号的返回舱没有被烧毁，而仅仅只是被“烤至金黄”?这是因为我国的神舟系列飞船采用了自主研制开发的烧蚀防热技术，就是用先进的防热材料技术给返回舱穿上一层25mm厚的“防热衣”，防热材料在高温作用下，自身分解、熔化、蒸发和升华，在消耗表面质量

11、的同时带走大量的热，使表面温度大幅下降；同时还有一层辐射式防热和隔热材料，使热量不能传递到舱内，最终可使返回舱内部的温度控制在30左右。除了高温，返回舱返回过程中还要经过一个距地面35km到80km的黑障区，返回舱通过黑障区时，外壳温度为2000左右，高温使返回舱周围的空气电离形成等离子体，屏蔽了电磁波的通过，因此会丧失与外界的无线电联系，这段时间地面人员无法得知返回舱的实时状况，也无法对返回舱进行控制，只能通过进入黑障前进行精准的调控，才能使它顺利通过黑障区。返回舱在到达地面前的最后一道难关是在距地面约10km处要用降落伞减速。嫦城五号返回舱共有三把伞:引导伞、减速伞和主伞，其中主伞面积可以

12、达到1200m2左右，只有让降落伞顺利开伞才能在巨大阻力作用下，在返回舱到达地面前减速到6m/s左右，确保返回舱安全着陆。嫦域五号月球取样的成功，在世界面前彰显了我国航天科技的伟大成就，更让我们为祖国的强大而自豪。（1）为什么降落伞上伞的面积要做得尽量大一些？（2）返回舱经过稠密大气层时为什么会出现高温?如何使返回舱内部的温度保持在30左右?（3）返回舱航返回过程中，地面工作人员与返回舱之间利用什么传送信号?当返回舱出现黑障时，为什么无法传送信号?四、实验探究题（每小题8分，共24分）23.在探究某固体熔化时温度的变化规律的实验中，小明采用了水浴法加热。（1）水浴法加热的好处是_。（2）小明组

13、装的实验器材如图甲所示，图中有在一处明显的不足，请你指出不足之处并说明理由；（3）小明纠正了不足，重新调整了器材，根据实验测得的数据作出图像，如图乙所示，由图像可知该物质的熔点是_，第10min时，该物质所处的状态是_（填“固态”、“液态”或“固液共存”）。24.在“探究影响滑动摩擦力大小的因素”的实验中，某小组用同一物块按照图甲、乙，丙进行了三次实验。（1）实验过程中，弹簧测力计必须沿水平方向拉着物块做_运动，此时滑动摩擦力的大小等于弹簧测力计的示数，所依据的原理是_。（2）进行_两次实验，是为了探究滑动摩擦力大小与压力大小之间的关系；（3）实验中发现丙图中弹簧测力计的示数比甲图中的大，由此

14、可以得到的结论是：_。（4）在交流评估环节中，某同学总认为滑动摩擦力的大小还与接触面积有关，为了验证他的想法，他进行了如下设计:将甲图中的物块竖直切掉一半重新进行实验，测得物块所受摩擦力与甲图中测得的数据进行比较，从而得出结论.请对该同学的设计方案进行评估。25.为了测量小灯泡的电功率及观察小灯泡的亮度变化情况，某小组选用了一只额定电压为3.8V的小灯泡，他们准备进行三次测量，加在小灯泡两端的电压分别为3.8V、4.5V和3V，连接的实物电路图如图所示。电压表示数（V）电流表示数（A）小灯泡的实际功率（W）小灯泡的发光情况3.80.40正常发光4.50.421.89校亮3.00.381.14较

15、暗（1）开始实验后，闭合开关，向左移动滑动变阻器的滑片时，发现小灯泡的亮度_（选填“变亮”、“变暗”或“不变”），电流表的示数_，电压表的示数_（后两个空均选填“变大”、“变小”或“不变”）；（2）小组成员根据观察到的现象检查发现有一根导线连接错误，请在错误的导线上画“”，用笔画线代替导线画出正确的连线；（3）正确连接电路后开始实验，实验所测数据如上表所示，则小灯泡的额定功率为_W；（4）根据上表的实验数据以及小灯泡的发光情况，你有什么发现?五、计算题（26题10分，27题12分，共22分26.图甲所示为某电暖器的简化原理图，其中R1、R2是两个相同的电热丝，单个电热丝的电流与电压的关系图像如

16、图乙所示。已知电源电压为220V，每个电热丝的额定电压均为220V现要在某卧室使用该电暖器卧室的容积为50m3，空气的比热容为1.0103J/（kg），空气密度为=1.2kg/m3，假设卧室封闭，请根据图像及以上信息解答下列问题。（1）每个电热丝正常工作时的电阻及额定功率是多少?（2）只闭合S2时，流过电热丝的电流为多少?此时电暖器消耗的总功率为多少?（3）只闭合S1和S2，让电暖器工作15min，卧室内的温度升高了10，电暖器的加热效率是多少?27如图所示为某学校厕所内自动冲水装置简化的原理图，这种装置能定时为便池冲水。注水口通过阀门控制可保持细小水流不停地向水箱内注水。活塞下方有支撑销（体

17、积不计）支撑，随着水位的升高，当活塞被顶起时水由冲水口快速流出，当两侧液面相平时，活塞落下，冲水结束；杠杆AB处在水平位置，O为支点，OA:OB=1:2，A端通过竖直顶杆AC与活塞相连连接配重M的细绳通过定滑轮竖直作用在B端。已知活塞的横截面积S1=10cm2，右侧蓄水箱的横截面积为S2=0.12m2，注水速度为20cm3/s，配重M的质量m=0.5kg，密度物=2.0103kg/m3，不计杆AB、顶杆AC、绳及活塞的重力，不计摩擦，不考虑冲水所用的时间，水=1.0103kg/m3，g=10N/kg，设活塞刚被顶起时，杠杆水平，两侧水面高度差为h，求：（1）配重M所受浮力F浮；（2）两侧水面高

18、度差h；（3）前后两次冲水的时间间隔；（4）若将配重M更换成相同材料体积较小的物体，装置的其它部分不变，则前后两次冲水的时间间隔怎样变化?此方法能否起到节水的作用?绝密启用前人教英语单元卷系列 选修6 Unit2单元试卷考试范围：xxx；考试时间：100分钟；命题人：xxx题号一二三四五六总分得分注意事项：1答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I卷（选择题）请点击修改第I卷的文字说明评卷人得分一、阅读理解：共15题 每题2分 共30分Chi Zhen, an 18-year-old student in Seville, Spain, used his cam

19、era to tell the story of two girls living next door to each other. Comments on the photos indicate that they have inspired many people to believe that the future is in their own hands.Chi has seen many of his peers living a life without a goal, wasting their time and blaming bad luck. Feeling regret

20、 for them, he took a series of photos of his friends Veronica and Anna Maria, both freshmen at the University of Seville in Spain. They have completely different lifestyles and are getting opposite results. Chi hopes the photos will inspire those who have let go of their own fate.In the photos, Anna

21、 Maria can be seen watching a TV drama. She spends most of her time in front of her laptop. She loves watching TV so much that she just eats take-away food. She rarely goes out because she thinks shes not attractive and doesnt know what to say in social situations. She blames fate. Im not as lucky a

22、s Veronica, she often complains.But she doesnt know that while shes wasting time watching TV dramas, Veronica, the lucky girl next door, has taught herself four foreign languages and traveled to many places. She goes to the library frequently and her knowledge and experience allow her to take part i

23、n any conversation and become the center of attention.The influence of the photos has gone far beyond what Chi expected. One person commented on his photos on R, saying, A wall separates two worlds, and the life we have depends on what we do. Id rather grasp my fate now than complain about everythin

24、g later.1The underlined phrase have let go of in the second paragraph means .A.have let downB.have gone afterC.have given in toD.have struggled for2Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.Maria and Veronica are studying in different universities.B.Veronica enjoys taking

25、part in conversations.C.Chi Zhen often blames bad luck.D.Maria is not as lucky as Veronica.3Whats Veronicas attitude to life?A.Indifferent.B.Positive.C.Inactive.D.Worried.4What can we learn from the passage?A.Chi Zhen feels regret for Maria and Veronica.B.Veronica doesnt enjoy traveling.C.Maria has

26、determined to grasp her fate.D.Chis photos on the Internet have attracted more attention than expected.【答案】1C2B3B4D【解析】1词义猜测题。从语境看,画线部分与第二段中的living a life without a goal, wasting their time and blaming bad luck是一致的,因此选C。give in to屈服,投降;let down放下,使失望;go after追赶,追求;struggle for为而斗争。2细节理解题。四个选项覆盖了全文。两

27、个女孩是同一所大学的大一学生(A错);Veronica的知识和经历使她能参与任何交谈,并且成为关注的中心(B对);Maria经常抱怨命运(C错),总是说自己不如Veronica的运气好(D错)。3推理判断题。从第四段对Veronica生活的描述来看,她有积极的生活态度,因此选B。4推理判断题。从文章的叙述来看,A、B、C三项都不符合相关介绍。最后一段说Chi在网上发布的这些照片造成的影响超过了他的预测,因此选D。【备注】无Parties and social gatherings no longer excite us the same way they once did. This is n

28、ot due to a lack of desire to socialize, but the smartphone.At parties, more people are on their smartphones than on their drinks. According to a recent study from International Data Corporation, well over half of all Americans have a smartphone and reach for it the moment they wake up, keeping it i

29、n hand all day. In addition, too many people are using smartphones while driving and as a result getting into car crashes. 34 percent of teens admit to text while driving, and they confirm that texting messages is their number one driving interruption. Peoples attachment to their smartphones is unbe

30、lievably becoming more important than the lives of themselves and others.Just as drivers dismiss the importance of focusing while on the road, many people also fail to recognize the significance of human interaction. When with their friends, some people pointlessly check or send messages in the pres

31、ence of them, which sends a message that their friends are less important. In addition, relying on our smartphones to make friends does not give us the same advantage as being able to make new friends in the real world. Face-to-face conversations will give us the chance to improve our communication

32、skills in the long run.As many people risk their lives and the lives of people around them just to send a text or mindlessly check their messages, smartphones are in many ways more dangerous to people. The technology shows the achievements weaken the value of communication. Not only is the smartphon

33、e affecting our desire to interact (交流) face-to-face, but it is also lowering societys ability to communicate.5The purpose of this text is to .A.call for an end to the use of the smartphone while drivingB.appeal to us to pay attention to communication skillsC.express a concern about the overuse of t

34、he smartphoneD.advise us to be cautious about the addiction to the smartphone6The second paragraph is developed by .A.giving examplesB.listing figuresC.comparing factsD.analyzing the effects7The author advocates making new friends .A.by using smartphonesB.in a face-to-face wayC.in different waysD.un

35、der a free circumstance8Too much dependence on the smartphone leads to the fact that .A.parties and gatherings limit their social circleB.people are more and more narrow-mindedC.peoples communication skills are weakenedD.face-to-face communication becomes less important【答案】5C6A7B8C【解析】5主旨大意题。全文通过描述人

36、们在社交场合或开车时埋头使用手机这一现象,提出了这一现象背后值得思考的话题:手机的过度使用影响到了人们的日常生活和交流,因此选C。6推理判断题。第二段讲述人们使用手机的情况,比如在聚会上、开车时,并提到青少年开车时使用手机发短信的具体事例,因此该段是通过给出一系列的例子来阐述观点的。7细节理解题。作者在第三段的结尾说,Face-to-face conversations will give us the chance to improve our communication skills in the long run.,因此选B。8细节理解题。最后一段谈到人们埋头使用手机疏忽身边的交流的坏处

37、是weaken the value of communication, C项是对该信息的转述,因此选C。【备注】无Ever walked to the shops only to find, once there, youve completely forgotten what you went for? Or struggled to remember the name of an old friend? For years weve accepted that a forgetful brain is as much a part of ageing as wrinkles and gre

38、y hair. But now a new book suggests that weve got it all wrong.According to The Secret Life of the Grown-up ! 未来脑教学云平台_Brain, by science writer Barbara Strauch, when it comes to the important things, our brain actually gets better with age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our b

39、rain hits the peak between our 40s and 60s much later than previously thought.Furthermore, instead of losing many brain cells as we age, we retain them, and even produce new ones well into middle age. For years its been assumed that brain, much like the body, declines with age. But the longest and l

40、argest study into what happens to people as they age suggests otherwise.This continuing research has followed 6,000 people since 1956, testing them every seven years. It has found that on average, participants performed better on cognitive (认知的) tests in their 40s and 50s than they had done in their

41、 20s. Specifically, older people did better on tests of vocabulary, verbal memory (how many words you can remember) and problem-solving. Where they performed less well was number ability and perceptual speed how fast you can push a button when ordered. However, with more complex tasks such as proble

42、m-solving and language, we are at our best at middle age and beyond. In short, researchers are now coming up with scientific proof that we do become wiser with age.Neuroscientists are also finding that we become happier with age. A recent study found older people were much better at controlling and

43、balancing their emotions. It is thought that when were younger we need to focus more on the negative aspects of life in order to learn about the possible dangers in the world, but as we get older weve learned our lessons and are subconsciously aware that we have less time left in life. Therefore, it

44、 becomes more important for us to be happy.9Barbara Strauch probably agrees that .A.the young are better at handling important thingsB.peoples brain works best between their 40s and 60sC.ageing leads to the decline of the function of the brainD.wrinkles and grey hair are the only symbols of ageing10

45、The continuing research has found older people perform better on .A.vocabulary testsB.number abilityC.perceptual speedD.body balance11People are happier with age because .A.they learn to value the time leftB.they know how to share feelingsC.they cannot focus on negative aspectsD.they do not realize

46、the possible dangers12What is the main idea of the passage?A.People get wiser with age.B.People get more forgetful with age.C.People get happier with age.D.People get more self-aware with age.【答案】9B10A11A12A【解析】9细节理解题。根据第二段中的when it comes to the important things, our brain actually gets better with

47、age. In fact, she argues that some studies have found that our brain hits the peak between our 40s and 60s可知选B。10细节理解题。根据第四段中的older people did better onand problem-solving可知选A。11细节理解题。根据最后一段中的but as we get older weve learned our lessons and are subconsciously aware that we have less time left in lif

48、e. Therefore, it becomes more important for us to be happy. 可知选A。12主旨大意题。根据文章第一段末的But now a new book suggests that weve got it all wrong.以及全文的内容可知,随着年龄的增长,人们会变得更加睿智,故选A项。【备注】无I moved into a new house in July. Since then I have met a few of my neighbors who are very nice people. For Christmas, I thou

49、ght I would do something nice for each of the neighbors I knew. There were nine neighbors whom I knew by name or spoke with often when I was in my yard. I knew which houses they lived in.I decided to add one more to my list. This lady I decided to add lived down the street from me. I met her every m

50、orning as I drove down the street. She always smiled at me. But I had no idea who she was and which house she lived in.I planned to make small fruit baskets and leave them on my neighbors front porches(门廊) on Christmas Eve. I signed the cards: Happy Holidays from 5104 Northumberland Road.I saved the

51、 last for the friendly lady. I finally decided on a house where I met her each morning and guessed that it was hers.My neighbors really appreciated the baskets and would tell me as they saw me in the yard or they would call, and a couple even came by to thank me.The next morning I found a small note

52、 in the mailbox. It was addressed simply: Resident, 5104 Northumberland Road.The thank-you card really caught me by surprise. I opened it and read the message, Thank you for the lovely fruit basket you left on our porch. It was very thoughtful. Richard Kelly passed away last week. He talked a lot ab

53、out how nice it was that someone remembered him in his time of illness. He really appreciated it.I had no idea who Richard Kelly was and that he had been seriously ill. I had left that nice ladys basket on his porch by mistake. I wanted to say sorry, but that would be wrong. I believe that Mr Kelly

54、was supposed to have that basket because he was dying. I hate that the nice lady did not receive the fruit basket, but I believe if she knew what had happened, she would be happy. I feel pleased to have made Richard Kellys last days be more cheerful.13How many Christmas gifts did the author intend t

55、o send?A.Nine.B.Eight.C.Ten.D.Eleven.14Where did the friendly lady live?A.She lived at the end of Northumberland Road.B.Her address was 5104 Northumberland Road.C.She was thought to share a house with Mr Kelly.D.The author was not sure about her address at all.15What does the author mean in the last

56、 paragraph?A.He was regretful that the nice lady didnt receive his gift.B.He was glad to have made Mr Kellys life more pleasant.C.He thought Richard Kelly deserved to receive that basket.D.The lady was happy to sacrifice to make Kelly happy.【答案】13C14D15B【解析】13细节理解题。由第一段中的第四句话和第二段中的第一句话可知,作者要送10份礼物。1

57、4细节理解题。作者推测那位女士住在早上作者经常见到她的那个地方,但是下文又说花篮放错了地方,可见她并不住在那里,故A项错误。5104 Northumberland Road是作者的地址,故B项错误。由于作者放错花篮,病中的Mr kelly收到了圣诞礼物,但是文中并没有提及那位女士和Mr kelly同住一室,因此C项也错误。由此可见,作者并不知道那位女士究竟住在何处。15推理判断题。最后一段的最后一句话写出了作者想要表达的感受,B项的陈述与最后一句意思相同,故选B。【备注】无评卷人得分二、七选五：共5题 每题2分 共10分Self-esteem (自尊) is a collection of b

58、eliefs or feelings we have about ourselves. Having a healthy self-esteem can help us through difficult times and help us remain focused on what is important to us. Research shows that children with high self-esteem grow up to be more confident adults. Self-esteem building should start from an early

59、age. 16Praise BehaviorChildren need feedback. Its how they measure their behavior and it plays a role in learning from experience. Provide specific praise for actual acts and efforts made in the process. 17Identify StrengthsPreschoolers are always watching each other. On the bright side, they learn

60、new things from each other. On the other side, they can become self-critical when they see a peer accomplish something they are still struggling for. 18Tell your children to focus on their strengths when they start to draw comparisons.Foster (培养) a Sense of BelongingChildren may not understand how p