完形填空解题方法

1、 完型填空专题 宾川三中 王武凤考情分析 完型填空是高考常见的一种题型，这种题型被专家称为障碍性阅读，也是让学生感到最为棘手的题型之一。它既考查对语法、词汇、习语、句型、搭配等基础知识的综合运用能力，又考查对短文的阅读理解能力，甚至有时还考查对时事政治等的关注，且选取的文章都富有思想性和教育性。完型填空命题有以下特点：短文的第一句不设空，词数在200300之间，空格平均间距13个词左右。体裁相对稳定，多为夹叙夹议的记叙文。考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法，所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。难度稳中有增，近年来加大了词汇量，使长句难句增多，选项中所用词汇更加富有层次、更具有干扰性，因此

2、难度也就自然增大了。考点归纳考点一 词汇复现词汇复现包括：原词、同（近）义词、反义词、同源词、概括词复现等。词汇复现主要是考查考生的整体篇章意识和上下文推断能力。考生只需要在上下文中直接寻找与备选答案相关的词汇，不需要做出推理判断就可以轻松解决问题。这类设题形式分为前文提示和后文暗示两种。（2013广东）If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not_3_. However, if you remove two, the bird_4_leaves. How good is a humans number sense?

3、 Its not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a _13_group.3. A. survive B. care C. hatch D. notice(2013湖南)I was so _41_that I slammed(砰地关门)the door and stepped out on the front porchThe voice behind the _45_answered, “Billy doe

4、snt live here anymore. He ran away from home.” Glancing behind me to see if anyone else was coming. I begged, “Aw, Mom, mom! Im _46_your son. Let me in! The door inched open and Moms smiling face appeared. “Did you change your_47_about running away?” she asked.45. A. house B. tree C. door D. yard点拨：

5、词汇复现的解题技巧一抓抓中心：解题时不要急于求成，应抓住文章的中心思想（围绕的话题-文章中出现频率最高的词）二找找复现：充分利用上下文信息词，找到有助于判定正确答案的有提示作用的词句（如原词、同义词、反义词、概括词等）考点二 前后照应完型填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，前后照应题目的设计主要是考查学生的综合分析能力。有时提供的几个选项孤立地从一个句子看或是从一个段落看似乎都可以，但需要从整篇文章上下文结合起来看，才能选出正确答案。（2012 全国）Around twenty years ago I was living in York._21_I had a lot of ex

6、perience and a Masters degree, I could not find_22_work. I was _23_a school bus to make ends meet and _24_with a friend of mine, for I had lost my flat. I had _25_five interviews(面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say I did not_26_the job. “Why has my life become so _27_?

7、” I thought painfully. As I pulled the bus over to _28_a little girl, she handed me an earring_29_I should keep it _30_somebody claimed(认领) it. The earring was painted black and said “BE HAPPY”. My _39_there went very well, and before long I got a well-paid job.22. A. successful B. extra C. satisfyi

8、ng D. convenient23. A. driving B. repairing C. taking D.designing (2013山东) I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people_36_I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a _37_person.I think my_38_started w

9、hen I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my_39_and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever_40_to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was really_41_. It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun. So I

10、tried a(n)_42_.I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I _43_to help. That was really a big_44_for me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of _45_are still my best friends today.36. A. since B.before C. or D. unless37.A. famous B.

11、 simple C. different D. skilled38. A. education B. career C. tour D. change39. A. balance B. homework C. degree D. interest40. A. talked B. wrote C. lied D. reported41. A. careful B. lonely C. curious D. guilty42. A. argument B. game C. experiment D. defence43. A. dared B. offered C. hesitated D. ha

12、ppened44. A. dream B. problem C. duty D.step45. A.us B. which C. them D. whom点拨：前后照应题目的解题技巧关键要弄清上下文之间的联系。在做出选择时，一定要前后照应，时刻不离开上下文。而且随着对短文的理解的逐步深入，对已做出的选择进行必要的修正。务必要进行复核。确定答案之后带入原文检查，看意义和逻辑关系是否符合，如不符合重新确定答案。考点三 固定搭配词的固定搭配，特别是动词的搭配师完型填空测试的重点，这是由动词在句子中的重要性决定的。动词在搭配关系上与名词、介词、副词紧密相连，测试的范围较广。除此之外，还考查形容词与介词

13、、介词与名词的固定搭配。（2013浙江）When I got to my new room, I _32_myself to my new roommate Paolo, a Brazilian(巴西人)the same age as I, whom I was surprised to find playing one of my favorite CDs! In just a few hours, we knew wed be good friends for the rest of the _33_.32. A.added B. introduced C. devoted D. adap

14、ted (2013四川)So weeks later, at my 13th birthday party, inspire by her bravery, I gave up my scarf and showed off my scars. It felt amazing not having to _29_away behind my scarf.Now, I am_30_of what I look like and much happier, because I have realized it is your personality(个性)that decides who you

15、truly are.29.A. hide B. give C. keep D. put30.A.sick B.aware C. tired D. proud点拨：固定搭配题目的解题技巧不能利用语法知识进行判断，只有熟悉其意义和用法，才能迅速准确地做出判断。做题时首先要通过上下文理解该句的意思，之后从搭配角度推选答案。完型填空考查的搭配主要是由动词+介词、动词+副词、形容词+介词、介词+名词等构成，这需要考生在平时的联系中注意词组、短语的整体记忆，掌握他们的搭配规律。有些短语含有多种意义，做题时要根据语境判断使用哪个含义。考点四 词义辨析在完型填空所提供的四个选项中，往往存在大量同义词、近义词、

16、同类词等（也有一部分没有任何关系的词汇掺在其中），考查具体语境下它们的意义差别。此类题目所占比例最大，难度也较大。（2012全国新课标）Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks_36_than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more _37_than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communicaton(非语言交际) takes up about 50%of what

17、 we really_38_.36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further37. A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages38. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean (2013全国新课标)Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts. But people in the streets know about him, e

18、specially those who are_17_. For those people, he is “Gloves”Greenberg. How did he get that_18_?He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase(公文箱). But hes_19_.His briefcase always has some gloves.In winter, Mr. Greenberg does not_20_like other New Yorker, who look at

19、the sidewalk and hurry down the street. He looks around at people. He stops when he _23_someone with no gloves. He gives them a pair and then he _24_, looking for more people with cold_25_.On winter days, Mr. Greenberg gives away gloves. During the rest of the year, he _27_gloves. People who have he

20、ard about him_28_him gloves, and he has many in his apartment17. A.old B. busy C. kind D.poor18.A.job B.name C.chanc D. message19.A.calm B.different C.crazy D. curious20. A.act B. sound C. feel D. dress23.A. helps B. chooses C. greets D. sees24. A.holds up B.hangs out C. moves on D. turns around25.

21、A. hands B. ears C.faces D. eyes27.A. borrows B.sells C.returns D. buys 28. A. call B. send C. tend D. show点拨：词义辨析题目的解题技巧必须将词语辨析与上下文情节推理和逻辑推理结合起来，从词汇意义入手，抓住情节线索解决问题。做题时严格区分、细心比较，看其搭配、惯用法，尤其看其内涵和外延，即词义的差异，才能找出一个符合情理的答案。在日常练习中，可以将完型填空题选项中涉及的词汇整理在一个表格中，添加详细的辨析，并且反复练习。考点五 背景常识高考英语完型填空的材料都选自原汁原味的英美文章，反应英语国家的历史文化、风土人情、民俗、节