B文章第一段提及学童抽烟的危害(A)

1、最新B)文章第一段提及学童抽烟的危害(A)Reading Comprehension 2Questions 1 - 5 are based on the following passage: It has been shown that children who smoke have certain characteristics. Compared with non-smokers they are more rebellious, their work deteriorates as they move up school, they are more likely to leave sc

2、hool early, and are more often delinquent and sexually precocious. Many of these features can be summarised as anticipation of adulthood. There are a number of factors which determine the onset of smoking, and these are largely psychological and social. They include availability of cigarettes, curio

3、sity, rebelliousness, appearing tough, anticipation of adulthood, social confidence, the example of parents and teachers, and smoking by friends and older brothers and sisters. It should be much easier to prevent children from starting to smoke than to persuade adults to give up the habit once estab

4、lished, but in fact this has proved very difficult. The example set by people in authority, especially parents, health care workers, and teachers, is of prime importance. School rules should forbid smoking by children on the premises. This rule has been introduced at Summerhill School where I spent

5、my schooldays. There is, however, a risk of children smoking just to rebel against the rules, and even in those schools which have tried to enforce no smoking by corporal punishment there is as much smoking as in other schools. Nevertheless, banning smoking is probably on balance beneficial. Teacher

6、s too should not smoke on school premises, at least not in front of children.1. In this passage the author puts an emphasis on _. A) the effect of smoking among children B) the difficulty in preventing children from smoking C) the reasons why children start smoking D) the measures to ban smoking amo

7、ng children 1. B)文章第一段提及学童抽烟的危害A；第二段述及其原因C；而第三段及第四段那么侧重讲述防止学童染上抽烟恶习之难，即使采取一些措施D，也未必收到预期的效果。故 B项内容显然是文章的侧重点。2. Which of the following is a common characteristic of young smokers? A) Disobedience B) Laziness C) Lack of intelligence D) Vanity 2. A第二段第二句谈及“rebelliousness是青少年抽烟的心理因素之一，而第四段又提到孩童抽烟“just to

8、 rebel against the rules，故在四个选项中仅 disobedience切合此意。其它三点，文章均未提及。3. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A) Some children start to smoke out of curiosity. B) Many children start to smoke because they want to appear mature. C) In order to have fewer children smokers, parents, te

9、achers and health care workers should not smoke. D) It is not as difficult to prevent children from starting to smoke as to disuade adults from smoking. 3. D) 选项A)、B、C的内容在文章中皆有所提及，而选项D的含意正好和作者的观点相反，故not true。4. The writer concludes that school rules to forbid smoking _. A) should be introduced, for

10、it really works at the school where he once studied. B) should not be introduced, for it may cause disturbance. C) should be introduced though it may not work effectively. D) neednt be introduced as long as teachers dont smoke in front of children. 4. C文章最后一段即说明此点。5. The authors attitude towards his

11、 writing is _. A) objective B) emotional C) critical D) indifferent 5. A)本文笔调客观，不带有主观褒贬或个人感情色彩。Questions 6 - 10 are based on the following passage: When astronaut Neil Armstrong set foot on the moon for the first time, on July 20,1969, it represented one of the most inspiring achievements in mans hi

12、story to millions of people throughout the world. But to a small organization called the International Flat Earth Research Society, it was nothing more than a piece of cleverly stage-managed science-fiction trickery. And Armstrongs historic words when stepping down from the Eagle module onto the dus

13、ty lunar surface about 240,000 miles from earth - one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind - was a phrase that could have come only from the pen of a scriptwriter. As for the pictures reputedly taken in space showing the earth to be a rotating sphere, well, they were just too ludicrous f

14、or words. The sun,say the Flat Earthers,circuits the earth instead of the earth revolving around the sun - a notion that most people take for granted. The society, whose membership is currently estimated to be about 1,400, dismisses much of accepted modem thinking about the shape of the earth as she

15、er nonsense and is convinced that the entire human race is being subjected to the greatest hoax in history. From its headquarters in Lancaster, California, the society wages a war of words through newsletters and pamphlets against the evils of science. The society was founded about 1800 in Great Bri

16、tain and the United States and, says its American president Charles Johnson,was descended from the Zetetic society, which took its name from an ancient Greek philosophical school of skeptics. It survived under this name until 1956, when its general secretary, Samuel Shenton,of Kent, England, changed

17、 the name to the present title. The societys belief is this: that the earth is flat, with the land masses grouped around the central point of the North Pole. The Antarctic region is not the compact island mass it is commonly believed to be but an impenetrable ice-cold girdle around the earth. The Fl

18、at Earthers argue that transantarctic expeditions have never happened. Explorers, misled by instrument faults, merely traveled an icy arc within the girdle.6. To the International Flat Earth Research Society, mans first landing on the moon was A) one of the most inspiring events in mans history B) o

19、nly a well-conducted experiment C) just a smartly-performed trick D) a science-fiction piece produced by a certain scriptwriter 6. C见第一段最后一句：“But to the International Flat Earth Rearch Society it was nothing more than a piece of cleverly stage-managed science-fiction trickery。7. Which of the followi

20、ng is NOT true about the society? A) It now has about 1,400 members. B) Its headquarters are in both Great Britain and the United States. C) After its foundation in 1800, it was called the Zetetic Society. D) In 1956, Samuel Shenton changed its name to the present title. 7. B第五段第一句即提及“its headquarte

21、rs in Lancaster，说明B项是错误的。8. According to the societys belief,_. A) the earth is flat and the Arctic is an impenetrable icecold girdle around the earth B) the Antarctic region is a compact island mass C) some explorers had made successful transantarctic expeditions D) much of the accepted modem think

22、ing about the shape of the earth is sheer nonsense 8. D A项中 Arctic不对，应为“Antarctic；B)项内容正好与The societys belief相反；文中最后一段说 transantarctic expeditions have never happened, 故C项也不对。9. Which of the following is an appropriate title for the passage? A) The International Flat Earth Research Society B) Mans F

23、irst Landing on the Moon C) The Zetetic Society D) The Evils of Science 9. A B项、C项仅涉及枝节内容，D项或许在该society看来如此，但不宜用作文章标题，而A项那么能概括全文，可为标题。10. This piece is written _. A) in a matter-of-fact way B) in a sarcastic tone C) with a touch of irony D) as a joke 10. C作者看似客观地陈述the society的观点，但文章一开始即正面说明登月实属鼓舞人心的

24、科学成就，而该协会却持有此种观点，自然不无暗讽之意。Questions 11 - 15 are based on the following passage: People can be addicted to different things e. g. , alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive; i. e. ,they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel t

25、hey must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is irrational impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders who buy on credit.charge accounts are even more exciting than money. In

26、other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy. There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look fo

27、r sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, of ten buy things that they dont need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game. When they can buy something for less than other people,

28、they feel that they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason. It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also businesspeople. Stores, companies, and adv

29、ertisers use psychology to increase business: They consider peoples needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods. Psychologists often use a method called behavior therapy to help individuals solve their personal

30、ity problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money.11. According to the psychologists, a compulsive spender is one who spends large amounts of money _. A) and takes great pleasure from what he or she buys B) in order to satisfy his or her basic needs in l

31、ife C) just to meet his or her strong psychological need D) entirely with an irrational eagerness 11. C第一段即指出 compulsive spender是“people who have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy。12. According to the writer, compulsive bargain hunters are in constant search of the

32、lowest possible prices _. A) because they want to save money to help their budgets B) because they can openly boast of their triumph over others in getting things for less C) and will not have money problems if they can keep to their budgets D) but they seldom admit they feel satisfied if they can g

33、et things for less than others 12. D第二段中提及compulsive spenders want to believe that they are helping their budgets，其实并非如此，故A)项不符合文章原意；同一段中，作者说“they feel that they are winning，故并非 openly boastB；C)项明显与文中意思不符；故此题应选D)项。13. Which of the following is true? A) All people spend money for exactly the same rea

34、son that they need to buy things. B) Businesspeople and advertisers can use the psychology of money to increase sales. C) Businesspeople understand the psychology of compulsive buying better than scientists do. D) compulsive bargain hunters do not have problems with money. 13. B)第三段第二行“Storesuse psy

35、chology to increase business即为B)项之意。14. The article is mainly about_. A) the psychology of money-spending habits B) the purchasing habits of compulsive spenders C) a special psychology of bargain hunting D) the use of the psychology of spending habits in business 14. A B)项、C项仅讲述了某一方面，D项是本文的 minor po

36、int，仅一笔带过。综观全文，A项能概括文章的主旨。15. From the passage we may safely conclude that compulsive spenders or compulsive bargain hunters _. A) are really unreasonable B) need special treatment C) are really beyond remedies D) can never get any help to solve their problems with money 15. B)最后一段提及“behavior therap

37、y，因此可得出作者的结论，说明他们需要特殊治疗。Questions 16 - 20 are based on the following passage: I came across an old country guide the other day. It listed all the tradesmen in each village in my part of the country, and it was impressive to see the great variety of services which were available on ones own doorstep

38、in the late Victorian countryside. Nowadays a superficial traveller in rural England might conclude that the only village tradesmen still flourishing were either selling frozen food to the inhabitants or selling antiques to visitors. Nevertheless, this would really be a false impression. Admittedly

39、there has been a contraction of village commerce, but its vigor is still remarkable. Our local grocers shop, for example, is actually expanding in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town. Women sensibly prefer to go there and exchange the local news while doing their shopping,

40、 instead of queueing up at a supermarket. And the proprietor knows well that personal service has a substantial cash value. His prices may be a bit higher than those in the town, but he will deliver anything at any time. His assistants think nothing of bicycling down the village street in their lunc

41、h hour to take a piece of cheese to an old age pensioner who sent her order by word of mouth with a friend who happened to be passing. The more affluent customers telephone their shopping lists and the goods are on their doorsteps within an hour. They have only to hint at a fancy for some commodity

42、outside the usual stock and the grocer, a red-faced figure, instantly obtains it for them. The village gains from this sort of enterprise, of course. But I also find it satisfactory because a village shop offers one of the few ways in which a modest individualist can still get along in the world wit

43、hout attaching himself to the big battalions of industry or commerce.16. The services available in villages nowadays are normally A) fewer but still very active B) less successful than earlier but managing to survive C) active in providing food for the village, and tourist goods D) surprisingly ener

44、getic considering the little demand for them 16. A切会第二段最后一句原文之意：“Admittedly there has been a contraction of village commerce, but its vigor is still remarkable。17. The local grocers shop is expanding _. A) because women spend a lot of their time there just gossiping B) even though town shops are lar

45、ger and rather cheaper C) in spite of the fact that people like to shop where they are less well-known D) for people get personal service in his shop 17. B见第三段第一句“in spite of the competition from supermarkets in the nearest town以及第四段第一句“His prices may be a bit higher。18. The writer implies that one

46、disadvantage of town shops is that _. A) their prices are higher B) people cannot telephone them C) their staff may take less trouble to satisfy customers D) one has to queue up to pay in them 18. C第四段表达乡村小店店员愿为顾客提供多种方便，即暗含城市商店却无此优点。19. How do the village grocers assistants feel about giving extra s

47、ervice? A) They tend to forget it. B) They will not consider it. C) It does not seem worth their while. D) They take it for granted. 19. D第四段中“think nothing of即为“take it for granted之意。20. Another aspect of personal service available in the village shop is that _ A) there is a very wide range of good

48、s available B) rare goods are obtained whenever they are needed C) special attention is given to the needs of wealthier customers D) goods are always restocked before they run out 20. B) 第四段最后一句commodity outside the usual stock说明这些是rare goods；hint at a fancy说明顾客暗示喜欢这些商品。Vocabulary and Structure 2(20

49、 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 1. Mr White

50、was told again and again to _ smoking but he just wouldnt listen. A) cut through C) cut down on B) cut off D) cut away 1 Ccut down on moking作“减少抽烟量解，而 cut off表示“抄近路、“切除之意。2. The Greyhound _ outside of New York Bus Station at 6 p. m. and started for Washington D. C. at 6:20 p. m. A) pulled up C) pull

51、ed out B) pulled down D) pulled on2 Apull up作“在某处停下解。 pull out作“驶离解，后面往往接 ofsomeplace。3. Can you give me another hint without _ the answer? A) giving off C) giving up B) giving away D) giving in 3Bgivingaway作“泄露解。4. Columbus was _ his times in his belief that the Earth was round. A) in front of C) b

52、efore B) in advance D) ahead of 4 Dahead of ones time是“超越时代之意； in advance作“预先、“提前解。5. Nowadays a large number of people buy _ Christmas trees instead of real ones. A) false C) sham B) fake D) artificial 5 Dartificial意为“人造的、“人工创造的； false作“错误的、“虚伪的解；而 fake、sham的意思那么分别为“伪造的、“伪劣的。6. Though he is only 7

53、years old, he has a _ imagination. A) furtive C) frank B) fertile D) furious 6Bfertileimagination意为“丰富的想像力，切合题意。7. The doctor _ me that the discomfort would disappear in a couple of days if I followed his advice. A) assured C) ensured B) confirmed D) confessed 7 Aassured me that.意为“要我放心.8. It is not

54、 considered _ to litter in public. A) respectful C) respected B) respective D) respectable 8 Drespectable作“高尚的、“体面的解； respectful意为“恭恭敬敬的； respected作“受人尊敬的解；而respective那么作“各自的解。9. The industrial community should be close enough to the crowded centers but distant enough to reduce _ hazards (危险). A) fe

55、asible C) potential B) positive D) substantial 9Cpotentialhazards意为“潜在的危险。10. We _ so as not to wake the child. A) whispered C) grunted B) moaned D) muttered 10Awhisper作“低语、“轻声说话解，切合题意。11. Electric eels use charges to _ prey and also stun them before they eat them. A) examine C) determine B) detect

56、D) search 11 Bdetect作“探测到解，而 search作及物动词时，意为“搜查某人、某地， search for亦可用于此题，作“搜索解。12. Metal must be hammered and cooled rapidly to _ internal stress caused by heating. A) retain C) relieve B) release D) replace 12 Crelieveinternal stress意为“减轻内部压力。13. Almost every layman I have met exhibits _ and how they

57、 are written. A) the real curiosity about the songs C) real curiosity about the songs B) a real curiosity about the songs D) a real curiosity about songs 13Dcuriosity虽是不可数名词，因其前面有形容词real，故可以和不定冠词a连用。songs是泛指，不需要加定冠词the。14. Rosa is quiet and introverted (性格内向的), and she objects to _ her living room w

58、ith dozens of people in the apartment. A) share C) having shared B) sharing D) have shared 14 Bobect to doing sth是惯用法，其中 to是介词。 C项时态不对。15. We havent seen our neighbours for over a week. They _ on a trip abroad. A) could go C) may have gone B) must go D) should have gone 15 Cmay have gone表示对过去所发生动作的猜

59、想，符合题意。16. The Government has promised to do _ lies in its power to ease the hardships of the homeless. A) what C) that B) all D) which 16 Awhat引导的名词从句作do的宾语。17. The bartender walked out _ the counter and began to drive the drunk out of the bar. A) from before C) from behind B) from under D) from ac

60、ross 17 Cfrom behind从.后面符合句意。18. _ how to operate a switchboard, I had to ask the office supervisor to show me the correct procedures. A) Not known C) Not to know B) Not knowing D) Having not known18 B分词短语的否认形式 Not knowing how to operate a switchboard作状语，表示原因。不能选D项，因为know表示“知道时，一般不用完成时态，且分词完成时态的否认形式