英文版讲解形合与意合

1、英文版讲解形合与意合PART 01PART 02PART 03WhatWhy HowDefinition01Hypotaxis: The dependent or subordinate construction or relationship of clauses with connectives. e.g.: I shall despair if yon dont come. Definition02Parataxis: The arranging of clauses one after the other without connectives showing the relation

2、 between them. e.g.: The rain fell; the river flooded; the house washed away. Explanation03 西方的哲学思维是分析性的，注重逻辑推理，语句中各成分具有表现语法、逻辑关系的显著外在特征。 相反，汉民族的哲学思维是综合的，注重模糊的思维方式，在语言上主要通过语境和意义来表明逻辑关系。Example031)吃素toabstainfromeatingmeat2)吃劳保toliveonpension3)吃老本toliveoffonespastgainsHypotaxis123relatives conjunctio

3、nsprepositionother connection methods01 relatives who, whom, whose, that, which, what, when, where, why, how conjunctions and, or, but, yet, so, however, as well as, (n)either (n)or , when, while, as, since, until, so-that, unless, lest relatives conjunctions02 It had been a fine, golden autumn, a l

4、ovely farewell to those who would lose their youth, and some of them their lives, before the leaves turned again in a peacetime fall. example03 with, to, in, of ,about, between, through inside, onto, upon, within, without, throughout according to, along with, apart from, because of, in front of, on

5、behalf of, with regard topreposition04 The many colors of a rainbow range from red on the outside to violet on the inside. example05 如形态变化形式，包括词缀变化，动词、名词、代词、形容词和副词的形态变化（如性、数、格、时、体、语态、语气、比较级、人称等）及其保持前后一致的关系(grammatical and notional concord)，广泛使用代词以保持前呼后应的关系。other connection methods06 He boasts that a

6、 slave is free the moment his feet touch British soil and he sells the children of the poor at six years of age to work under the lash in the factories for sixteen hours a day. exampleParataxis123word orderrepetition、parallelism、antithesis、contrast , etc.contracted sentences3four-character idioms01

7、人（若）不犯我，我（则）不犯人。We will not attack unless we are attacked.我不能信任她，因为她不老实。I cant trust her, because she is not honest. word order02 他不来，我不去。（如果他不来，我就不去。）If he wont come here, Ill not go there.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。As you sow, so will you reap. repetition、etc.03 不到黄河心不死。Until all is over, ambition never dies. cont

8、racted sentences04 不进则退Move forward, or youll fall behind.物极必反 Once a certain limit is reached, a change in the opposite direction is inevitable.four-character idiomsCoherenceCohesion12CoherenceCohesioncoherence ：the relationships which link the meanings of UTTERANCES in a DISCOURSE or of the senten

9、ces in a text. These links may be based on the speakers shared knowledge. For example -A: Could you give me a lift home?B: Sorry, Im visiting my sister. There is no grammatical or lexical link between As question and Bs reply, but the exchange has coherence because both A and B know that Bs sister l

10、ives in the opposite direction to As home. cohesion ：the grammatical and/or lexical relationships between the different elements of a text. This may be the relationship between different sentences or between different parts of a sentence. For example: 1. A: Is Jenny coming to the party? B: Yes, she is. There is a link between Jenny and she and also b