一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时

1、教学内容知识点一：一般现在时【知识梳理】(1) 一般现在时的基本结构和变化. 一般现在时的结构 be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+ 其它。.1 am a boy.我是一个男孩。行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加-s或-es.He gets up early in the morning.否定句和疑问句的变化be动词的变化：A.否定句：主语+ be + n ot + 其它。He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + 其它。一Are you a student? -Yes.

2、 I am. / No, Im not.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句Where is my bike?行为动词的变化:A.否定句：主语 + dont( does nt ) +动词原形 什其它)。I dont like bread. / He does ntlike bread.B. 一般疑问句： Do ( Does ) + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它。-Do you ofte n play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont.-Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she does n

3、t.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词 + 一般疑问句。How does your father go to work?（注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则）s help T helps, cleancleans, play plays, wear wears, give gives;s,x, ch, sh 结尾的动词在词尾力口 es dressT dresses, fix Tfixes, watch Twatches, finishTfinishes; 以 辅音字母加y ”结尾的动词，把y 变为 i ，study T studies, carry T carries, fly Tflies ）(2)

4、一般现在时的用法up表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与neveralways, sometimes, often, usually,等副词连用。.I go to school every day except Saturdays and Sun days. My mother often getsat 6 o clock.表示现在的状态，能力，性格，个性。.My father teaches maths.Lin Yan danceswell.表示普遍真理或客观事实。.The earth moves around the sun. The sun rises in the east.【注意】此

5、用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如:Ourphysics teacher said that light travels much faster tha n我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比sound.用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用Iffiwfflm辟翡髯Soos除t箱件、比较等状语从句中,Bej的时。If you come this after noon, we will have a meeti ng.我一到北京就给你发邮件。如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。【例题精讲】例 1. Who is that lady?-She s Miss Green

6、. She us music, and she is so good.A. taughtB. teaches C. will teach D. is teach ing例 2. 1 think I ll take a bus to the meeting.The bus? If you , you will be late.A. doB. have do ne C. will do例 3. Uni ess the weather , we will have to cancel the pic nic.A. improve B. improves C. improved D. will imp

7、rove例 4. We don t know if our friend.If he , well let you know.A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; comes例 5. Our geography teacher told us that the earth _ the sun.A. went around B. goes around C. is going around D. was going around【课堂练习】Look! A dog a bli nd man across the road.A. lead

8、s B. lead C. is lead ing D. ledD. watchesThey usually T V in the evening.A. watch B. will watch C. are watch ing3. He hardlyu p earlyA. gets B. get C.doesnt get D . dont getJohn football.A. likes playi ng B. likes play C. like playFrank usually _ in touch with his primary school teachers by email.A.

9、 keep B. keeps C. kept D. will keep知识点二：一般过去时【知识梳理】(1) 一般过去时的基本结构和变化.定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。.结构：“主语+动词的过去式”.句型转化：be动词的过去时的句型如下：否定句：主语+ be 动词的过去式(was, were ) + not疑问句：be动词的过去式(was, were ) +主语 ？肯定句)他昨天很忙。( 否定句)他昨天不忙。疑问句)他昨天忙吗？房间里没有男孩儿。房间里没有男孩儿。房间里有男孩儿吗？He was busy yesterday. (He was not busy yesterday.W

10、as he busy yesterday? (There weren t any boys in the room.There weren t any boys in the room.Were there any boys in the room?行为动词的否定式和疑问式：A.否定式：行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didn t,弁把这个行为动词改为动词原形T I did not / did nI called Lin Tao yesterday after noon.t call Lin Tao yesterday after noon.I borrowed a book from S

11、un Yang last Sun day.一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式，那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形，弁在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did oa. We stayed there for 10 days last mon th.T Did you stay there for 10 days last mon th? Yes, we did. / No, wedidn t.b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening.T Did Mary have a deliciou

12、s dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, we didn t.(2)规则动词的变化过去式（规则变化）一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-ed。watch T watched pla nt T pla nted以不发音字母e结尾的动词在词尾加-d。like T liked move T moved以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，先变y为i,再在词尾加-ed。study T studied carry T carried重读闭音节动词且词尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写词尾的辅音字母，再在词尾加-ed。stop T stopped shop Tshopp

13、ed过去式（be动词）（不规则变化）am / is T was are T weredo T did(3)不规则动词的过去式和过去分词第一组AAA一cost -cost 2. cut1. cost - cutput 6. set5. put put 一set一cut 3. hitset 7. readhit hit 4. let-read readlet let第二组ABC1. break- broke nechose chose2. choose n3.speak spoke - spoken4. steal stole stole n 5. wakewoke woke n 6. forge

14、t一forgo t一forgotte n took10. drivetake n一gave - give-hid - hidde nn drove - drive wrote - writte .nnrose rise n13. ride rode ridde n 14. eatate eate n第三组ABC-kn ew known1. know -24. fly - flew flow n 5.grow grew grow n 3. throwshow showed show n threw throw n第四组ABB1. build builtbuilt 2. burnbur nt bu

15、r nt 3. mean meant meant4. le nd - -lentlent 5. send-sen sen6.spend一spe nl - spent第五组ABB1.keep - p kept 2 !. sweep一4. leave left.feel一swept - swept 3. sleepfelt felt6. smell一slept - slept-smelt smelt7. lose lost lost 8. lear n learnt - learn t （lear ned learn ed ） went gonget got got 10. do- did - d

16、one11. goe第六组ABBmade made 2. hearheard heard 3. have-had一boughtboughbring - -brought - brought 5 .findfound - foundtthi nk - thought - thought 8. teachtaught - taught第七组ABB1. dig - dug - dug 2. lead led 3. hold-held- held4. meet met met 5. say said 6. pay- paid paidwin wonwon 8, sell- -sold - sold 9

17、. tell- told -toldstand - stood - stood 11 n dersta nd- un dersto0dun derstoodsit sat sat 13. wear- wore worn第八组ABC1. begin - began begu n 2. swim swan swum 3. si ng sang sung4. ring rang rung 5. drink dra nk - drunk 6. come came come7. become became become 8. see saw see n 9. run ran runlaid （放）11.

18、 lie lay lain lyi ng （躺）12. lie lied lied lyi ng（说慌）13. lay laid(4) 一般过去时的用法yesterday,母表示过去呆一时刻或呆一段时间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如:last week (mon th, year.), ago, just now, at the age of,in 1980等连用。如:At the age of ten, she bega n to lear n to play the pia no.十岁的时候，她开始学弹钢琴。 表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。

19、如：When I was a child, I ofte n played football in the street.当我是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。【例题精讲】例 1. Where did you go last weeke nd?一 I to the Great Wall.A. go B. went C. will goD. have gone例 2. Last week Vivian a dress for her mother with her first-month salary.A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. would buy例 3.

20、Oh no! I my book in the lab.A. leave B. leftC. will leaveD. was leavi ng例 4. Your coat fits you well.-Tha nk you. I it whe n I was on vacati on.例 5. My husband always me flowers every week before we got married, but now heneversent; doessent; dosen ds; does C. was going to send; do D.【课堂练习】1. Did Bi

21、lly and Anna find a way out at last?Yes, they a pla n and did it.A. were working out B. worked outout2. Yesterday the teacher told us the earthA. goes around B. went aroundC. are work ing out D. have workedthe sun.C. is going around D. would go arou nd Lucy has to London. How can I get i n touch wit

22、h her?- Don t worry. She will phone you as soon as shethere.A. bee n; will get B. bee n; gets C. gone; will getD. gone; gets Oh, no! I can t find my mobile phone!Well, where you last put it.A. have B. do C. did5.Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol?-Yes, I in Taia n for a week last year and reache

23、d the top of it twice.知识点三一般将来时【知识梳理】(1) 一般将来时的结构will+动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：.I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow.明天早上我町在校口 见你。be going to+动词原形表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，主语一般是人。如：.I am goi ng to be 15 next week.下周我就 15 岁了。 will和be going to 的区别be going to 与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：be going to表示近

24、期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：.He is going to write a letter toni ght.He will write a book one day.be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。.He is seriously ill. He is going to die.will则没有这个意思，如:be goi ng to 含有计划，准备”的意思，而.She is going to have a trip.He will be here in half an hour.在有条件从句的主句中

25、，一般不用be going to,而多用will,如:If any beasts come at you, Ill stay with you and help you.(2)用法tomorrow, soon, n等连用。如 ext :等引导的时间或条件状语从表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如day (week, mon th, year.), i n a few mi nu tes, the day after tomorrow.I will pay a visit to Shan ghai n ext下周我将要去上海旅行。week.当主句为一般将来时，在

26、以 after, whe n, while, as soon as, if, unl窗布，要用一般现在时表示将来。如 ：.I will do it better if the teacher gives me ano ther cha nee.如果老师再给我次机会，我会做得更好的。【例题精讲】例 1. Don ， t away. Bill you look after your dog whe n you are away on bus in ess.A. helps B. will help C. helpi ng D. helped例 2. Just go down this road a

27、nd you _ the library next to the bank.A. see B. saw C. have see n D. will see例 3. With the developme nt of scie nee and tech no logy, robot cooksin our familiesin the future.A. appear B. appeared C. will appearD. were appeari ng例 4. Many scientists believe that robots_able to talk like humans in 50

28、years.A. were B. areC. will be D. have bee n例 5. Have you returned the book to the library yet?-N ot yet. Don t worry. I it soon.A. returnB. returnedC. have returnedD. willreturn【课堂练习】My mind wasn t on what he was saying soI m afraid I half of it.A. missed B. was missi ngC. will missD. would missWe

29、are glad to hear that the Gree ns to a new flat next week.A. moveB. movedC. will moveD. have movedEric won t start the experiment until his teacher him how to do it.D.A. will showB. showC. showsshowedIf you come to the party, youa good time.A. would haveB. haveC. will haveD. to haveLet s enjoy the d

30、ays with our classmates. We our junior high school in two mon ths.A. will finishB. are finishingC. have fini shedD. had fini shed课后作业一Is Jim in the office?-No, heto the dining hall.A. goesB. would go C. has gone D. had gone- I called you this morning, but no body an swered it.一Oh, we some running in

31、 the park.A. are doingB. were doingC. have doneD. didHer sonthe army for two mon ths. She misses him very much.A. has joinedB. has bee n inC. joiD. was inThe reporter said that the UFOeast to west whe n he saw it. nedA. travelsB. traveled C. was traveli ngD. has traveledrm wait ing for my sister. I

32、wont go to see my uncle un tilA. she comes B. she will comeC. she does nt come一 Do you know the En glishma n?一Yes. I him for two years.A. get to knowB. have knownC. knewD. got to knowImy homework; I guess I cant join you.A. dont finishB. did nt fin ishC. have nt fini shedD. wont finishTraveli ng to

33、space is no Ion ger just a dream. Russiathe first hotelD. has builtin space in the n ear future.A. buildsB. will build C. builtWe have bee n friendsA. last year B. one year agoC. since we met last yearD. whe n we metlast year10.-Cin dy? Never! Shedrivi ng.A. has hated B. hatedC. will hate D.hates-Do

34、 you know if Cindy will drive to Italy this weekend?11.- I called you several times this morning, but you did nt an swer.-Sorry. Itennis the whole morni ng.12.13.15.A. playedA. make-Oh, IA. see-No, IB. is playi ng C. would play D. was play inga mistake. Please dont be angry with me.B. madeC. will ma

35、keD. had madea film at that time.B. sawC. is see ingD. was see inghere several times.A. have gone B. have nt gone- Well go for a picnic if itthis Sun day.C. have bee nD. have nt bee n-Wish you a lovely weeke nd.-I teleph oned you yesterday after noon but n obody an swered.14.- Is this your first tim

36、e to Xinjia ng?A. rainB. does nt rainC. wont rain16. HeLuzhou for three mon ths.A. has left B. has come toC. has gone toD. has bee n away from17.my hometown for a long time. I really miss it!A. leftB. went away fromC. have leftD. have bee n away from18.If you come to the party,a goodyoutime.A. would

37、B. haveC. will haveD. tohave19.Mr.in this factory si nee he was twen ty-four yearshaveA. worksB.C. willD. hasworkedworkworkedBrownold.20.-Shush, be quiet! Thein the nextbaby21.A. sleepsB. sleptC. is sleepD. was sleepHefor teningingroom.Oh, sorry.years.A. has beeB.C. gotD. hasmarriemarriedmarriedmarr

38、ied22.-Did you hear some one knocking at the door justmusicnow?-No,sir.A. was liste ningB. liste nedC. am liste ningD.tototowouldlistento23.-What were you doing this time yesterday?on_ the_grass_a nd draw ing a picture.A. A. sitB. satC. am sittD. was sittinging24.一 How was your trip to the ancient v

39、illage?一Fan tastic! Weto a n atural museum of stra nge ston es.A. go B. wentC. are going D. will goI hear Mr. Zhang has gone to Beijing for a meeting.一Really? Do you know whe n heA. leavesB. was leavi ngC. has leftD. left-Sorry, Ia shower.一 Lisa, I called you just now. Where were you?A. takeB. am ta

40、k ingC.was tak ingShethe booktwo days ago.A. has borrowed; sinceb. has kept; sinceC. kept; for一 Where were you at 7:00 last ni ght?to my mom at home.29.D. was writ ing-I cant find Ted for three days. Where is he?-HeBeiji ng for a meeti ng.A. has bee n toB. has gone toC. have bee n toD. have gone to3

41、0. TheyA. have gone toB. have bee n toC. have gone inD.has31.bee n onEn gla nd and they will be back n ext week.youto Nanhu Park a week ago?A. Do; goB. Did; goC. Did; went32.1the book club last week and Itwo books already.A. joi n; readYes. We had aB. jo in ed;rgeoaodd time there.C. jo in ed; have readD. joi n;has read33.Summer holiday is coming. W