一般过去时与现在完成时的用法区别完整

1、一般过去时与现在完成时的用法区别（可以直接使用，可编辑 优秀版资料，欢迎下载）般过去时与现在完成时区别专题一、前言：初一下学期同学们学习了一般过去时态的相关知识，即将到来的初二上学期英语学习中， 现在完成时是重要的学习内容。 本文通过对比一般过去时和现在完成时，对现在完成时进行初步讲解，希望使同学们读新学期的学习有所准备。二、现在完成时现在完成时的构成现在完成时是由助动词 have （has）+ 动词的过去分词构成。助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围。它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。过去分词是主要的谓语动词，说明句子的意义。现在完成时的用法现在完成时表示过去某时发生的行为对主语目前产生的影响。即用

2、过去发生的某个行为来说明现在的某种情况。We are good friends.（ 现在的情况）I knew him in 1997. （过去的动作）We have known each other since 1997.（现在完成时把过去的动作和现在联系起来并着眼于现在）（ 1 ）表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间，但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。常被 just 、 already 、 yet 等副词修饰。如：-Have you had lunch yet?-Yes, I have. Ive just had it.你（已经）吃午饭了吗？ 我刚刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）2 ）表示从过去某一时刻开

3、始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。这个动作可能刚停止，可能仍然在进行。常带有for 和 since 等表示一段时间的状语。如： He has taught here since 1981他自 1981 年就在这儿教书。（可能还要继续教）I havent seen her for four years.我有四年没见到她了。3 ）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，一般译为汉语“过”，常带有twice,ever,never,three times 等时间状语。如： I have been to Beijing twice. 我去过北京二次。3. 现在完成时的时间状语（ 1 ）现在完成时

4、属于现在时范围，故不能和过去的时间状语连用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago 等。但是，在强调动作产生的后果和影响时，可以和一些表示不确定的时间状语连用。用副词 already 和 yet 。 already 一般用于肯定句中， yet 一般用于否定句和 疑问句中。如： We have already finished our homework. 我们已完成作业了。They havent finished their homework yet. 他们还没有完成作业。用 ever 和 never 。多用于否定或疑问句中，表示“曾经”或“

5、从未“等。如： -Have you ever been to the Great Wall? 你曾经去过长城吗？我从未去过长城-I have never been to the Great Wall.c.用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语，如just, before, up to now, the pastfew years 等。例如：I have seen her before, but I can not remember where.我以前见过她，但记不起在哪里见过。He has been there three times the last few days. 近几天他去过那里三次了。d.

6、用包括“现在”在内的时间状语，如： now, today, this morning (month, year, term)等。例如：-Have you met him today? -No, I havent.今天你见过他吗？我没有。How many times have you been there this year? 今年你去过那里多少次？(2)现在完成时可以和带有since或for等表示“一段时间”的状语连用，表示动作或状态从某一时刻开始，一直持续到现在。如： I havent seen him for two years. 但是，像come,arrive,buy等终止性动词不能与表

7、示“一段时间”的状语连用。要用，必须改为“be (在)”等延续性动词来表述。现归纳总结一下由非犯续性动词到延续性动词的转换：arrive - be herebegin(start) be ondie be deadcome back be backleave be awayfall 川(sick,asleep)- be川(sick,asleep)get up be upgo out be outfinish - be overput on - wear 或 be onopen be openjoin - be in 或 be a memberofclose be closedgo to sch

8、ool be a studentborrow - keepbuy havecatch(a cold) have(a cold)get to know knowbegin to study - study come to work work他参军三年了。他父亲去世二年了。电影已开始十分钟了。我们(开始)学英语已三年如： He has been a soldier for three years.His father has been dead for two years.The film has been on for ten minutes.We have studied English fo

9、r three years.4.几点注意事项(1) have been(to) 与 have gone( to) 的区另U: have been(to) 表示 “去过某 地(现在已经回来了)”，可用于各人称；have gone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”，常用于第三人称，前者可与once ,never, several times 等连用，后者则不能。如： They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次。He has gone to Beijing .他去北京了。(2)如单纯表示一段时间，或强调一段时间，虽有 since 一词，也不必用完 成

10、时。如：It is two years since his father died.他父亲去世已有两年了。=His father has been dead for two years.( 3 )终止性动词现在完成时的否定式，已变成一种可以延续的状态，因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。如： I havent left here since 1997. 自从 1997 年以来，我一直没有离开过这儿。表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时，用现在完成时，要加表示一段for 一段时间 , since 时间点。I have lived here since my childhood. 我从小就一直住在这

11、里。I have lived here for 10 years. 我在这已经住了 10 年了。在提问现在完成时的时间状语时通常用 how longHow long have you lived here?注意：在表示某一行为状态持续多长时间时，根据终止时间的不同，时态使用是不一样的。如：去年夏天我在这里住了一周。到现在为止，我已经在这里住了一周。明年我会在这里住一周。I lived here for a week last summer.I have lived here for a week by now.I will live here for a week next year.二、现在

12、完成时与一般过去时的区别 现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态，其结果的确和现在有联系。动作或状态发生在过去，但它的影响现在还存在；而一般过去时表示过去的事 实，不表示和现在的关系。我刚去过伦敦，是上I have just been to London. I went there last month.个月去的。过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情， 强调动作； 现在完 成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday, last week

13、 , ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状 语共同的时间状语:this morning, tonight, this April, now, once， before, already, recently ，lately现在完成时的时间状语for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如 live, teach, learn, work, study, k

14、now.过去时常用的非持续性动词有 come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married 等。举例：I saw this film yesterday.I have seen this film.了。）Why did you get up so early?Who hasnt handed in his paper?（强调看的动作发生过了。）（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道（强调起床的动作已发生过了。）（强调有卷子，可能为不公平竞争。）她已从巴黎回来了。她是昨天回来了。（在团内的状态可延续）（是团员的状态可持续）（ 三年前入团，

15、 joinedShe has returned from Paris.She returned yesterday.He has been in the League for three years.He has been a League member for three years.He joined the League three years ago.为短暂行为。 ）I have finished my homework now.-Will somebody go and get Dr. White?-Hes already been sent for.句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如

16、yesterday, last, week, in 1960 ）时，不能 使用现在完成时，要用过去时。（错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.（对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.三、练习题A. 用 already 或 yetHave they taken down the old pictures _yet_? No, not _havent.Most of us have finished our compositions 阿拉ready_He said he ha

17、dn t visited the exhibition ye_t_.B.用 since 或 forWe have learned five lessons _scincethe beginning of this term.Mrs Liao has been in hospital _scince_last week.I have stayed at my aunt s two weeks.C. 用 have gone 或 have beenWhere are the boy students ? They to the school factory.Is your father in ? N

18、o, he to Shenzhen. he ever therebefore ? Yes, he _ there several timesHe asked me if Ito Hangzhou before.I told him that I wanted to go there for a visit as I never to thatcity before.2. 选择填空Mother me a new coat yesterday. I it on. It fits me well.A. had made have tried B. made have triedC. has made

19、 tried D. made tried“ He to draw horses already” .“ When he“A. learned haB. learned di(C. has learned hDs has learned didTom up into the tree. Look, he high up there !A. has got iB. has climbed wCS got was D. climbed iyou the text yet ? Yes, we it two hours ago.A. Did copy dicB. Have copied havC. Ha

20、ve copied didD. Did copy had“ Why she angry ?”“ Because he atnow . ”A. didget shoutedB. hasgot shoutedC. didget has sedutD. hasgot has shoutedyou the film before ? Where you it ?A. Have seen did seB. Didsee did watchC. Have seen have seeD. Did see have seenYou me waiting for two hours. I for you sin

21、ce five.A. keptwaitedB. have keptwaitedC. kept have waitedD. have kept have waitedWhere John ? To the library. He there for anhour.A. has been has gonB. has gone has been C. did go went D. did be wentthe baby still ? No, it crying.A. Hascried has stoppedB. IscryingstoppedC. Did cry stoppedD. Iscryin

22、ghas stoppedI the way. I here for quite many years.A. knew have lived C. knew eiv C. know have lived D. know liveyou ever America ? Yes, I have.A. Have gone to B. Have gone in C. Have been to D. Have been inMy brother college for over three years.A. has gone to B. has been to C. has been in D. has b

23、een atHe the Army by the end of 1989. He in the army sincethen.A. joined isB. has joined has been C. had joined isD. had joined has beenBy the time I back they up ten satellites.A. came va sent B. came had sent C. come have sent D. had come sentJack over five lessons by seven o clock. Then heA. went

24、took B. wenthad taken C. had gone took D. hadgone had takenWe out by that time that he a spy for a long time.A. had found had been B. had found waC. found had beenD. found wasBefore the news him, he to know about it.A. reaches has got B. reached had got C. reached gotD. had reached gotI him a second

25、 letter before I from him.A. wrote heard B. wrote had heard C. had written heard D. have writtenhearPeople that the soldiers fighting.A. say had stopped B. said has stopped C. say stoppedD. said had stpedWe in a good harvest because we enough rain.A. didn t get had had B. got had had C. had got had

26、ha( D. got hadn t hadThey for five hours when they in New York.A. flewarrivedB. had flownhadvarriC. flew had arrivedD. had flown arrivedShe that it for two days by that day.A. says has rained B. says had rained C. said had rained D. said rainedJohn there since the year before, so he them.A. had work

27、ed knew B. had worked had knownC. worked knew D. worked had knownHe angry because he for a long time.A. had got had waited B. got waited C. had got waited D. got had waited- I have seen the film“ Titanic ” already.-When you it ？-The day before yesterday.A. have ； seen B. will ； see C. did ； see D. d

28、id ； seenMr Black in China since five years ago.A. lived B. has lived C. lives D. is going to liveWe trees last Sunday. So far we over 3， 000trees there.A. planted ； plantedB. planted ； have plantedC. have planted ； plantedD. have planted ； have planted练习答案：1.A. 1) already, yet2) already3) yetB. 1)

29、since2) since3) sinceC. 1) have been2) has gone, Has, been, has been3)have been, have been2. BDACA ADBDCCDDBC ABCDBDCADC BB现在进行时写出下列动词的现在分词agree listen put begin blow meetlook swimopenplaysing dance二 填空1. Look, the childrenskate say haveflysit do(enjoy)themselves in the park.2. John (play) basketbal

30、l now.Mary (watch) TV at themoment.Her sister (listen) to musicnow.Listen, they (sing) and(dance ).Our teacher (stand) now.We (speak) English at themoment.The cat (eat) its fish now.Tom and Ann (skate) now.I (drink) coffee now.三 用所给词的适当形式填空John often (play) football, but he(play) basketball now.The

31、boys often (swim) in the sea,but they (swim) in the river now.We always (play) in the garden, butwe (play) in the park now.Jane often (speak) English, but she (speak) French now.I often (drink) coffee, but I (drink) tea at the moment. your son (read) at the moment?No, he (sleep). you (cook) now? No,

32、 I I (eat) my lunch.The cat (run) after a cat now.Lily (come) from Shanghai.What are you doing? I (sit) now.Mary (drink) tea now. She (drink) tea every morning.My mother (cook) at the moment.What they (do) now? They (watch) TV. you (watch) TV now? No, I you often(play)games in the evening ? Yes, I.H

33、elen working now? No, she (drink) tea.What is she doing? She (write) a letter.What your son(do) now?He(wait) for a bus at the moment.What she? She is singing.四.句型转换She is writing a letter.(对划线部分提问)He is reading a book.( 否定句)I am drawing a picture.(对划线部分提问 )Mary is cooking.(对划线部分提问)My sister is drawi

34、ng a cat.（ 一般疑问句）My parents are watching TV at home.（ 对 划线部分提问）They are speaking English.（否定句）He is playing basketball now.（ 对划线部分 提问）Helen is working at the moment.（一般疑问句）Lily is playing in the park.（对划线部分提问）一般现在时与现在进行时一.选择t s eight o clock. The students anEnglish class.A. have B. is having C. are

35、havingListen! The baby in the next room.A. crying B. cried C. is crying D. criesTom is a worker. Hein a factory. His sistersin a hospital.A. work/ work B. works/ work C. work/ works 4. WhoEnglish best in your class?A. speak B. speaks C. speakingMrs Read the windows every day.A. is cleaning B. clean

36、C. cleansWe music and often to music.A. like/ listen B. like/ are listeningOn Sunday he sometimeshis clothesand sometimes some shopping.A. wash/ do B. is washing/ is doing C. washes/ does 8. The twins usually milk and bread forbreakfast, but Jim some coffee for it.A. have/ have B. have/ has C. has/

37、have二.用所给词的适当形式填空1. Look! He is(wait) for you now.I always(have) breakfast at home.A bird is(fly) over the house. She is(look) at it.What are you doing now? I(walk) over the bridge.He (talk) to his friends at the moment.She(read) a magazine in the room now. 7.There(be) some milk in the cup. 8.Listen

38、! The children(sing). 9.his brother (clean) his teeth everyday?My sister (not) doing her homework.Can you(see) the plane in the sky?You can(put) it in your pocket.How about(swim) at the pool? Itsounds great.Let s (read) an interesting story-book.Here(be) some hot water for you.He always(watch) TV at

39、 home.John often(play) football, but he(play) basketball now.Mary often (watch) TV at night, but she (listen) to the stereo at the momentI often (drink) coffee, but I (drink) tea at the moment.The boys often (swim) in the sea, but they (swim) in the river now.三.翻译句子1.李平不是在读书，她在写信。Li Ping a book. She

40、a letter.2、“格林先生在看电视吗？”他伸扫,He房间。”“Mr GreenTV? ,“ _the house.”.今天天气怎么样？ is the weather today?或is the weathertoday?.我正在通过收音机学(learn)英语。IEnglish on the radio.#KBWhere you from? 或 Whereyou from?我从美国来。 I from America. 或Ifrom America.则7错Danny gos to school at 7:10.Does Jenny has a good friend?He plaies fo

41、otball very well. Brian doesn t lives in China.We dont our homework in theafternoon.Li Ming with me are in Beijing. Are you come from china. I am watch TV. What do he doing?Let s to go shopping.一般将来时与现在进行时一.用所给词的适当形式填空1.He (stand )in the classroom now.2.She (cook) in the kitchen now.3.My father (pai

42、nt) thewall now.4.It(rain) soon.5.I (drink) tea now.They(do) their homework this afternoon.What are you going to do? I (sing).What (be) you (do) tomorrow?.They are going to(wait) for a bus.Don t (drop) the vase.He ( not talk) tohis friends at the moment.What the dog (do)?It s running. He(type ) a le

43、tter for his bosstomorrow. I like( eat ) bananas. She is going to( tell ) me the news. Are you going to sing ? Yes, I( be ).The teacher (speak ) to the students tomorrow.What the girl ( do )? She is going to do her homework.you( paint ) yourbookcase? No, I m going to paint the wall. Now we re (liste

44、n) tothe stereo.二.翻译句子.你在做什么? Whatyou?.他要开门。He _Z_ZZZ_ the door.我儿子现在正在哭。My sonnow.4她今天下午要去游泳。 Shethisafternoon. 猫在吃一只老鼠。The cat.他妈妈在唱歌吗？ his mother _?.她现在正在游泳。Shenow.他们不打算把墙涂成白色。Theypaint thewall.你弟弟要睡觉吗?your brother ?-10我明天要打扫房间。Itheroom tomorrow.三.句型转换1.I m going to drink tea.（划线部分提问）Whatyouto?2.

45、We are waiting for the bus. （否定句）3.She is going to do her homework.（戈 U 线部分提问）is going to do her homework.? 一4.I m going to read a magazine.（戈U线部分提问）Whatyou?5.Emma is going to make the bed.（一般疑问句）Emma going to make the bed6.She is singing in her classroom.（一般疑问singing in her classroom?7. We are goin

46、g to sing. （否定句）Wegoing to sing8. Are you opening the window?（肯定回答）,.9.Is he going to school next month?（否定10. The cat is running after a mouse.（否定The catafter a mouse.Our teacher is reading a text. （一般疑问readingatext?It is going to rain定句）Itrain.I am doing the housework.（一般疑问句） thehouseHe is shaving

47、 now （ 划线部分提问）Whathe?Her brother is going to read the book tomorrow.（划线帝分提问） What her brother tomorrow?初中一年级学案中考英语一般现在时专项练习题及答案第一部分按照要求改写句子Li Ming watches TV every evening.（ 改为否定句）I do my homework every day.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答）He speaks English very well.（改为否定句）I like taking photos in the park.（ 对划线部分提问

48、）John comes from Canada.（对戈 U线部分提 问）She is always a good student.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答）She likes milk.（改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答）Amy s mother likes playing computergames.（改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答）Simon and Daniel like going skating.（改为否定句）Do you often play football after school?（肯定回答）I have many books.（改为否定句）We go to school ev

49、ery morning.（改为否定句）Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis.（改为否定句）She lives in a small town near New York.（改为一般疑问句）I watch TV every day. （改为一般疑问句）David has got a goal.（改为一般疑问句）We have four lessons.（改为否定句）Nancy doesnt run fast.（改为肯定句）My dog runs fast. 否定句： 一般疑问句：Mike has two letters for him.一般疑问句

50、：否定句：I usually play football on Friday afternoon.否定句：一般疑问句：划线提问Sun Yang usually washes some clotheson Saturday.否定句：一般疑问句：划线提问:Mingming waters the flowers day.否定句：一般疑问句：划线提问Tom does his homework at home.否定句：一般疑问句：划线提问最佳答案Li Ming doesnt watch TV every evening.Do you do your homework every day?No,I don

51、t.Does she like milk? Yes,she does.everyDoes Amy mother like playing computer games? No,she doesnt.We dont go to school every morning.He doesnt speak English very well.What do you like doing in the park?John comes from Canada.Where does John come from?Is she always a good student? No,she isnt.Simon

52、and Daniel dont like going skating.Yes,I do.I dont have many books.Gao Shans sister doesnt like playing table tennis.Does she live in a small town near NewYork?Do you watch TV every day?Has David got a goal?We dont have four lessons.Nancy runs fast.My dog doesnt run fast.Does yourdog run fast?Does M

53、ike have two letters for him?Mike doesnt have two letters for him.I dont usually play football on Friday afternoon.Do you usually play football on Friday afternoon?What do you usually do on Friday afternoon?Sun Yang doesnt usually wash any clothes on Saturday.Does Sun Yang usually wash any clothes on Saturday?What does Sun Yang usually do on Saturday?Mingming doesnt usually water the flowers every day.Does Mingming usually water the flowers every day?What does Mingming usually do every day?Tom doesnt do his homework at home.Does Tom do his