电极蒸汽锅炉系统安装使用维护说明

1、 .wd. .wd. .wd.辅助锅炉房电锅炉工程系统安装使用维护说明备注:阶段设计出版日期2011-08-28包含工程设计说明文件审核图纸或图标0批准文件状态CFC总数CAD管理版次0递交文件号HYG-MB20-V7-YZDI024递交文件号HYG-MB20-V7-YZDI014资料名称系统说明版次日期设计审核批准CAD管理备注02011.08.28系统说明Table of Content目录1Functions of the System系统功能61.1Safety classified functions安全分类功能61.2Operational Functions运行功能62Gener

2、al Description of the System系统一般说明72.1System系统72.1.1Feed water System (QHG)给水系统72.1.2Evaporation System (QHA)汽化系统72.1.3Blow down System (QHE)排污系统92.1.4Chemical Dosing System (QCC, QCF)化学加药系统92.1.5Sampling System (QUB)取样系统102.1.6Compressed / Instrument Air System (QHP)压缩空气/仪表系统102.2Main Components主要部

3、件112.2.1Deaerator/Feed water tank除氧器/给水箱112.2.2Feed water pumps给水泵112.2.3Boilers锅炉112.2.4Circulation pumps循环泵122.2.5Make-up water pumps补水泵122.2.6Blow down tank排污罐123Operation of the system系统运行133.1Normal system operating conditions系统正常运行工况133.2Abnormal system operating conditions系统异常运行工况143.3Normal

4、plant operating conditions电站正常运行工况153.4Abnormal plant operating conditions电站异常运行工况153.4.1Effects on the ASGS at failure or malfunctions in associated systems因ASGS故障或辅助系统故障产生的影响154System Design系统设计164.1General Design Basis总体设计根基164.1.1Codes and Standards标准和标准164.1.2Safety Classification安全等级164.1.3Saf

5、ety related design criteria相关安全设计标准164.1.4Protection against Internal Hazards内部危害防护164.1.5Protection against external hazards外部危害防护174.1.6Ambient conditions环境条件174.2Component Design Basis部件设计根基174.3Installation安装184.4Materials材料184.5Electrical and Control Equipment电气和控制设备184.5.1Automatic Control and

6、 On/Off Functions自动控制和开关功能194.5.1.1Boiler锅炉:194.5.1.1.1Start & stop sequences启停顺序194.5.1.1.2Pressure, power and level control of boiler锅炉的压力204.5.1.1.3Circulation pump循环泵214.5.1.1.4Volume control of boiler锅炉水量调节224.5.1.1.5Feed water pump给水泵234.5.1.1.6Min. boiler pressure and reduced pressure最小锅炉压力和减

7、压234.5.1.1.7Conductivity control导电性控制244.5.1.1.8Bottom blow down (sludge removal)锅炉底部排污污泥去除254.5.1.1.9Deaerating the boiler锅炉排气254.5.1.1.10Warm up valves steam line蒸汽管道上的暖管阀264.5.1.1.11Cooling the protective cage安全箱的冷却264.5.1.1.12Heating of boiler during hot standby锅炉热备用期间加热274.5.1.2Feed water tank:

8、除氧器:274.5.1.2.1Pressure control of feed water tank除氧器压力的控制274.5.1.2.2Level control of feed water tank and makeup water pumps除氧器和补水泵的液面控制284.5.1.2.3Overflow control of feed water tank除氧器的溢流控制294.5.1.2.4Standby operation备用操作294.5.1.2.5Deaerating排气294.5.1.3Water treatment (Dosing):水处理加药304.5.1.3.1Hydra

9、zine, (N2H4)联氨304.5.1.3.2Trisodium Phosphate, (crystallized 98% Na3PO4 +12H2O)磷酸三钠，98%的结晶Na3PO4 +12H2O304.5.1.3.3Blow down tank cooling排污罐冷却314.5.2Measurements其他314.5.3Alarm functions报警功能344.5.3.1Common for ASGSASGS的常见状况374.5.3.2Boilers锅炉374.5.3.3Feed water tank除氧器374.5.3.4Dosing tanks加药罐374.5.4Sign

10、al Exchange towards MCR指向MCR的信号交换394.6Associated Systems相关系统495General operational aspects一般操作方面506Technical System Specification系统技术标准517References参考文献538Appendices附录541.Functions of the System系统功能描述1.1 perational Functions使用功能The Auxiliary steam generating system (QH), by means of two medium volta

11、ge electrode boilers, supplies steam to the auxiliary steam system during main plant outage, start-up and shutdown, when steam from the main steam system, or other sources, is not available.本辅助蒸汽系统QH系统采用两台中压电极锅炉在总电站运行中断、开启、停顿期间，以及主蒸汽系统或其他来源的蒸汽不可用时，向辅助蒸汽系统提供蒸汽。In order to achieve the required fast st

12、artup and steam production, the system will normally be in standby operation, at normal operational pressure and temperature by means of low voltage electrical elements (immersion heaters) fitted in the boilers and feed water tank. 为到达快速启动和产生蒸汽要求，本系统通常会处于备用状态，维持正常操作压力和温度。这些工作将由安装在锅炉和除氧器内的380V低压电气元件备

13、用加热器完成。2General Description of the System系统一般说明2.1 System系统说明2.1.1Feed water System (QHG)锅炉给水系统QHG系统Make-up water, demineralized water (QHC) is fed to the feed water tank (00QHJ10 BB010) by make-up water pumps to the sprayer, which is part of the feed water tank. 除氧器00QHJ10 BB010的补水是除盐水QHC系统，是由补水泵00

14、QHC11 AP001/00QHC12AP001和除氧器喷嘴之间的设备完成的。Excess steam/gas flows from the deaerator through a pipe that connects with the safety valves blow-off pipe. A manually shut-off valve (00QHJ10 AA002) on this pipe will be closed after when there is no filling of the tank. Two orifice plates (00QHJ10 BP003/004)

15、 is fitted to optimize the flow of the excess steam. During standby operation the valve is closed, in order to save energy.除氧器内的过量蒸汽及其他气体通过排气管道排出。在除氧器内充水后，此管道上的手动切断阀(00QHJ10 AA002)关闭。两个孔板(00QHJ10 BP003/004)将调整成最有利于过量蒸汽排出的状态。为了节能，在设备备用期间此阀门将处于关闭状态。The feed water tanks water level is maintained by reg

16、ulating the control valve (00QHC10 AA003) for the demineralized makeup water to the feed water tank. Control signal 0-100% regulates the makeup water valve 0-100%.除盐补水在除氧器内的水位是通过调节控制阀(00QHC10 AA003)来维持的。控制信号0-100%调节补水阀0-100%。The feed water tanks pressure, and indirect its temperature, is maintained

17、by regulating the control valve (00QHF30 AA004) for the steam from the boilers to the feed water tank.通过调节锅炉供应除氧器蒸汽的调节阀，可保持除氧器的压力及对应的温度。The steam is lead to the bottom of the tank and passed through spreader pipes which create a circulation and thus a good mixing in the tank. 除氧蒸汽通过除氧器内扩散器管道从除氧器底部进入

18、除氧器，这样有利于蒸汽与水的充分混合。One pressure relief valve (safety valve 00QHJ10 AA010) is fitted on the tank to prevent an excess pressure in case there is a problem with the pressure control. 除氧器安装一个安全阀安全阀00QHJ10 AA010，用于防止压力控制出现问题时造成的超压事故。The water is pumped from the feed water tank to the respective boiler by

19、 the feed water pumps.从除氧器内出来的水再由给水泵输送到各自应流向的锅炉内。There is one pump for each boiler (00QHG11 AP001 and 00QHA12 AP001). Each pump is designed for 100% of the flow.每台锅炉都配有一台给水泵(00QHG11 AP001 和 00QHA12 AP001)，每台泵都按100%的流量设计。The selected feed water pump is running continuously during normal operation. If

20、 the selected pump fails and shuts down, the spare pump (00QHG13AP001) will automatically start. Correspondingly the on-off valve 00QHG14AA001 opens to boiler 00QHA10AC010 and on-off valve 00QHG15AA001 opens to boiler 00QHA20AC010.设备正常运行期间，给水泵是连续运行的。如果给水泵不能正常工作，那么备用泵(00QHG13AP001)会自动启动。相对应的，备用切换开关阀0

21、0QHG14AA001为锅炉00QHA10AC010开启，而备用切换开关阀00QHG15AA001对应锅炉00QHA20AC010开启。During standby or if the boiler pressure is below a set value the feed water control valve (00QHG11/12 AA006) is closed before a pump is started and the opening of the valve is reduced to a set value to remove the risk for cavitatio

22、ns in the pump due to high flow.在设备备用期间或当锅炉压力低于设定值时，开启另一个泵之前，给水控制阀(00QHG11/12 AA006)将关闭，同时阀门的开度会调整到一个设定值，以防止给水泵带来的汽蚀不安全。During standby operation the feed water pump fills the boiler between two water volume set points.设备运行期间，给水泵的给水量处于两个水量设定值之间。Each pump has a minimum flow valve (00QHG11/12/13 AA003)

23、, which secures the pumps minimum flows. The min flow valves will open automatically at set pressure and the water is pumped back to the feed water tank.给水泵有最低流量阀(00QHG11/12/13 AA003)，用于维持泵的最小流量。在设定压力下，最低流量阀将自动开启，然后水会被泵回除氧器内。An on/off valve (00QHE16AA002), fitted below the tank, acts as overflow pro

24、tection: 安装在除氧器底部的开关阀(00QHE16AA002)起到溢流的作用：If the feed water tank water level should reach the set high limit, this valve will open until the level is below the set value for closing the valve. 如果除氧器内的水位到达了最高上限，那么此开关阀会开启，直到水位低于设定值后再自动关闭。During standby operation the feed water tank is kept warm and p

25、ressurized by two electric elements (00QHJ10 AH001/AH002, 2x50% capacity), which are engaged at the set limit (on/off control). To ensure the fastest possible start-up, the set limit for warm keeping will be equal to operational temperature. 设备备用期间，除氧器的保温和保压工作由两个电器元件(00QHJ10 AH001/AH002, 2x50KW)完成，这

26、两个电加热器温控运行开关控制。为保证最快速度的开启设备，保温的设定限制将约等同于供气温度。The feed water tanks pressure, and indirect its temperature, is maintained by regulating the control valve (00QHF30 AA004) for the steam from the boilers to the feed water tank.通过调节锅炉供应除氧器蒸汽的调节阀，可保持除氧器的压力及对应的温度。The steam is lead to the bottom of the tank

27、and passed through spreader pipes which create a circulation and thus a good mixing in the tank. 除氧蒸汽通过除氧器内扩散器管道从除氧器底部进入除氧器，这样有利于蒸汽与水的充分混合。One pressure relief valve (safety valve 00QHJ10 AA010) is fitted on the tank to prevent an excess pressure in case there is a problem with the pressure control.

28、除氧器安装一个安全阀安全阀00QHJ10 AA010，用于防止压力控制出现问题时造成的超压事故。The water is pumped from the feed water tank to the respective boiler by the feed water pumps.从除氧器内出来的水再由给水泵输送到各自应流向的锅炉内。There is one pump for each boiler (00QHG11 AP001 and 00QHA12 AP001). Each pump is designed for 100% of the flow.每台锅炉都配有一台给水泵(00QHG1

29、1 AP001 和 00QHA12 AP001)，每台泵都按100%的流量设计。The selected feed water pump is running continuously during normal operation. If the selected pump fails and shuts down, the spare pump (00QHG13AP001) will automatically start. Correspondingly the on-off valve 00QHG14AA001 opens to boiler 00QHA10AC010 and on-o

30、ff valve 00QHG15AA001 opens to boiler 00QHA20AC010.设备正常运行期间，给水泵是连续运行的。如果给水泵不能正常工作，那么备用泵(00QHG13AP001)会自动启动。相对应的，备用切换开关阀00QHG14AA001为锅炉00QHA10AC010开启，而备用切换开关阀00QHG15AA001对应锅炉00QHA20AC010开启。During standby or if the boiler pressure is below a set value the feed water control valve (00QHG11/12 AA006) is

31、 closed before a pump is started and the opening of the valve is reduced to a set value to remove the risk for cavitations in the pump due to high flow.在设备备用期间或当锅炉压力低于设定值时，开启另一个泵之前，给水控制阀(00QHG11/12 AA006)将关闭，同时阀门的开度会调整到一个设定值，以防止给水泵带来的汽蚀不安全。During standby operation the feed water pump fills the boile

32、r between two water volume set points.设备运行期间，给水泵的给水量处于两个水量设定值之间。Each pump has a minimum flow valve (00QHG11/12/13 AA003), which secures the pumps minimum flows. The min flow valves will open automatically at set pressure and the water is pumped back to the feed water tank.给水泵有最低流量阀(00QHG11/12/13 AA0

33、03)，用于维持泵的最小流量。在设定压力下，最低流量阀将自动开启，然后水会被泵回除氧器内。An on/off valve (00QHE16AA002), fitted below the tank, acts as overflow protection: 安装在除氧器底部的开关阀(00QHE16AA002)起到溢流的作用：If the feed water tank water level should reach the set high limit, this valve will open until the level is below the set value for closi

34、ng the valve. 如果除氧器内的水位到达了最高上限，那么此开关阀会开启，直到水位低于设定值后再自动关闭。During standby operation the feed water tank is kept warm and pressurized by two electric elements (00QHJ10 AH001/AH002, 2x50% capacity), which are engaged at the set limit (on/off control). To ensure the fastest possible start-up, the set lim

35、it for warm keeping will be equal to operational temperature. 设备备用期间，除氧器的保温和保压工作由两个电器元件(00QHJ10 AH001/AH002, 2x50KW)完成，这两个电加热器温控运行开关控制。为保证最快速度的开启设备，保温的设定限制将约等同于供气温度。2.1.2Evaporation System (QHA)蒸汽系统QHA系统The electrode boiler has an inner vessel mounted on ceramic insulators inside the shell (outer ve

36、ssel). The three phase electrodes (00QHA10 AH101 for boiler 10 and 00QHA20 AH101 for boiler 20), each consisting of a number of bars mounted on a single electrode plate, are located in the inner vessel. Each electrode is suspended in insulated bushings (hollow ceramic insulators) at the top of the b

37、oiler. The inner vessel, which also forms the neutral point of the electrical system, divides the boiler into two water chambers (inner and outer). 锅炉分为内筒和外筒。电极锅炉的内筒通过陶瓷绝缘件安装在外筒内部上方。每个三相电极(三相电极00QHA10 AH101供锅炉10所用 ，00QHA20 AH101供锅炉20所用)包含假设干个安在单电极盘上的金属电极棒，并被固定在内筒上方。电极被悬在锅炉顶部的绝缘套管上中空的陶瓷绝缘件。锅炉内筒将成为电气系

38、统的中性点。Electric power is converted directly into heat as the current flows through the water. The current passing through the water is a function of the active surface area of the electrodes and the boiler waters conductivity. The current is controlled by regulating the water level, thus varying the

39、active electrode area. The level is raised by closing the valve in the bottom of the inner vessel (00QHA10 AA101 for boiler 10 and 00QHA20 AA101 for boiler 20) and at the same time opening the valve in the circulation pipe (00QHM01 AA003 for boiler 10 and 00QHM02 AA003 for boiler 20). The level is l

40、owered by doing the inverse.炉水导电，电能被转化成热能。炉水的电流与电极的有效外表积以及炉水电导率具有函数关系。电流的控制是通过水位的调节，进而改变电极被浸没的有效面积完成的。关闭内筒底部阀门(00QHA10 AA101 供锅炉10 用，00QHA20 AA101 供锅炉20用)，并同时开启循环管道上的阀门(00QHM01 AA003供锅炉10 用，00QHM02 AA003供锅炉20用)，可使锅炉水位上升。反向操作那么降低水位。As long as the load does not exceed the power set point (max. allowed

41、 powered), it is the boilers steam pressure that is controlled. 只要载荷不超过功率设定点允许的最大功率就可控制锅炉的蒸汽压力。The water volume in the respective boiler is kept constant at set level by regulating the control valves (00QHG11 AA006 for boiler 10 and 00QHG12 AA006 for boiler 20) on the boilers respective feed water i

42、nlet pipe. The volume is calculated from the levels of both the inner and outer (boiler) vessel.通过调节各锅炉给水管上的控制阀(00QHG11 AA006供锅炉10 用， 00QHG12 AA006供锅炉20用)，即可使锅炉内水量保持设定值，恒定不变。水量可通过计算锅炉内、外筒的水位得出。The water is circulated from the outer vessel (boiler vessel) to the inner vessel by a circulation pump. 锅炉

43、外筒的水通过循环泵泵入内筒。There are two circulation pumps (2x100%) for each boiler (00QHM11/12 AP001 and 00QHM21/22 AP001).每个锅炉有两个(2x100%)循环泵(00QHM11/12 AP001 和 00QHM21/22 AP001)。If the selected pump fails and shuts down, the other pump will automatically start.如果一个泵因自身故障停顿运行，那么备用泵会自动启动。The flow is approximatel

44、y 180 m3/h. At operation, keeping the level of the inner vessel steady, means that the control valves for inner vessel and circulation pipe will be approximately 50% open, which means there is always a reflow of water from the inner to the outer vessel.循环泵流量约为180 m3/h。运行时，保持内筒水位恒定那么意味着内筒和循环管道上的控制阀需要

45、翻开50%左右，以保持内外两筒始终有水流动。The forced circulation system ensures a fast start-up and shut-down. The constant mixing of water also eliminates the risk for a salt concentration at the surface, which otherwise would occur.强制循环系统可保证锅炉快速调整功率。炉水的充分混合也防止了炉水外表含盐浓度过高的不安全。After the pumps (00QHM11/12AP001 for boile

46、r 10 and 00QHM21/22AP001 for boiler 20) there is an orifice plate (00QHM11/12 BP001 for boiler 10 and 00QHM21/22 BP001 for boiler 20) for ensure that the pumps dont cavitate.循环泵(00QHM11/12AP001 供锅炉10用，00QHM21/22AP001供锅炉20用)的出口装有孔板(锅炉10的为00QHM11/12 BP001 ，锅炉20的为 00QHM21/22 BP001)，用于防止泵气蚀。In the PLC p

47、rogram the outgoing signal to control valve (00QHM01AA003 for boiler 10 and 00QHM02AA003 for boiler 20) is minimized to 5 % to ensure the minimum water flow.在PLC程序中，向控制阀(锅炉10的为00QHM01AA003，锅炉20的为00QHM02AA003) 发出的信号最小值为5%，以保证最低流量。The boiler waters conductivity is maintained by regulating the intermit

48、tent blow down valve (00QHE02AA001 for boiler 10 and 00QHE22AA001 for boiler 20), which blows water from the inner vessel to the blow down tank.炉水电导率的控制靠排污阀(锅炉10为00QHE02AA001 ，锅炉20为00QHE22AA001)间歇调节实现。排污阀把内筒排污水间歇性排放到排污罐内。A conductivity meter (00QHM01CQ001 for boiler 10 and 00QHM02CQ001 for boiler 20

49、) is fitted in the circulation pipe. 循环管道上安有电导率仪(锅炉10的为00QHM01CQ001，锅炉20 的为00QHM02CQ001)。For removing precipitated solids(sludge),the blow down valve (00QHE01 AA001/AA002 for boiler 10 and 00QHE11 AA001/AA002 for boiler 20), will open manually and blow water from the bottom of the boiler to the blow

50、 down tank.当排除锅炉内的沉淀物(污泥)时，手动开启排污阀(锅炉10的为00QHE01 AA001/AA002，锅炉20的为 00QHE11 AA001/AA002)后，炉水会从锅炉底部被排到排污罐里。During standby operation the boilers are kept warm and pressurized by two electric elements (00QHA10 AH001/AH002 for boiler 10 and 00QHA20 AH001/AH002 for boiler 20, each with a capacity of 50%)

51、, which are engaged at the set limit (on/off control). To ensure the fastest possible start-up, the set limit for warm keeping will be 190.设备备用期间，锅炉的恒温和恒压由备用加热器锅炉10的为00QHA10 AH001/AH002，锅炉20的为00QHA20 AH001/AH002，各有50%的容量 完成，以保证其处于设定限制内开关控制。为保证设备的快速启动，热备用期间保温的设定值为190。For ventilating the protective ca

52、sing (10kV connection box), there is a fan (00QHA10 AN001 for boiler 10 and 00QHA20 AN001 for boiler 20), which starts when the 10kV breaker is engaged and stops when the 10kV breaker stops.关于保护罩10kV接线盒的通风：两锅炉各有一风扇(锅炉 10为00QHA10 AN001，锅炉20为00QHA20 AN001)，随10kV断路器的启停而启停。For deaerating (venting) durin

53、g startup sequence the boiler, there is a valve on the steam outlet (00QHF12 AA001 for boiler 10 and 00QHF22 AA001 for boiler 20), which opens when the boiler pressure is below the set open limit and closes when the pressure reaches the set close limit. The venting pipe connects with the safety valv

54、es blow-off pipe. During stand-by operation the valves are closed.在启动顺序中，锅炉排废气：蒸汽出口处有一个阀门(00QHF12 AA001用于锅炉10，00QHF22 AA001用于锅炉20)，当锅炉压力低于设定的开启限值时阀门开启，当锅炉压力到达设定的关闭限值时阀门关闭。排气管道与安全阀排出管相连。备用期间，此阀门处于关闭状态。Two pressure relief valves (safety valves 00QHF10 AA001/002 for boiler 10 and 00QHF20 AA001/002) are

55、 fitted on the respective outgoing steam line to prevent an excess pressure in case there is a problem with the pressure control. Each valve is designed for 50% of the flow.锅炉各有两个安全阀(安全阀 00QHF10 AA001/002锅炉10，00QHF20 AA001/002锅炉20)，用以防止压力控制出现问题时产生超压事故。各阀设计流量均大于最大排放量的50%。As the produced steam has a h

56、igher pressure than what is required by the auxiliary steam system, the pressure is reduced by regulating the control valve (00QHF10 AA005 for boiler 10 and 00QHF20 AA005 for boiler 20) on the steam outlet pipe. This control valve is also used for securing that the boiler pressure doesnt fall below

57、a set limit (min. pressure). If the pressure falls below this limit, the valve will close in order to maintain boiler pressure. This is important because the conductivity is proportional to the water temperature and if the pressure falls, temperature falls and so does conductivity, which in turn mak

58、es the power fall. The “min. pressure control prevents this chain of events. 由于锅炉产生的蒸汽压力高于辅助蒸汽系统要求的压力，所以需调节蒸汽出口管道上的控制阀(00QHF10 AA005用于锅炉10，00QHF20 AA005 用于锅炉20)以降低压力。同时，此控制阀还用于防止锅炉供汽压力低于设定限值最低压力。锅炉压力的控制非常重要，因为炉水的电导率与水温是成比例的，如果压力降低，水温就会降低，进而导致电导率降低，这样就会致使锅炉功率降低。对“最低压力的控制就可防止这一连锁反响。A control valve (00

59、QHF10 AA101 for boiler 10 and 00QHF20 AA101 for boiler 20), bypasses the min./reduced pressure control valve and is used for preheating/-pressurizing the steam pipe at start-up. During standby operation the steam pipe between the respective boiler and the terminal point to the auxiliary steam system

60、, is kept warm and pressurized by regulating this valve. 锅炉出口控制阀旁通最小/降压控制阀(00QHF10 AA101用于锅炉10，00QHF20 AA101用于锅炉20)，且设备启动时，此控制阀还用于预热/加压蒸汽管道。设备备用期间，通过调节此阀门可以维持锅炉与辅助蒸汽系统间蒸汽管道的保温和加压。For steam flow measurement a measurement (00QHF40 CF001) is fitted in the common steam pipe. The flow transmitter (00QHF4