2020上海长宁、嘉定、金山高三英语一模试卷附答案

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业专心-专注-专业精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上专心-专注-专业2020上海长宁、嘉定、金山高三英语一模试卷附答案. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with t

2、he proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.A Grateful Patient I took a job as a receptionist for a vet（兽医）almost five decades ago. As an enthusiastic animal lover, I accepted the position on the condition (21) _ U wouldnt have to assist with any wo

3、unded animals. I didnt have the courage (22) _ (watch) any creature in pain. At the end of my first week, we were closing the office for the day (23) _ a young man ran up to us holding a severely injured Doberman puppy（杜宾幼犬）in his arms and begging us to save his life. The four-month-old puppy had be

4、en hit by a car. The doctor and I ran back into the operating room. The only place (24) _ the skin was still attached to his poor little body was around one shoulder. The vet worked tirelessly for what seemed like hours, (25) _ (sew) him back together again. That was the easy part. The puppy had bro

5、ken multiple bones, including his back. (26) _ _ he survived the next few days, we were quite sure he would never walk again. The day forever changed my life. I became the vets assistant in all things medical. One of my first jobs was to give that Doberman puppy daily physical therapy. Weeks went by

6、 until one day he finally recovered. Fast - forward about a year. I walked into the clinics (27) _ (crowed) waiting room and called the name of the next client. Suddenly, a huge Doberman ran toward me. I found (28) _ pinned against the wall with this magnificent dog standing on his back legs, his fr

7、ont paws（爪子）on my shoulders, washing my face with plentiful and joyful kisses! I still tear up in amazement (29) _ the display of love and gratitude the dog had for me that day all those years ago. I went on to be a vet technician for 14 years, and since retirement, I have volunteered at a no-kill a

8、nimal shelter. In all the time that has passed and all the experiences I have had, Ive never met a dog who didnt know that it (30) _ (rescue) in one way or another.Section BDirections: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one

9、word more than you need.A. achievement B. captured C. championed D. conveniently E. distractF. executive G. manageable H. memorable I. publicizing J. reluctantlyK. revealMarketing the Moon An astronaut, a little hop and a witty quote: Neil Armstrongs first lunar（月球的）footstep is deep-rooted in the mi

10、nds of all humankind. But that first moon landing might not have been such a(n) _31_ moment if it werent for NASAs clever PR (Public Relations) team. Richard Jurek is a marketing _32_ and co-author of the book marketing the Moon: The Selling of the Apollo Lunar Program. He says NASAs move to real-ti

11、me, open communication made the 1969 Apollo 11 landing“the first positive viral event that _33_ the worlds attention.” Before NASA was established in 1958, rockets were the militarys territory; that secretiveness carried over into the space agencys early days. At first, NASA followed a“fire in the t

12、ail”rule, only _34_ a rockets launch when it was successfully in the air. But as the agency evolved, it started announcing more details about the Apollo program. It _35_its astronauts, talked openly about mission goals and challenges, and shared launch times so people could watch.“If it had been run

13、 like it was under the military,”Jurek says,“we would not have had that sense of drama, that sense of involvement, that sense of wonder, that _36_.”Instead, all the PR and press promotion in the years ahead of Apollo 11 brought the human spaceflight program into peoples living rooms and imaginations

14、. As the drama neared its peak, NASAs PR officials pushed for live TV broadcasts of the first humans to walk on the moon. Not everyone thought it was a good idea. The technology for live lunar broadcasts, and cameras small enough to keep the cargo _37_, didnt exist at the point. Some engineers worri

15、ed that developing that equipment would _38_ from efforts to achieve the landing itself. But NASAs communications team argued that telling the story was as vital as the _39_ itself. Live TV would bring the American people - and international viewers - along for the ride. Come landing day, which _40_

16、 fell on a Sunday, more than half a billion people worldwide crowded around TVs and radios for the historic moment.“We were able to come together and do something that was exciting and interesting and brought the world together,”says David Meerman Scott, marketing strategist and co-author of Marketi

17、ng the Moon.“I dont know that weve done anything like that since.”. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Ancient creatures likely

18、evolved the stress response to better escape from hunters. But today its causes include traffic, deadlines and first dates. According to a 2018 American Psychological Association survey of more than 3,000 people, the top _41_ are work, money, the economy and health. Although everyone faces stress, p

19、eople react to it _42_.“Theres the situation, how we _43_ the situation, and then our skills at handling the situation,”says psychologist William Lovallo of the University of Oklahoma. _44_ experiences help us assess appropriate responses, so most people improve with age.“A high school student or a

20、college student might not have those _45_ skills and might let a situation get out of hand,”he adds. Most _46_have normal stress responses, regulated to give the right burst of hormones（激素）and bodily changes for a particular stressor. But others always over-or under-react, which may be a warning sig

21、n for physical or mental _47_. To study this, scientists often monitor cortisol（皮质醇）or heart rate variations throughout the day and during trying tasks. _48_, the intensity of these responses seems to be set from a young age. Studies have shown that people who experienced childhood hardships - inclu

22、ding physical punishment and a(n) _49_ home - are more likely to have quiet stress reactions as adults. For example, as part of a study published in 2012, Lovallo exposed 354 participants to moderate stress. People who self-reported early-life _50_ actually had lower heart rates and cortisol levels

23、than other participants. While the study tasks were not important, the individualsunder-reactions suggest their stress response may also have trouble _51_ when it really matters. It can be just as _52_ as an extreme response. Other research has found links between childhood conflict, abnormally low

24、adult stress and substance misuse. Though the biology is not fully understood, its suggested that early - life neglect or suffering _53_ the bodys stress pathways. Even before birth, a child can _54_ parental stress. The phenomenon is well - demonstrated in rats and mice, and some papers have shown

25、the same association _55_. For example, babies born to mothers who survived the 9/11 attacks all had how cortisol levels.41. A. stressors B. responses C. secretes D. concerns 42. A. appropriately B. differently C. normally D. mentally43. A. improve B. influence C. describe D. evaluate44. A. Valuable

26、 B. Professional C. Previous D. Constant45. A. coping B. living C. learning D. acting46. A. adults B. researchers C. students D. monitors47. A. functions B. disorders C. variations D. abilities48. A. By the way B. In some cases C. On the contrary D. As a result49. A. independent B. distinguished C.

27、unstable D. extended50. A. education B. experience C. involvement D. difficulty51. A. racing up B. showing up C. taking up D. keeping up52. A. impressive B. insignificant C. positive D. unhealthy53. A. smooths B. follows C. dulls D. destroys54. A. endure B. relieve C. increase D. inherit55. A. betwe

28、en animals B. in humans C. with society D. of importanceSection BDirections: Read the following three passage. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the informat

29、ion given in the passage you have just read.(A) I live in a second - floor flat with an ancient tree right on the corner of the house. House and tree have been here, side by side, for well over a century. No one really knows how old the tree is, but it was already there when builders started on the

30、house at the beginning of the 1900s. It was still rather young and flexible back then, so it easily welcomed the new structure into its path. it bent and adjusted itself to make room, and to find the space to grow big and strong and wise. Which means that some hundred years later, the solid, strong

31、branches of the tree reach around two full sides of my home. Its covered in mass（苔藓）, which is, in turn, crawling with all sorts of inseets. I have never seen the insects, by the way, I just know that theyre there because of all the birds trying to pick them out. They are always hopping around, look

32、ing for this and that and singing songs. I feel like I have become part of the ecosystem. When Im eating breakfast or making dinner in the kitchen, I can look out and see a bird hopping around skillfully, gathering its own meal while I tend to mine. When Im sitting in the living room, reading or dri

33、nking tea, I can suddenly find myself face to face with another bird. Well be staring at each other and, after some time, decide we can both carry on with our business. Living side by side. Even as I write this - the large windows open to a lovely, soft evening - a white feather comes floating down

34、by my side. Probably from one of the resident pigeons. As I dont have the luxury of a garden, this tree makes me fell connected to the outdoors. Such an ancient tree, a tree that is itself home to many other creatures - that feels different. It is as if it has adopted me and made me a part of its wo

35、rld, without ever asking for something in return. But if needs be, I know that it can count on me and I will protect it with all my strength.56. The flat that author lives in is _.A. built in an ancient tree B. hugged by a giant treeC. decorated with branches D. surrounded by a garden57. In the auth

36、ors description, she implies that _.A. birds keep her warm company B. she has been living on tree productsC. moss makes her flat nice and cool D. she has been bothered by the insects58. What does the author really treasure?A. A close - to - nature life. B. A luxurious garden.C. A spacious house. D.

37、A sociable neighbor.59. Which of the following can be used to express the authors feeling?A. Jealous. B. Inferior. C. Content. D. Passionate.(B)The Sleep of Your DreamsAccording to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, a third of us dont get nearly enough shut-eye. Our collective tiredness

38、 has promoted a $41 billion market for devices promising more - and higher - quality - sleep. In my everlasting search for downtime, I tested some of the most promising ones. Heres how they stacked up.Eight sleep tracker$299This mattress（床垫）topper fits under a sheet and“turns any bed into a smart be

39、d,”according to Eight. While I slept, the sensor - decorated pad gathered data like heart rate, periods of deepest sleep, and number of turns. It was easy to use, and I liked the warming feature, which let me set each side of the bed to a different temperature.REM Score :8 (out of 10)Dream-pad pillo

40、w$149 and upThe Dream-pad uses smooth soundscapes to help you power down. Connect the device to your phone via Bluetooth or USB, and the pillow emits soft music, audible only to you as you lay your head down. There are ten tracks on offer. I didnt drift off any faster with the Dream-pad, but it did

41、help me fall back asleep when I woke up at night.REM Score: 6Smart Nora Wireless Snoring Solution$299My eight-hour restful happiness is frequently interrupted by my husbands snoring. The Smart Nora relieves me of the need to push him. When the bedside audio sensor detects a breathing disturbance, it

42、 slowly blows up the offenders pillow, gently shifting them into a freer - breathing position. My husband sometimes woke up briefly but was soon asleep again.REM Score: 8Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System$149The Nightingale is hi - tech. Two app - enabled units wrap the room in a blanket of warm so

43、und. You can also program the system to provide weather and traffic information when you wake up. The only downside: in standby mode, it emits a faint noise.REM Score: 9* REM: rapid eye movement (describes a period of sleep during which you dream and your eyes make small movements)60. By“how they st

44、acked up”in paragraph 1, the author probably means“how they _.”A. make sense to manufacturers B. get stuck in storesC. are compared with each other D. are piled up together.61. Which of the following devices favourably reacts to users?A. Dream-pad pillow B. Eight sleep tracker C. Smart Nora Wireless

45、 Snoring Solution D. Nightingale Smart Home Sleep System62. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. The Eight keeps the entire bed at the same temperature.B. The Nightingale is an economical but perfect device.C. Soft music is applied to all these four devices.D. One in

46、 three people suffer from sleep problem.(C) An epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But way some travel far and wide while

47、 equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scientists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger“epidemics”than

48、 equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study.“This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.”says senior author Aaron

49、 Clauset, also at Boulder. Not only is this unfair -“it reveals a big weakness in how were doing science,”says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not en

50、d up at top institutions.“They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting lost,”DeDeo says.“Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.” The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a dat

51、abase of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer science spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for this movement a little more than a third of the time - and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher- t

52、o lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea“epidemic”(as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating inst

53、itution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science. The researchersmodel suggests that there“may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,”Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less fa

54、mous places, he says:“You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people dont know because theyre not even paying attention.”63. The word“this”in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that _.A. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spreadB. the quality of

55、the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintainC. good ideas from less important institutions lack influenceD. scholars in insignificant institutions consider their ideas valueless64. The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate _.A. the statistics the epidemological model provides

56、for the researchersB. why the originating institutions transfer their new findingsC. how they carry the ideas from lower - to higher - status institutionsD. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects65. Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about _.A. losing quite

57、 a number of great and creative thoughtsB. missing the opportunities of getting more well-knownC. misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areasD. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. In

58、fectious Diseases B. Original Ideas C. Idea Epidemic D. Epidemiological ModelSection CDirections: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.A. So we try to push bac

59、k the tide and keep up by multi - tasking.B. No wonder people say theyre too busy to see friends, exercise or sleep.C. Would it surprise you to hear that we have more leisure time today than ever?D. How can we learn to spend time in a way thats more likely to lead to happiness and success?E. Its som

60、ething that economist have been puzzling over and theyve identified several reasons.F. Then you will have fewer empty experiences and far ore that are worthy of your precious time.The Fullness of Time Most of us think we have very little time, but the truth is we actually have a lot - on average, fi