高中英语新教材必修三课后习题Unit4WeletotheunitReading（2）含答案

1、Unit4 ScientistswhochangedtheworldWelcometotheunit&Reading基础知识过关I .单词拼写l.The country chose to (实施)research work on 12 types of vaccines from 10 research units across the country.ve never cooked this before so its an (试验).While piggy banks(存钱罐)teach children the (智慧)of saving, large quantities of inf

2、ormation about saving are also updated for adults.You,d better watch some Chinese TV programs, for example, CCTV-NEWS, which will help you correct your pronunciation (错误).Well have to (延迟)the meeting until next week.She took a (广泛的)view of the duties of being a teacher.n.用方框内短语的适当形式填空speed up; pay o

3、ff; refer to; die of;draw on; through trial and errorl.What we should do is to each others strength to achieve common mised not to the matter again.The grapes will soon be ripe. Lets our preparations for the grape harvest.Personally speaking, Id ratherthirst than drink champagne.As Tu

4、ck began to grow into a bigger build by the 7th grade, the experience of playing against older opponents began to ., they finally reached the conclusion under the instruction of their chemistry teacher, m.单句语法填空.An animafs sense of smell is still crucial to its (survive).My (intend) to write this le

5、tter is to invite you to join in an outing that we will go on these days.China will get more actively engaged in global economic governance and make economic globalization more open, balanced and beneficial all.They may only have a (limit) amount of time to get their points across.think this is real

6、ly (sufficient) clear and lets not spend any more time on this issue.IV.课文语法填空Because of her contribution to the fight against malaria, Tu Youyou has become the first female Chinese scientist (receive) a Nobel Prize.Born in 1930 in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, Tu 2 (study) medicine at university in Be

7、ijing and acquired a broad knowledge of both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. In 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for malaria. 3 (inspire) by an over 1,600-year-old text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water, she succeeded in making qinghao extra

8、ct that could treat malaria in mice. 4 , the trials on real patients were likely 5 (postpone) because they did not have sufficient safety data. To speed 6 the process and ensure its safety, Tu and her team volunteered to test qinghao extract on themselves first.The efforts of Tu and her team finally

9、 paid 7 . In November 1972, they 8 (success) discovered the most effective part of the extract and named tqmghaosu, 9 is now a key part of many malaria medicines. Tu encouraged scientists to further explore the treasure house of traditional Chinese medicine 10 raise it to a higher level.1.2. 3.4. 5.

10、6. 7. 8. 9. 10.能力提升训练I .阅读理解Auniverse started in the third grade when she and her father watched a blood moon-a total lunar eclipse （月食）一outside their Skokie house. It is just really cool how the universe can change and how something like that happens J Dobek said.Now a seventh grader at East Prairi

11、e Elementary School, Dobek recently won the national Discovery Education Lockheed-Martin Beyond Challenge by designing a space station for traveling to Mars.Dobek competed by handing in a two-minute video where she presents her design.“My design will not only ensure the safety of the astronauts （宇航员

12、）but also make sure their comfort is out of this world/9 she says in her video.Dobeks design calls for building the Mars Storage Station to store plentiful supplies. In the video, Dobek explains how her spacecraft （宇宙飞船）the Adventurer-will land in a space station. Dobeks design includes physical act

13、ivity for the astronauts. They can choose their exercise machines and virtual （虚拟的）reality environment. So they will be able to watch downloaded shows and even see places on Earth such as their homes.Dobek said she began her project by performing her research and then she constructed the design over

14、 three weeks to a month, working on it whenever she could, including on weekends.When Andrea Smeeton, her teacher, saw the video and her design before they were sent, she said she had a feeling that she could win. I dont know why but maybe it was the excitement and the detail in the project, Smeeton

15、 said. I have taught for a long time and many of my students are gifted but this project is just very creative and it gives hope to a space program.”Dobek and her parents traveled to Washington D.C. in April where they learned Dobek had won. When she texted her teacher the happy results, Smeeton adm

16、itted that she cried.“I want to tell other kids to follow their dreams,“ Dobek said. Whatever they want to do,they should kind of just push for it. They should always try their best.” l.What change did Dobek show after watching the total lunar eclipse?A.She determined to be a scientist.B.She took to

17、 working with her father.C.She got interested in the universe.D.She gave up her dream of becoming an astronaut.What can be learned about Dobeks design?A.It replaces the role of the Adventurer.B.It enables astronauts to connect with their family.C.It ensures the safety of the supplies in the spacecra

18、ft.D.It aims to make life in the Mars space station comfortable.How did Smeeton feel about Dobeks design after seeing it?A.She felt it was pretty amazing.B.She felt it was a little disappointing.C.She felt it was less fun than she had expected.D.She felt it was as good as other students1 designs. Wh

19、at kind of girl is Dobek?A.Energetic and friendly.B.Productive and selfless.C.Strong-willed and generous.D.Forward-looking and inventive.BWhen youre struggling to finish a term paper, preparing a big presentation or studying for final exams, sleep might be the first thing you sacrifice so you have t

20、ime to get all the work done. To make up for it, you might start drinking coffee to help you study late into the night. But theres bad news if youre trying to keep that kind of schedule for more than a couple of days.“We were particularly surprised that the performance advantage invested by two dail

21、y 200-milligram doses （剂量）of caffeine was lost after lack of sleep for three nights,lead author Tracy Jill Doty declared in a statement. These results are important, because caffeine is widely used to deal with performance decline following periods of lack of sleep. The data from this study suggests

22、 that the same effective daily dose of caffeine is unable to prevent performance decline over many days of lack of sleep.”The sample size was very small （48 people）, so we cant think everyone will respond the same way. Those 48 people slept five hours per night for five nights straight. They got a c

23、affeine dose equal to a large cup of coffee around 8 am and another around 12 pm each day. For the first two days, the people who got caffeine were performing better on attention and reaction tests. But by the third day, the caffeine was no longer helping them perform any better than the people who

24、didn*t get any caffeine.Increasing the caffeine dose may have changed that. But the more caffeine you consume, the more negative side effects you feel/9 Doty said. This work goes along with lots of other work showing that the negative effects of lacking sleep are difficult to overcome. This is true

25、even with a heavy daily dose of caffeine.”.Who will be the intended reader of the text?A.Educators. B.Students.C.Adults.D.Officials.How was the experiment mainly conducted?A.By listing examples.B.By reasoning.C.By analyzing results.D.By arguing. What does the result of the study show?A.Caffeine fail

26、s to perform better over an extended time.B.Increasing caffeine can promote one*s performance.C.Drinking too much coffee might lead to sleep loss.D.Caffeine doesnt prevent performance decline at all.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.Coffee: Sleep LossB.Coffee: Performance IncreaseC.Enough

27、 Sleep Makes Coffee Work D.The More Coffee, The Worse Effects n.七选五Light in a bottleThis is such a simple idea! Its a special lamp that needs and costs nothing to run. It wasnt invented by a famous scientist, but by a man called Alfredo Moser in Brazil sixteen years ago. In his hometown at the time,

28、 they had problems with electricity. One day, Moser and his friends were talking about how they could create a signal in an emergency. One of them suggested using a bottle to reflect the light from the sun. This made Moser think. 2All you need is a clean plastic bottle. Fill it with water and close

29、it with a black top. The black top attracts the sun. A drop of bleach （漂白剂），the kind you use to clean the house, is added to the water to keep it clean. Then a small hole is cut in the roof of the room where you want the light, and the bottle is pushed through the hole. 3 Its much stronger than the

30、light from a candle!Moser shared his idea with his neighbours and his light bottles were fixed in the local supermarket. Ten years later, the MyShelter Foundation in the Philippines heard about Mosers idea. 4 Now there are Moser lamps in more than 140,000 homes throughout the Philippines and the ide

31、a has spread to a number of other countries, too. 5 Moser lamps have surely made life easier for a lot of people!A.Why not use water to make light?B.In India, the bottles are used in countryside schools.C.Moser is very good at making things around the home.D.Peopled homes and small businesses were o

32、ften left in the dark.E.Following Mosers method, the organization started making this kind of lamp in 2011.F.While theres sunlight outside, the light will be carried through the water into the room below.G.The MyShelter Foundation also offers training to people who want to earn money by fixing the l

33、amps in their communities.1.2. 3.4. 5.参考答案与解析基础知识过关上road.l.draw on2.refer to3.speed up4.die of5.pay off6.Through trial and error考查名词。句意:动物的嗅觉对其生存仍然至关重要。形容词性物主代词后接名词, 根据its可知空处用名词形式;survival表示“生存，存活”时是不可数名词，故填ention考查名词。句意：我写这封信是想邀请你参加我们这儿天要进行的一次远足。形容 词性物主代词后接名词，根据My及语境可知空处用名词，故填intenti

34、ono3.to考查介词。句意：中国将更加积极地参与全球经济治理，使经济全球化更加开放、平衡、共 赢。be beneficial to为固定搭配，意为“对有益。故填to。4.1imited考查形容词。句意:他们可能只有有限的时间来讲清楚自己的观点。形容词修饰名词， 空处修饰名词amount,表示“有限的”，故用形容词limitedo5.sufficiently考查副词。句意:我想这真的足够清楚了，我们不要在这个问题上再多花任何时间 了。空处修饰形容词clear,故用副词形式。IV.l.to receive考查动词不定式。被序数词修饰的名词后常接动词不定式作后置定语，根据the first可知,用

35、动词不定式作后置定语。2.studied考查动词的时态。该句陈述的是过去发生的事情,用一般过去时，故填studiedo3.Inspired考查过去分词。空处为非谓语动词作状语，根据by可知，主语she和动词inspire之间 为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。.However考查副位I。根据语境可知，空处前后为转折关系;根据逗号可知，空处用副词However。 分析此处填Bute空格后有逗号，故只能用However而不能用But。.to be postponed 考查固定搭配和被动语态。be likely to do为固定搭配;主句主语the trials on real patients和动词

36、postpone之间为被动关系,故用被动语态，故填to be postponedo.up考查固定搭配。speed up为固定搭配，意为“加速”。.off考查固定搭配pay off为固定搭配，意为“成功，奏为取得好结果、.successfully 考查副词。空处修饰动词discovered,故用副词形式。.which考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语, 指代故填 which o.and考查连词。分析可知,explore和raise为并列成分,故用并列连词and。能力提升训练I.A语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了女孩EmiliaDobek对太空有很

37、大的兴趣，并且通过设 计一个去火星的空间站赢得了大奖。.C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句 Emilia Dobck*s interest in space and the universe started in the third grade when she and her father watched a blood moona total lunar eclipseoutside their Skokie house,可知，在观看完月全食后Dobek对宇宙产生了兴趣。应选Co.D 细节理解题。根据第四段中 Dobek 所说的话 My design will not only ensure

38、 the safety of the astronauts but also make sure their comfort is out of this world 可知,Dobek 的设计不仅能确保宇航员 的平安，还能确保他们生活的舒适度。应选D。.A 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“I dont know why but maybe it was the excitement and the detail in the project,“ Smeeton said. I have taught fbr a long time and many of my students are gif

39、ted but this project is just very creative and it gives hope to a space program.”可知,Smeeton 认为这个项 目非常有创意，有望成为真正的太空计划。由此可推知,Smeeton认为Dobek的设计非常令人惊叹。 应选Ao.D 推理判断题。根据本文内容可知,Dobek对太空非常感兴趣，并且设计了一个去火星的空间 站，她的老师认为这个设计有望成为真正的太空计划,由此可推知,Dobek非常具有远见和创造力。 应选D。B语篇解读这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项科学研究成果:人们如果多日睡眠缺乏,即使喝咖啡也 没有用。.B

40、 推理判断题。根据第一段第一句 When youre struggling to finish a term paper, preparing a big presentation or studying for final exams, sleep might be the first thing you sacrifice so you have time to get all the work done.（当你正努力完成一篇学期论文，准备一个重重的展示或为期生考试而学习 时，睡眠可能是你牺牲的第一样东西，这样你就有时间完成所有工作。）可以推断出,本文主要是针 对经常熬夜的学生而写的，故本

41、文潜在的读者是学生，应选B项。.C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 They got a caffeine dose equal to a large cup of coffee around 8 am and another around 12 pm each day. For the first two days, the people who got caffeine were performing better on attention and reaction tests. But by the third day, the caffeine was no longer helping them perform any better t