2022年全国乙卷-高考帮.英语-69848

1、2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试,全国乙卷英语第一局部 听力（共两节，总分值30分） 第一节（共5小题;每题1. 5分,总分值7. 5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How muchis the shirt?19. 15.9. 18. C. 9. 15.答案是C。1. What doesthe man want to do?Have breakfast.Take a walk.Call his office.2. What was George

2、 doing last night?Having a meeting.Flying home.Working on a project.3. Why does theman suggest going to the park?Its big.Its quiet.C. Its new.How does thewoman sound?A. Annoyed. B.Pleased. C. Puzzled. Where is theman，s table?A. Near the door. B. By the window.C. In the corner.第二节（共15小题;每题1. 5分,总分值22

3、. 5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅 读各个小题,每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。What are the speakers going to do tonight?A. Eat out. B. Go shopping.C. Do sports.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Boss and secretary.Hostess and g

4、uest.Husband and wife.听第7段材料.，回答第8、9题。Why does the woman think July is the best time to move?Their business is slow.The weather is favorable.Its easy to hire people.How will they handle the moving?A. Finish it all at once.D文章大意：木文介绍了英国政府通过对局部软饮料征收含糖税来降低儿童肥胖率，并直接将税收用于改进学校体育设施和保证更健康的饮食。C 根据第二段中的“First

5、 announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks containing more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity (肥胖)可知，征收含糖税是为了保护孩子的健康。D 根据第四段中的“It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by manufacturers(制造商

6、)so they can avoid paying the tax可知，一些饮料制造商为避税，降低了所生产饮料的含糖量。D 根据第五段中的However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola以及“Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax可知，果汁饮料、奶制品饮料、大局部含酒精饮料是免征含糖税的，而可口可乐公司是一些高含糖量饮料 的生产商，由此推断出Classic Coke是需要缴税的。B根据最后一段首句可以推测出含糖税的征收

7、是一个成功的案例。 第二节文章大意:本文介绍了维持长距离友谊的五种方法。D空前提到双方忙碌，可能会难以找到时间打 。根据该段小标题Set a regular date可知，此段主要建议朋友间设定一个固定时间来联系, 对应选项 I)中的“Try to find a time that works for both of you，应选 I)。E 根据空前的Make sure you have communicated. for you both以及空后的There are. a group chat”可知，空处内容应与交流方式相 关。空前的what method works best for yo

8、u both”与选项 E 中的their preferred methods of communication对应，应选 E。G 该段中的The friend who is remaining the friend who has moved分别对应选项 G 中的“the one who was left behind，z，the friend who left”,应选故A 根据语境和常识可知，Anniversaries and birthdays”均为重要的日子，再结合该段中的keeps track of friends， birthdays and other important date

9、s”可知选 A。F 空后long-distance friendships - even close ones - may require more conscious effort to sustain”表示长距离友谊，即使是亲 密的朋友之间，也可能需要更有意识的努力来维持，又根据空后的but可知，空处内容应与空后内容形成转折,F项通过社交媒体获得联系感是很容 易的符合语境。第三局部语言知识运用第一节文章大意:人们常常认为学龄前儿童很不擅长玩捉迷藏，因为他们常常只把自己的眼睛遮上，而身体的其他部位却暴露在外。很长时间以来，人们把孩 子们的这一行为解释为以自我为中心。但最近在儿童开展心理学方面

10、令人惊讶的研究结果反驳了那个观点。实验证明，孩子们之所以有如此行为， 是因为他们认为只有你也能看到我,我才能看到你,这说明孩子们之间存在着相互成认和尊重,而非以自我为中心。C根据下文中的making oneself unable to be seen”可推断，避开(escaping)别人的目光，使自己不被人看见，这是一件非常令人兴奋的事情。B 根据下文中的They often cover only their eyes with their hands, leaving the rest of their bodies 43 ”可知，他们常常只是用 手遮住自己的眼睛,把身体其他部位暴露在外，由

11、此可推断，他们不擅长隐藏。A参见上题解析。D这种无效的隐藏方法被认为(interpreted)是儿童是一种完全以自我为中心的生物的证据。support支持；guarantee保证；imagine想 象。C根据语境可知,我们在儿童开展心理学方面令人惊奇的(surprising)研究发现反驳(contradicted) 了那个观点。C参见上题解析。explain”解释；confirm证实；test测试。B由上句中的children可知,此处是指每个孩子(child)都与一名成人坐在一起。D由下句中的hear可推断出此空填ears”。A由上句中的eyes可推断出此空填see”。B根据语境可知，当成年

12、人捂住自己的嘴时，同样的事情(thing)发生了。B这么一来(Now),孩子们说他们不能和她说话。A由上文的“mouth可推断出此空填“speak”。C 根据语境可知，许多实验(experiments)排除了孩子们误解了他们被问到的问题这种可能性。instructions 指示，命令，用法说明； description ”描述;assumption假设“A孩子们理解(comprehended)这些问题，并且确切地(exactly)知道他们被问到了什么。predict预言；explore探索；ignore忽视。D参见上题解析。partly 局部地；honestly老实地；vaguely含糊地。A

13、根据语境可知，他们对这些问题的回答(responses)反映了他们真实的看法(belief): 只有你也能看到我，我才能看到你。 approach 方法 ；contribution”贡献;sensitivity”体贴,敏感。B参见上题解析。ability能力；identity身份”;purpose目的C根据语境可知，他们只是坚持(insist on)相互的成认和尊重。hold back隐瞒，阻止;make up构成，编造，补足(某数量)。D根据语境可知，我们的研究发现(findings)说明，当孩子在头上盖一条毯子隐藏时，这并不是自我中心主义的结果。limitation限制 ；requirem

14、ent”必备条件；theory”理论D根据语境可知，事实上，当其他人使用这种方法时，孩子们认为它是有效的(effective)。tentative不确定的；impressive”令人赞叹的，给 人印象深刻的；creative创造(性)的。第二节文章大意:本文主要介绍了周四在北京晋商博物馆举办的一系列庆祝由联合国设立的首个国际茶日的活动。by此处从句中谓语动词的被动语态结构为was named by. 由命名the此处指上文提到过的“the first International Tea Day，故用定冠词“the表示特指。addressed根据上文中的took place”可知，时态应一致;a

15、ddress对发表演说与主语chairman构成主动关系。故填addressed。largest ，ztea-producing county”前应用形容词修饰,提示词为形容词，且空前有定冠词the，再结合常识可知,应用形容词的最高级。responsibility根据空前的不定冠词可知，此处填名词“responsibility”。shared根据空前的a和空后的名词future可知，此处应用形容词，share与future为逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词形式的形容词 shared 共同的。and根据句意可知,此处意为促进国际合作与文化交流,故应用and。To strengthen根据句意并分析

16、句子结构可知，空处应用不定式表示目的。inviting本句已有谓语动词included”,提示词与the event之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，故空处用提示词invite的现在分词形式作状语。its first exhibition”前应用所给词的形容词性物主代词形式，故填its。 第四局部写作第一节We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise. A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists, greatliveMaybe it is because A

17、 the combination of fresh air, smooth movement and exercise. Whether you ride a bicycle, you don，t use ofIf/Whenpetrol. So they are not producing carbon dioxide and not cause air pollution. Just see how cars have taken over our cities, youcausingThey often run at high speeds, what may put our lives

18、in danger. And there were traffic jams, too. Our cities will be better whichareplaces if we replace cars with bicyclo.bicycles第二节Learning English Beyond the ClassroomThere are many things we can do to learn English well. As the chart shows, students adopt different ways to learn English beyond the c

19、lassroom.The percent of the students who listen to English songs is as high as 65%. 50% of them watch English movies while only 18% read English books. Those who visit English-learning websites account for 12%.The figures of the chart suggest that there are a variety of ways to learn English beyond

20、the classroom with the development of modern technology. Students can choose what they like to enrich their English-learning experiences.As far as I am concerned, students should do more listening and speaking so that they can develop their communication skills.Have the sales section go first.Do one

21、 department at a time.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。What did Peter learn from his grandfather?How to appreciate art works.How to deal with artists.How to run a museum.What did Peter do in Chicago?He studied at a college.He served in the army.He worked in a gallery.Whose works did Peter like best?Rembrandts.Botti

22、cellis.Rubens.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。Where does the conversation take place?A. At a library. B. In a law firm.C. On a train.By what time did John plan to finish his term paper?A. March. B. August.C. October.Why did John quit his part-time job?He had to catch up with his study.He was offered a better one.H

23、e got tired of it.What is Susans attitude to John* s problem?Carefree.Understanding.Forgiving.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。What did the speaker do before the year 2012?A fitness coach.A chess player.A marathon runner.Why was the 2016 Olympics important for the speaker?He was motivated by Bolt.He broke a world

24、record.He won fifth place.Which is the hardest for the speaker?Getting over an injury.Doing strength training.Representing Botswana.What is the speaker mainly talking about?His plan to go for the gold.His experience on the track.His love for his home country.第二局部 阅读理解（共两节，总分值40分） 第一节（共15小题;每题2分，总分值3

25、0分）阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。AHenry Raeburn（1756-1823）The ExhibitionThis exhibition of some sixty masterpieces celebrating the life and work of Scotlands best loved painter, Sir Henry Raeburn, comes to London. Selected from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition o

26、f his work to be held in over forty years.Lecture SeriesScottish National Portrait （肖像画）Gallery presents a series of lectures for the general public. They are held in the Lecture Room. Admission to lectures is free.An Introduction to RaeburnRaeburns English Con temporariesSunday 26 Oct. , 15. 00Thur

27、sday 30 Oct. , 13. 10DUNCAN THOMSONJUDY EGERTONCharacters and Characterisation in Raeburn,s PortraitsRaeburn and Artist,s Training in the 18th CenturyThursday 6 Nov., 13. 10Thursday 13 Nov., 13. 10NICHOLAS PHILLIPSONMARTIN POSTLEExhibition TimesLast admission to the exhibition:17.15.There is no re-a

28、dmission.Closed:24-26 December and 1 JanuaryAdmission4. Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.Schools and CollegesA special low entrance charge of 2 per person is available to all in full-time education, up to and including those at first degree level, in organised groups

29、 with teachers.What is the right time for attending Raeburnfs English ContemporariesA. Sun. 26 Oct.B. Thurs. 30 Oct.C. Thurs. 6 Nov. D. Thurs. 13 Nov.How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A. 4.B. 8.C. 12.D. 16.How can full-time students get group discounts?They should

30、go on Sunday mornings.They should come from art schools.They must be led by teachers.They must have ID cards with them.BIn 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N. Y. Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood - traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-

31、room schoolhouse. The girls had gone to Smith College. They wore expensive clothes. So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo, to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise. Their stay in Elkhead is the subject of Nothing Daunted:The Unexpected Education of Two Societ

32、y Girls in the West by Dorothy Wickenden, who is a magazine editor and Dorothy Woodruff* s granddaughter.Why did they go then? Well, they wanted to do something useful. Soon, however, they realized what they had undertaken.They moved in with a local family, the Harrisons, and, like them, had little

33、privacy, rare baths, and a blanket of snow on their quilt when they woke up in the morning. Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive at the schoolhouse to find the children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.In Wickcndcn，s book, she expanded on the histor

34、y of the West and also on feminism, which of course influenced the girls decision to go to Elkhead. A hair-raising section concerns the building of the railroads, which entailed（牵涉）drilling through the Rockies, oftenin blindingsnowstorms.The book ends with Rosamond and Dorothys returnto Auburn.Wicke

35、nden is avery good storyteller.The sweep of the land and the stoicism（坚忍）ofthe people move her to some beautifulwriting. Here is a picture ofDorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hilltop:When thesun slipped behind themountains, it sheda rosy glowall aroundthem. Then a full moon rose. T

36、he snow was markedonly by smallanimals:foxes, coyotes,mice, and varying hares, which turned white in the winter.” 24. Why did Dorothy and Rosamond go to the Rocky Mountains? A. To teach in a school. B. To study American history. C. To write a book. D. To do sightseeing.What can we learn about the gi

37、rls from paragraph 3?They enjoyed much respect.They had a room with a bathtub.They lived with the local kids.They suffered severe hardships.Which part of Wickendens writing is hair-raising?The extreme climate of Auburn.The living conditions in Elkhead.The railroad building in the Rockies.The natural

38、 beauty of the West. 27.What is the text?A. A news report.B. A book review.C. A children，s story. D. A diary entry.CCan a small group of drones（无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year? That is the very likely

39、 future of applying todays eyes in the sky technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure（基石出设施）worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines. They could do precisely the same thing to

40、 inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points. The more regularly they can be inspected, the more railway safety, reliability and on-time performance will be improved. Costs would be cut and operations would

41、be more efficient（高效）across the board.That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety. Tt. is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance, including sending maintenance staff, often at night, to

42、inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews efforts.By using the latest technologies, drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways, detecting faults in the rail or switches, before they can cause

43、 any safety problems. To perform these tasks, drones for rail dont need to be flying overhead. Engineers are now working on a new concept:the rail drones of the future. They will be moving on the track ahead of the train, and programmed to run autonomously. Very small drones with advanced sensors an

44、d AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot. With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible?The use of drones in checking on power lines.Dr

45、ones， ability to work at high altitudes.The reduction of cost in designing drones.Drones， reliable performance in remote areas.What does maintenance underlined in paragraph 3 refer to?Personnel safety.Assistance from drones.Inspection and repair.Construction of infrastructure.What function is expect

46、ed of the rail drones?To provide early warning.To make trains run automatically.To earn profits for the crews.To accelerate transportation.Which is the most suitable title for the text?What Faults Can Be Detected with DronesHow Production of Drones Can Be ExpandedWhat Difficulty Drone Development Wi

47、ll FaceHow Drones Will Change the Future of RailwaysDThe Government，s sugar tax on soft drinks has brought in half as much money as Ministers first predicted it would generate, the first official data on the policy has shown.First announced in April, 2016, the tax which applies to soft drinks contai

48、ning more than 5g of sugar per 100ml, was introduced to help reduce childhood obesity（月巴胖）.It is believed that today，s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.Initially the sugar tax was expected to make 520m a yea

49、r for the Treasury. However, data of the first six months showed it would make less than half this amount. At present it is expected to generate 240m for the year ending in April 2019, which will go to school sports.It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar leve

50、ls cut by manufacturers（制J造商）so they can avoid paying the tax. Drinks now contain 45 million fewer kilos of sugar as a result of manufacturers， efforts to avoid the charge, according to Treasury figures. Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for every litre of suga

51、ry drink they produce or import, depending on the sugar content.However, some high sugar brands, like Classic Coca Cola, have accepted the sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. Fruit juices, milk-based drinks and most alcoholic drinks are free of the tax, as are small

52、 companies manufacturing fewer than 1m litre* per year.Today，s figures, according to one government official, show the positive influence the sugar tax is having by raising millions of pounds for sports facilities（设施）and healthier eating in schools. Helping the next generation to have a healthy and

53、active childhood is of great importance, and the industry is playing its part.Why was the sugar tax introduced?To collect money for schools.To improve the quality of drinks.To protect childrens health.To encourage research in education.How did some drinks companies respond to the sugar tax?They turn

54、ed to overseas markets.They raised the prices of their products.They cut down on their production.They reduced their products， sugar content.From which of the following is the sugar tax collected?Most alcoholic drinks.Milk-based drinks.Fruit juices.Classic Coke.What can be inferred about the adoptio

55、n of the sugar tax policy?It is a short-sighted decision.It is a success story.It benefits manufacturers.It upsets customers.第二节（共5小题;每题2分,总分值10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Friendship needs care and attention to keep i t in good heal th. Here are five ways to sustain（保持）long-di stance

56、 friendships. Set a regular dateLong-lasting friendships share the characteristic that both sides equally contact（联系）and share with one another. With busy schedules, squeezing in phone calls can be a challenge. 36More isn，t always merrierMake sure you have communicated with your friend about how fre

57、quently each of you wants to be contacted and what method works best for you both. 37. There are alternatives to constant written communication, such as leaving voice messages or having a group chat.Practise empathy（共情）38. The friend who is remaining needs to be sensitive to all the additional time

58、demands placed on the friend who hasmoved. The one in the new environment should be sympathetic to the fact that your friend may feel abandoned.39Anniversaries and birthdays carry even more weight in long-distance friendships. Although technology might make day-to-day communication possible, extra e

59、ffort goes a long way on special days. Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends， birthdays and other important dates will make sure nothing slips by you.Don，t rely on technology alonebut long-distance friendships 一 even close ones 一 may require more conscious effort to sustain. Try to seek

60、 out chances to renew friendships. How to do it? Just spend face-to-face time together whenever possible.Remember important datesCompensate by writing lettersIt is also helpful for you to be a friendship keeperTry to find a time that works for both of you and stick to itFriends need to talk about th