课件-初中英语语法讲座-定语从句

1、初中英语语法讲座定语从句By-Zak zeng【考点扫描】 （一）定语从句的功用和结构 （二）关系代词和关系副词的功用 （三）各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 一. 定语从句的功用和结构 1、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词小小的感受一下1、This is the present that he gave me for my birthday. 2、Do you know everybody who came to the party? 3、I still remember

2、the night when I first came to the village? 4、This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived. （二）. 关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。 1. 作主语关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如： I dont like people who talk much but do little. The c

3、ars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well. 2. 作宾语She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday. The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”. 3. 作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。Whats the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor? The girl whose father is a

4、teacher studies very hard. 4. 作状语 Ill never forget the day when I first came to Beijing. This is the house where I was born. 三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。The person who broke the window must pay for it. The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。Do you kno

5、w the young man (whom) we met at the gate？ Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come. 3. whose 指人，在定语从句中作定语。The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today. I know the boy whose father is a professor. 4. which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words. Here is the book

6、 (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday. 5. that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。Ive read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news. Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there? 6. when 指时间，在定语从句中作状语。 Ill never forget the time when we worked on the farm. He arrived in Beijing on the

7、 day when I left. 7. where 指地点，在定语从句中作状语。 This is the house where we lived last year.The factory where his father works is in the east of the city. 五. 具体使用时还要注意下列问题1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情况： (1) 先行词是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代词时。All that he said is true. (2) 先行词被only, no, any,

8、 all,等词修饰时。He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. (4) 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。 This is the best book (that) I have read this year. (5) 先行词既包括人又包括物时。He talked about the people and the things he remembered. 2. 只能用which，不用that 的情况(1) 在非限制性定语从中。 The meeting was put off, which was exactly w

9、hat we wanted. (2) 定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。 The thing about which he is talking is of great importance. 体会一下中考1. (2004年哈尔滨中考试题) -Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees? -Yes, he does. A. which B. whose C. where D. who 2. (2004年常州市中考试题) The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very im

10、portant. A. who B. where C. what D. that 3. (2004年扬州市中考试题) -Where is the scientist _ gave us the talk yesterday? -He has gone back to Qinghua University. A. whom B. who C. whose D. which 4. (2004年益阳市中考试题) I hate people _ talk much but do little. A. whose B. whom C. which D. who 【满分演练】1. -Who is the

11、man _ was talking to our English teacher? -Oh! Its Mr Baker, our maths teacher. A. he B. that C. whom D. which2. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. where3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom4. Geor

12、ge Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which9. He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which10. Mr. White, _ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which11. He got to the villa

13、ge _ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where12. This is the house _ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where13. This is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked. A. which B. that C. when D. where14. He didnt tell me the place _ he was

14、born. A. that B. which C. when D. where15. He lived in a small village, _ was a long way from the railway station. A. that B. which C. where D. when1. The boy is my younger brother. He was here a minute ago.2. The old man is a professor. He teaches chemistry in a college.3. Beijing Hotel is near Tia

15、n An Men Square. The foreign visitors live there.4. The woman is here now. You were talking about her.5. This is the hall. We listened to the report in it the other day.6. The car was going 90 miles an hour. The car just passed us.7. The man waved to us. The man was my uncle.8. I enjoyed reading the

16、 book. You gave me a book last week.9. I prefer the subject. The subject is science.10. I spoke to the man. The man is a professor.1. The house _ we live in is very big.2. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present _ he gave me for my birthday.4. The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.6