计算机组成与设计第五版答案

1、计算机组成与设计：计算机组成与设计是2010年机械工业出版社出版的图书， 作者是帕特森(DavidA.Patterson)。该书讲述的是采用了一个MIPS 处理器来展示计算机硬件技术、流水线、存储器的层次结构以及I/O 等基本功能。此外，该书还包括一些关于x86架构的介绍。内容简介：这本最畅销的计算机组成书籍经过全面更新，关注现今发生在计 算机体系结构领域的革命性变革：从单处理器发展到多核微处理器。 此外，出版这本书的ARM版是为了强调嵌入式系统对于全亚洲计算 行业的重要性，并采用ARM处理器来讨论实际计算机的指令集和算 术运算。因为ARM是用于嵌入式设备的最流行的指令集架构，而全 世界每年约

2、销售40亿个嵌入式设备。采用ARMv6( ARM 11系列)为主要架构来展示指令系统和计 算机算术运算的基本功能。覆盖从串行计算到并行计算的革命性变革，新增了关于并行化的 一章，并且每章中还有一些强调并行硬件和软件主题的小节。新增一个由NVIDIA的首席科学家和架构主管撰写的附录，介绍 了现代GPU的出现和重要性，首次详细描述了这个针对可视计算进 行了优化的高度并行化、多线程、多核的处理器。描述一种度量多核性能的独特方法一一“Roofline model”， 自带 benchmark测试和分析 AMD Opteron X4、Intel Xeo 5000、 Sun Ultra SPARC T2

3、和 IBM Cell 的性能。涵盖了一些关于闪存和虚拟机的新内容。提供了大量富有启发性 的练习题，内容达200多页。将AMD Opteron X4和Intel Nehalem作为贯穿计算机组成 与设计:硬件/软件接口（英文版第4版ARM版）的实例。用SPEC CPU2006组件更新了所有处理器性能实例。图书目录：Computer Abstractions and TechnologyIntroductionBelowYour ProgramUnder the CoversPerformanceThe Power WallThe Sea Change: The Switch from Unipr

4、ocessors to MultiprocessorsReal Stuff: Manufacturing and Benchmarking the AMD Opteron X4Fallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesInstructions: Language of the ComputerIntroductionOperations of the Computer HardwareOperands of the Computer HardwareSig

5、ned and Unsigned NumbersRepresenting Instructions in the ComputerLogical OperationsInstructions for Making DecisionsSupporting Procedures in Computer HardwareCommunicating with PeopleARM Addressing for 32-Bit Immediates and More Complex Addressing ModesParallelism and Instructions: SynchronizationTr

6、anslating and Starting a ProgramA C Sort Example to Put lt AU TogetherArrays versus PointersAdvanced Material: Compiling C and Interpreting JavaReal Stuff. MIPS InstructionsReal Stuff: x86 InstructionsFallacies and PitfallsConduding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesArithmeti

7、c for ComputersIntroductionAddition and SubtractionMultiplicationDivisionFloating PointParallelism and Computer Arithmetic: AssociativityReal Stuff: Floating Point in the x86Fallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesThe ProcessorIntroductionLogic Desi

8、gn ConventionsBuilding a DatapathA Simple Implementation SchemeAn Overview of PipeliningPipelined Datapath and ControlData Hazards: Forwarding versus StallingControl HazardsExceptionsParallelism and Advanced Instruction-LevelParallelismReal Stuff: theAMD OpteronX4( Barcelona)PipelineAdvanced Topic:

9、an Introduction to Digital Design Using a Hardware Design Language to Describe and Model a Pipelineand More Pipelining IllustrationsFallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesLarge and Fast: Exploiting Memory HierarchyIntroductionThe Basics of CachesMe

10、asuring and Improving Cache PerformanceVirtual MemoryA Common Framework for Memory HierarchiesVirtual MachinesUsing a Finite-State Machine to Control a Simple CacheParallelism and Memory Hierarchies: Cache CoherenceAdvanced Material: Implementing Cache ControllersReal Stuff: the AMD Opteron X4 ( Bar

11、celona ) andIntel NehalemMemory HierarchiesFallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesStorage and Other I/0 TopicsIntroductionDependability, Reliability, and AvailabilityDisk StorageFlash StorageConnecting Processors, Memory, and I/O DevicesInterfacing

12、 I/O Devices to the Processor, Memory, andOperating SystemI/O Performance Measures: Examples from Disk and File SystemsDesigning an I/O SystemParallelism and I/O: Redundant Arrays of Inexpensive DisksReal Stuff: Sun Fire x4150 ServerAdvanced Topics: NetworksFallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHi

13、storical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesMulticores, Multiprocessors, and ClustersIntroductionThe Difficulty of Creating Parallel Processing ProgramsShared Memory MultiprocessorsClusters and Other Message-Passing MultiprocessorsHardware Multithreading 63SISD,MIMD，SIMD，SPMD，and VectorIntroduc

14、tion to Graphics Processing UnitsIntroduction to Multiprocessor Network TopologiesMultiprocessor BenchmarksRoofline : A Simple Performance ModelReal Stuff: Benchmarking Four Multicores Using theRooflineMuddFallacies and PitfallsConcluding RemarksHistorical Perspective and Further ReadingExercisesInu

15、exC D-ROM CONTENTA Graphics and Computing GPUSA.1 IntroductionA.2 GPU System ArchitecturesA.3 Scalable Parallelism-Programming GPUSA.4 Multithreaded Multiprocessor ArchitectureA.5 Paralld Memory System G.6 Floating PointA.6 Floating Point ArithmeticA.7 Real Stuff: The NVIDIA GeForce 8800A.8 Real Stu

16、ff: MappingApplications to GPUsA.9 Fallacies and PitflaUsA.10 Conduding RemarksA.1l HistoricalPerspectiveandFurtherReadingB1 ARM and Thumb Assembler InstructionsB1.1 Using This AppendixB1.2 SyntaxB1.3 Alphabetical List ofARM and Thumb InstructionsB1.4 ARM Asembler Quick ReferenceB1.5 GNU Assembler Q

17、uick ReferenceB2 ARM and Thumb Instruction EncodingsB3 Intruction Cycle TimingsC The Basics of Logic DesignD Mapping Control to HardwareADVANCED CONTENTHISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES & FURTHER READINGTUTORIALSSOFTWARE作者简介：David A.Patterson，加州大学伯克利分校计算机科学系教授。 美国国家工程研究院院士。IEEE和ACM会士。曾因成功的启发式教 育方法被IEEE授予James H.Mulligan，Jr教育奖章。他因为对RISC 技术的贡献而荣获1 995年IEEE技术成就奖，而在RAID技术方面 的成就为他赢得了 1999年IEEE Reynold Johnson信息存储奖。 2000 年他 13John L.Hennessy 分享了 John von Neumann 奖。John L.Hennessy，斯坦福大学校长，IEEE和ACM会士。美国 国家工程研究院院士及美国科学艺术研究院院士。Hennessy教授因 为在RISC技术方面做出了突出贡献而荣获2001年的 Eckert-Mauchly奖章.他