中考英语情态动词考点教案资料

1、中考英语情态动词考精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除中考情态动词考点（一）情态动词概说.情态动词也是“辅助性”动词，用来表示说话人的语气或情态。情态动词所 表示的情态有：请求、命令、允诺、可能、需要、敢于、愿望、义务、能力等。.情态动词本身有词义，但词义不完全，不能单独用作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，且后面只跟动词原形。如：她会唱英文歌曲。She cans sing an English song. F）She can sings an English song. F）She can sing an English song. （T）.有些情态动词的过去时与其原形相同，有些与原形不同。

2、（1）与原形相同的有：must - must ought to - ought to（2）与原形不同的有：can - could will - wouldmay - might shall - shouldneed needed dare dared have to had to（二）情态动词的种类：（见下表）原形过去式词义cancould能maymight可以（或许）mustmust(had to)必须（不得不）willwouldMmshallshould应该needneeded需要daredared敢于(三)情态动词的否定形式：cannot - can t could not- could

3、n t may notmayn tmight not- mightn t must no- mustn twill not- won twould not - wouldn t need no- needn t shall no shan t should not - shouldn t ought not oughtn t dare not daren t(四)常用情态动词的用法：1. can 与 could. can(1)表示体力或脑力方面的“能力”，也能表示根据客观条件能做某事的“能力”。He can drive.Can you jump as far as he did?I can t

4、 catch up with Jim.can与be able to二者都表示“能够”，区别是：can只有现在时和过去式，而be able to可用于各种时态。如：I ll be able to speak French in half a year.He hasn een able to finish it on time.(2)表不允许：You can go now.Can I use your bike?(3)表示推测：Who can it be?It can t be true.can表示猜测或怀疑只用于疑问句及否定句中。. couldcan的过去式，表示过去有能力及过去的可能性。He

5、couldn t climb up the mountain.The news could be true.(2)表示客气地请求或委婉地陈述意见。Could you go skating with me tomorrow?I m afraid I couldn t give you an answer tonight.(3)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度How could he say that?He couldn t be in Beijing.may 与 might. may(1)表示请求、许可、可以May I use your dictionary?Yes, please/certainl

6、y.May I come in?(2)表示推测说话人的猜测，认为某一事情“或许”或“可能”发生It may rain this afternoon.I may leave for Hangzhou next week.may用于感叹句中可以表示祝愿或愿望。May you do well!May you have a good time!. might(1)用作may的过去式。We didn t know that he might be our new teacher.The accident might happen the day before yesterday.may更(2)替代may

7、来表示现在时间的动作，主要于推测(但其可能性比低)。I m afraid it might snow tomorrow.You might meet him at the conference.The movie might have finished now.(3)委婉地表示请求(不是过去式)。Might I ask you a question?Might you go there with me?must.表示义务，命令或必要。Soldiers must obey orders.We must be strict with ourselves.表示肯定的推测：一定He must be a

8、t home.(对现在的猜测)I think you must have made a mistake.(对过去的猜测)He must be our new teacher.He can t be our new teacher.(3)此外还要弄清楚 must与have to的区别will 与 would. will(1)表示意愿、决心。此时可用于各种人称。He wont come to see you#不愿来见你。(表示意愿)I will try my best to catch up with her.我将尽最大努力赶上她。(表示决心)(2)表示请求，此时仅限于“will you (ple

9、ase)？”句型中，仅用于第二人称和疑问句中。W川 you please buy me an English-Chinese dictionary when you go to the bookstore?W川 you have some rice?. wouldwill的过去式，表示过去的意愿和决心。He said he would do everything for her, but she said she would never see him again.They believed that we would help them.(2)用于现在时，表示委婉地提出请求，建议或看法。此时

10、 would的用法比will更加委婉。Would you please show me the way to the museum?I would like to say something about it.will和would用于“劝某人接受”时，只能用some,不能用any。如：Would you like some fish?吃点鱼好吗？shall 与 should. shall征求对方意见或请求，用于第一、三人称。表示“要不要？ ”、”好吗?Shall I open the window?Shall the doctor come?. should(1) should意思是“应该”，

11、表示劝告或建议(=ought to)You should wash your hands before dinner.We should help each other.(2)用来表示可能性或猜测。He should be in the office now.I should be right.should有时能表示说话人的情感等。It s funny that they should be confident.(表示轻视)Why should I do that for you?(表示不满)should后接动词不定式(不加to)时，若用于肯定句，表示某件事本应该完成却未完成；若用于否定句，则

12、表示某事不该发生却发生了。You should have told us the truth.(应该告诉却没有)He should have known the importance of i的该知道去 不知道)We shouldnt have left so early.(不应该早出来，可已经做了)needneed意思是“需要，必须”，主要用于否定句和关系问句中。You needn t come so early.Need I take part in the Party?need引导的疑问句，肯定回答时多用 must,否定回答时用neednt。Need he come?Yes, he mu

13、st.No, he needn t.need后接名词做宾语时，表示“需要”某件事物，此时用作实义动词，与一般的实义动词用法完全一样。如：We need three apples.He doesn ne ed so many books.oughtought只有一种形式，后面常与to连用，意思是“应该”。You ought to visit us often.Sorry, I ought to leave now.在表示“应该”时,ought to的语气比should要强，比must稍弱。daredare意思是“敢”，用于肯定结构中时，后接加to的动词不定式。The boy dared to c

14、limb up the tree.She should dare to question her teacher.dare用于否定句或疑问句中时，与大多数的情态动词一样，后接不带to的动词不定式。Dont dare do that again!The poor girl dare not go home.had betterYou had better see a doctor.You had better not leave now.Had I better wait for her?used to do / be used to doing / be used to doused to d

15、o表示过去常常发生的动作，强调过去，只用于过去，注意用 to do,不用doing形式；而be used to doing意为 习惯做”，be可有各种时态；be used to do意为被使用去做，”为被动语态形式。My father used to eating meat.She is used to eating meat.He wasn tsed to eating in a restaurant.Knives are used to cut things.(五)含有情态动词的疑问句由cars may、must构成的疑问句(1)句式：Can/ May/ Must + 主语 + 动词原形+

16、.?如：Can you repair thecar? Could he be a good student? May I borrow your ruler?Must we clean the room now?(2)对may引出的问句，可以有下列回答方式：Yes, of course. Yes, certainly.Sure.No, you mustn No, you can t.(3)对 must引出的疑问句，回答为： Yes,must.No,needn t/ don t have to.will , would , shall 的用法(1) will在一般疑问句中表示客气的 请求、劝说。

17、would是will的过去式，语气更力口客气、委婉。 Would you show me your picture book? W川 you please give me a call?(2)对 will/ would you的回答方式有以下几种： Yes, I will. (No, Iwon t.)Sure .(I m sorryl ,can t.)All righCertainly. (No, thank you .) Yes, please.(3) shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称，表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种：Yes, please. All right. No

18、, thank you.(六)不同情态动词的否定意义也不同(1) can坨译为 不会，如：I can t play basketbOB不会打篮球。(2)当句子表推测时，用 can表达不可能，He can t be ill. He is playing chess with Tom. (3) can还可用来回答 “ May I这样的问句。May I come in ?No, youmustn t. / can (4) t.can还可用于固定习语中。 She can t help crying.may 的否定式为 may not , 译成 可能不 ， He may not be at home.(

19、1) mustn表示不许， 不可。He mustn t leave his room.mustn也可用于以may表示要求时的否定回答中。May I standhere?No, you mustn t(can t).(1) needn意为 必。You needn t meet him unless you d like to.needn t + have+词的过去分词，表不需要完成但已完成的动作，暗含时间或精力上的浪费。You needn t have bought it.shouldn 表不应该 You shouldn t feel so unhappy over such little th

20、ings.(七)易混淆点易混点一 can和 be able to两者表示能力时用法相同，但can只有原形“can和过去式“could两种形式，在其他时态中 要用be able to来表示。另外be able to常常指经过努力，花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。Jim can t speak EnglishHe could speak Englishat 5. We ll be able to see him next weekHe has been able to drive. I msure you ll be able to finish it quickly. We were able

21、 to reach the top of the mountain at noon.易混点二 can和maycan和may均可用来征求意见或许可，意为何以“，一般可互换can和may表示可能性时的区别：1）在肯定句中用 might, may, must, 不用can2）在疑问句中表示推测用 can,不用might, may, must3）在否定句中用 can，不可能），不用 may, must。That can t be true.易混点三 may be和 maybe用法区别 常用位置may be may为情态动词，be为动词原形，句中作谓语maybe副词，大概、也许，相当于 perhaps位

22、于句首，作状语He may be wrong , but I m not sure.易混点四 can和 mustn t.can根据其基本用法可译为：（1）不会，I can t speak English .（2）不能， We can t do it now because it s too）dark可能， The man can t be ourteacher because he is much younger than our teacher.mustn意为禁止、不许”，用来表达命令，表示强烈的语气。Youmustn t play footbain the street. It s too

23、 dangerous.易混点五 must和 have tomust侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要，还可以在间接引语中表示过去的必要或业务，have to侧重于客观上的必要，可用于现在时、过去时和将来时 I knowI must study hard.My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night.易混点六 need, dare的两种用法need , dare作情态动词是，多用于否定句、疑问句中，后接动词原形。You needn t explain it to me .Dare you say that a

24、gain在肯定句中，它们后边多接动词不定式，此时为实义动词。Tom needs to fetch the bool for me .Mary dared to go across the street by herself.易混点 七 used to do / be used to doing / be used to doused to do表示过去常常发生的动作而be used to doing意为 现在习惯做 ”，be可有各种时态;be used to do意为被使用去做，”为被动语态形式。My father used to eating meat.She is used to eati

25、ng meat.He wasn t used to eating in a restaurant.Knives are used to cut things.练习检测Nobody do it. Let me.A. can, try B. can t, to try C. can, to try D. can t, tryingyou like bananas to eat? ”“ Yes, please. ”A. Would, some B. Will, any C. Could, any D. Can, some“ Can you answer this question in Englis

26、h?”“ Sorry, I.A. needn t B. may not C. can t D. mustn tI borrow your dictionary? ”“ Certainly, here you are.A. Must B. May C. Need D. ShallI see the words on the blackboard.you write a bit clearly?A. mustn t, Can B. don t, will C. can t, Can D. needn t, CouldIt s a sunny day today. You take a rainco

27、at with you.A. can t B. mustn t C. needn t D. canI ve looked for my pen everywhere, but I d ftnA. couldn t B. can t C. mustn t D. didn “I speak to Ann? ”“ Speaking. ”A. Must B. May C. Need D. ShallShall we go to the zoo tomorrow?A. Yes, we shall B. Yes, you shallC. Yes, you will D. All rightMr. John, we must hand in our homework today,?No, you. But you must bring it t