人教版八年级下册unit3单词详解(讲义设计)

1、人教版八年级英语下册unit3词汇知识教学讲稿Unit 3rubbish /r ?b? n. rubbishes （可数 不可数）垃圾；废弃物 p.17? 常用词组：rubbish bin垃圾箱 rubbish heap垃圾堆 rubbish truck垃圾车?常见近义词：litter杂物（如纸屑）trash废物 糟粕 garbage废料（如剩菜）eg: He is talking rubbish.If we see someone throw the rubbish, we can go up to him and tell him it is not good to do that.tak

2、e out the rubbish倒垃圾 p.17eg: Please take out the rubbish when you leave.fold /f?ld/ v. 折叠；对折p.17 n.折叠 褶皱 folder折叠人折叠机 文 件夹eg: My brother is folding a paper plane for me.The mother folded her baby in her arms in great surprise.sweep /swi:p/ v. （swept）eg: The storm swept the country.She is sweeping wi

3、th a broom.The mountain is in the sweep of your eye. floor /fl ?/ n.eg: She sweeps the floor every day.扫；打扫p.17 sweeper n.打扫 挥动 范vt.及物动词vi.不及物动词n.地板p.17 楼层（住四层英storey 住三层 美story）杂乱；不整洁p.18 v.弄脏 弄乱扔；掷p.19He lived on the third floor.mess /mes/ n.eg: Your room is（in） a mess.You look a mess and you cart

4、 go out with me.Dont you want to mess up the situation again?throw / 0 r?Z v. （threw thrown）eg: Dont throw stones at my dog.Pleasethrow me the towel.（毛巾）He has thrown himself into revolution.（革命）all the time频繁；反复p.19 一直 始终eg: I do it all the time . = I always do it.All the time I was bl ind to your

5、suffering.（遭遇 痛苦）neither /na 0?,ni:e?/ adv.也不 p.19? all-none （三者以上）both-neither （两者） either? neither.nor.（两者都不）either.or.（或者或者.）both. and.（两者都）? both of.neither of.either of.? 倒装（语义承接式）neither + V + S so + V + Seg: All of us have to stay at home every day.They both have some masks. They are both stu

6、dents.Neither Tom nor Jim has a fever.（反义） Tom Jim a fever.Neither of them has run out of money.I broke the window, so I did.口译：我没有打破这扇窗户，的确没有。They arent afraid of mice, neither am I. 口译：他们害怕老鼠，我也怕。shirt /at/ n.衬衫 p.19 blouseas soon as一就; 尽快 p.19 how sooneg: Ill write to you I get to Lanzhou.You sho

7、uld solve the problem assoon as possible.will the nurses come back to Zhangye? In 2 days.pass /p as/ v.给；递；走过；通过 p.20eg: The ship passed the channel.（海峡）Please pass the newspaper.A year passed quickly.An idea passed through his mind.A bus passed by just a moment.The committee （委员会） has passed my rep

8、ort.borrow /b ?r?Z v.借；借用 p.20 borrower （反）lend 借给? borrow.from.向借.? lend.to.把.借给.eg: I borrowed much money my brother.Don t lend your bookssuch a lazy boy. (so lazy a boy)拓展 The boy borrowed her bike 5 days ago.=The boy has14. lend /lend/ v.lent lent借给；借出p.20 lenderher bike for 5 days. keep手指p.20fi

9、ngermark 指印fingerprint 指纹手印fingernail 指甲16. hate /he 2/ v. n.厌恶；讨厌p.20dislikev. n.15. finger /f ?g?(r)/ n.eg: A hand has five fingers. = A hand has four fingers and a thumb.拓展：the thumb the forefinger the middle finger the third/ring finger the littlefingerunlike反义： love likehateful adj.hateless adj

10、.eg: I hate troubling my classmates.I hate to troublemy classmate.chore It? (r)/ n.杂务；乏味无聊的工作p.20do houseworkdo chores做家务while /wa ?/ conj.n.与.同时;的时候；而；然而p.20? whenat or during the time that既指时间点,也可指时间段? whileduring the time that指时间段eg: When the teacher came in , we were talking happily.瞬间片刻While we

11、 were talking happily, the teacher came in.时段过程While you were reading newspaper, I was working.He is usedto lying down for a while after lunch.n.Some people waste food while others dont have enough.然而提升 He fell asleep while doing his homework.=He fell asleep whiledoing his homework.19. snack /sn? k/

12、 n.点心；小吃；快餐 p.21 fast food take away foodeg: You can enjoy a quick snack while your children cavort (嬉戏)in the sand.stress /stres/ n.精神压力；心理负担 重音p.22 v.强调 重读 stressed out紧张的eg: When we are under great stress, our bodies may not moveable.What s the matter, you look stressed out.My teacher stressed th

13、at we should be in control of our lives.waste /weRt/ n.浪费；垃圾 v.浪费；滥用p.22eg: Get honor for thrift and shame on waste. 翻译I think that is a total waste of money.You couldnt waste your whole youth on a pipe-dream.（白日梦） all nonein order to目的是；为了 p.22? order n.顺序次序条理秩序规矩 v.命令指挥要求订购点菜? in order to do sth i

14、n order that + 句子 so that + 句子 目的状语从句eg: Can I take your order?Please put the dialogue in the correct order.They got up early in order to catch the early bus.=They got up early catch the early vide /pr ?va?i/ v.提供;供应 p.22? provide sth for sb provide sb with sth为某人准备某物（提供 供应）? offer sb sth off

15、er sth to sb给予某人某物（主动作为）? offer to do sth 愿意、主动做某事eg: The hotel provides masks for guests. =The young man offered the old woman his own seat on the bus.Many volunteers offered to help the patients for free.anyway /en?ve? adv.而且；力口之 p.22eg: I dont have time to tell you it, and anyway, I don t want to

16、 make it worse.I dont know why I fought with him, but anyway I did.depend /d Ipend/ v.依靠;信赖 p.22 depend on/uponeg: All living things depend on the sun for their growth.We cant depend on our enemy （敌人）to help us.It only depends on whether you want to change or not.depend on依靠;信赖 p.22口译： 成功（success 取决

17、于决心（determination ）和努力（efforts）。develop/d %el?p/ v.发展；壮大 p.22 development n.developing country 发展中国家developed country 发达国家eg: We should give the students some space to develop.Education （教育）is central to a countrys economic （经济） development.independence /?nd?pend?ns/ n. 独立 p.22 independent adj.独立的 自

18、主的 eg: She was afraid of losing her independence.fairness /fe?n?s/ n. 公正性；合理性 p.22fair adj.合理的 公平的（反义）unfairfair society公平社会 fairy n.仙女eg: In fairness to your mother, she has been trying her best to support you.since /s?ns/ conj. 因为；既然 prep. ,conj. & adv.从以后；自以来 p.22eg: I havent seen you since you l

19、eft school in January.It is about two months since we stayed at home.We couldt go to school to clean the classroom since we are busy. 因为 鉴于Since this method （方法）doesnt work, let s try another. 既然 由于You left school two months ago and I havent seen you since.neighbor / ne ?b?（r）/ （=neighbour） n. 邻居 p.22 neighborhood 居民区 地区 childhood 童年 boyhood 少年时代 womanhood 女人气质的take care of照顾;处理 p.22? look after关心照顾take after长得像care about care for 关心 担心 在意care to do