通过电影看文化pptunit5

1、 通过电影看文化Unit 5 Come Together For Holidays 假日佳日：节日欢歌 New Years Day通过电影看文化 Its the first day of the year on the modern Gregorian calendar as well as the Julian calendar used in ancient Rome. The Romans dedicated this day to Janus, the god of gates, doors, and beginnings. The month of January was named

2、 after Janus, who had two faces, one looking forward and the other looking backward. With most countries using the Gregorian calendar as their main calendar, New Years Day is the closest thing to being the worlds only truly global public holiday, often celebrated with fireworks at the stroke of midn

3、ight as the New Year starts.New Years Day Some churches celebrate the Feast of the Circumcision of Christ on January 1, based on the belief that if Jesus was born on December 25, then according to Jewish tradition, his circumcision would have taken place on the eighth day of his life (January 1). 通过

4、电影看文化Valentines Day Valentines Day is an annual commemoration held on February 14 celebrating love and affection between intimate companions. The day is named after one or more early Christian martyrs named Saint Valentine. It is traditionally a day on which lovers express their love for each other

5、by presenting flowers, offering confectionery, and sending greeting cards (known as valentines). The day first became associated with romantic love in the circle of Geoffrey Chaucer in the High Middle Ages, when the tradition of courtly love flourished.通过电影看文化Valentines Day Modern Valentines Day sym

6、bols include the heart-shaped outline, doves, and the figure of the winged Cupid. Since the 19th century, handwritten valentines have given way to mass-produced greeting cards.通过电影看文化Easter Easter marks the end of Lent, a forty-day period of fasting, prayer, and penance. The last week of the Lent is

7、 called Holy Week, and it contains Good Friday, commemorating the crucifixion and death of Jesus. Easter is followed by a fifty-day period called Eastertide or the Easter Season, ending with Pentecost Sunday.通过电影看文化Easter Easter customs vary across the Christian world, but decorating Easter eggs is

8、a common motif. In the Western world, customs such as egg hunting and the Easter Bunny extend from the domain of church, and often have a secular character.通过电影看文化Halloween An annual holiday observed on October 31, which commonly includes activities such as trick-or-treat, attending costumeparties,

9、carving jack-o-lanterns, bonfires, apple bobbing, visiting haunted attractions, playing pranks, telling scary stories, and watching horror films.通过电影看文化Halloween Historian Nicholas Rogers, exploring the origins of Halloween, notes that while some folklorists have detected its origins in the Roman fe

10、ast of Pomona, the goddess of fruits and seeds, or in the festival of the dead called Parentalia, it is more typically linked to the Celtic festival of Samhain. The name of the festival historically kept by the Gaels in the British Isles is derived from Old Irish and means roughly summers end.通过电影看文

11、化Thanksgiving Day A holiday celebrated primarily in the United States and Canada. Traditionally, it has been a time to give thanks to God. Thanksgiving in North America had originated from a mix of European and Native traditions. Typically in Europe, festivals were held before and after the harvest

12、cycles to give thanks to God for a good harvest, to rejoice together after much hard work with the rest of the community. At the time, Native Americans had also celebrated the end of a harvest season. 通过电影看文化Thanksgiving Day When Europeans first arrived to the Americas, they brought with them their

13、own harvest festival traditions from Europe, celebrating their safe voyage, peace and good harvest. Though the origins of the holiday in both Canada and the United States are similar, Americans do not typically celebrate the contributions made in Newfoundland, while Canadians do not celebrate the co

14、ntributions made in Plymouth, Massachusetts.通过电影看文化Christmas A holiday generally observed on December 25 to commemorate the birth of Jesus, the central figure of Christianity. Although nominally a Christian holiday, Christmas is celebrated by an increasing number of non-Christians worldwide and many

15、 of its popular celebratory customs have pre-Christian or secular themes and origins. Popular modern customs of the holiday include gift-giving, music, an exchange of Christmas cards, church celebrations, a special meal, and the display of various decorations; including Christmas trees, lights, garl

16、ands, mistletoe, nativity scenes, and holly. In addition, several figures, known as Saint Nicholas, Father Christmas, and Santa Claus, among other names, are associated with bringing gifts to children during the Christmas season.通过电影看文化Christmas 通过电影看文化 Because gift-giving and many other aspects of

17、the Christmas festival involve heightened economic activity among both Christians and non-Christians, the holiday has become a significant event and a key sales period for retailers and businesses. The economic impact of Christmas is a factor that has grown steadily over the past few centuries in ma

18、ny regions of the world.Gregorian calendar公历，格里历 also known as the Western calendar, or Christian calendar, is the internationally accepted civil calendar. It was introduced by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by a decree signed on 24 February 1582.NOTES通过电影看文化Julian calendar罗马儒

19、略历 it began in 45 BC as a reform of the Roman calendar by Julius Caesar. It was chosen after consultation with the astronomer Sosigenes of Alexandria and was probably designed to approximate the tropical year (known at least since Hipparchus). 通过电影看文化Feast of the Circumcision of Christ 基督洗礼日 a Chris

20、tian celebration of the circumcision of Jesus in accordance with Jewish tradition, eight days after his birth, the occasion on which the child was formally given his name. 通过电影看文化Geoffrey Chaucer（13421400） 杰弗里乔叟 known as the Father of English literature, is widely considered the greatest English poe

21、t of the Middle Ages and was the first poet to have been buried in Poets Corner of Westminster Abbey. Chaucer is a crucial figure in developing the legitimacy of the vernacular, Middle English, at a time when the dominant literary languages in England were French and Latin.通过电影看文化High Middle Ages 中世

22、纪鼎盛时代 the period of European history around the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries. The High Middle Ages were preceded by the Early Middle Ages and followed by the Late Middle Ages, which by convention end around 1500. 通过电影看文化Cupid in Roman mythology 丘比特 the god of desire, affection and erotic love. He

23、is the son of goddess Venus and god Mars. In popular culture, Cupid is frequently shown shooting his bow to inspire romantic love, often as an icon of Valentines Day. He is now in the current culture the personification of love and courtship in general. 通过电影看文化Lent大斋节 in the Christian tradition, Len

24、t is the period of the liturgical year from Ash Wednesday to Easter. The traditional purpose of Lent is the preparation of the believer through prayer, repentance, almsgiving and self-denial for the annual commemoration during Holy Week of the Death and Resurrection of Jesus, which recalls the event

25、s linked to the Passion of Christ and culminates in Easter, the celebration of the Resurrection of Jesus Christ. 通过电影看文化Good Friday耶稣受难日 a religious holiday observed primarily by Christians commemorating the crucifixion of Jesus Christ and his death at Calvary. The holiday is observed during Holy We

26、ek as part of the Paschal Triduum on the Friday preceding Easter Sunday. It is also known as Holy Friday, Great Friday, or Easter Friday, though the latter normally refers to the Friday in Easter week. 通过电影看文化Easter eggs复活节彩蛋 the oldest tradition is to use dyed or painted chicken eggs, but a modern

27、custom is to substitute chocolate eggs, or plastic eggs filled with confectionery such as jelly beans. These eggs are often hidden, allegedly by the Easter Bunny, for children to find on Easter morning. Otherwise, they are generally put in a basket filled with real or artificial straw to resemble a

28、birds nest.通过电影看文化Trick-or-treating不给糖就捣乱 a customary practice for children on Halloween seen in many countries. Children in costumes, either in large groups or accompanied by an adult, travel from house to house in order to ask for treats such as candy with the question Trick or treat?. The trick i

29、s a threat to perform mischief on the homeowners or their property if no treat is given. 通过电影看文化Costumeparties化妆舞会 mainly in contemporary Western culture, is a type of party where guests dress up in a costume. As for the costume parties in Halloween, teenagers and adults who may be considered too ol

30、d for trick-or-treating attend a costume party instead. 通过电影看文化Jack-o-lanterns空心南瓜灯 typically a carved pumpkin. It is associated chiefly with the holiday of Halloween and was named after the phenomenon of strange light flickering over peat bogs, called jack-o-lantern. In a jack-o-lantern, typically

31、the top is cut off, and the inside flesh then scooped out; an image, usually a monstrous face, is carved onto the outside surface, and the lid replaced. At night, a light is placed inside to illuminate the effect. 通过电影看文化Saint Nicholas圣诞老人 a historic 4th-century saint and Greek Bishop of Myra. He ha

32、d a reputation for secret gift-giving, such as putting coins in the shoes of those who left them out for him, and thus became the model for Santa Claus, whose modern name comes from the Dutch Sinterklaas. His reputation evolved among the faithful, as was common for early Christian saints. 通过电影看文化Cin

33、eWatch The Holiday 恋爱假期 爱是盲目的，有时给爱情放个假，也许会获得惊喜。通过电影看文化 The Story stars as two lovelorn women from opposite sides of the Atlantic Ocean, who temporarily exchange homes to escape heartbreak during the holiday season, only to find that a change of address can change their lives. With new found romance,

34、 both their lives change forever.Storyline通过电影看文化CastNancy Meyers .Director 金球奖最佳编剧提名Kate Winslet.Iris奥斯卡、金球奖影后、四次奥斯卡 提名、四次金球奖提名、艾美奖提名Cameron Diaz.Amanda 四次金球奖最佳女主角、女 配角提名Jude Law.Graham 凯撒奖荣誉奖、两次奥斯卡提名、 三次金球奖提名通过电影看文化Bordeaux 波尔多 the worlds major wine industry capital. It is home to the worlds main

35、wine fair, Vinexpo, while the wine economy in the metro area moves 14.5billion Euros each year. Bordeaux wine has been produced in the region since the 8th century.通过电影看文化Culture inside 文化反光镜Louis B. Mayer (18841957) 路易斯 梅尔 an American film producer. He is generally cited as the creator of the star

36、system within Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM) in its golden years. Known always as Louis B. Mayer and often simply as L.B., he believed in wholesome entertainment and went to great lengths so that MGM had more stars than there are in the heavens. 通过电影看文化MGM美国米高梅电影制片公司 an American media company, involved p

37、rimarily in the production and distribution of films and television programs. MGM was founded in 1924 when the entertainment entrepreneur Marcus Loew gained control of Metro Pictures, Goldwyn Pictures Corporation and Louis B. Mayer Pictures. Its headquarters are in the MGM Tower in Century City, Los

38、 Angeles.通过电影看文化Random House 兰登书屋 the largest general-interest trade book publisher in the world. It has been owned since 1998 by the German private media corporation Bertelsmann and has become the umbrella brand for Bertelsmann book publishing. Random House also has a movie production arm, Random H

39、ouse Films, of which the most recent release was One Day. The company is also currently developing a division responsible for creating story content for media including video games, social networks on the web, mobile platforms, in print and on film.通过电影看文化FedEx联邦快递 originally known as FDX Corporatio

40、n, is a logistics services company, based in the United States with headquarters in Memphis, Tennessee. The name FedEx is a syllabic abbreviation of the name of the companys original air division, Federal Express, which was used from 1973 until 2000. 通过电影看文化Hanukkah 光明节 also known as the Festival of

41、 Lights, is an eight-day Jewish holiday commemorating the rededication of the Holy Temple (the Second Temple) in Jerusalem at the time of the Maccabean Revolt of the 2nd century BCE. Hanukkah is observed for eight nights and days, starting on the 25th day of Kislev according to the Hebrew calendar,

42、which may occur at any time from late November to late December in the Gregorian calendar. 通过电影看文化Casablanca卡萨布兰卡 a 1942 American romantic drama film directed by Michael Curtiz, Set during World WarII, it focuses on a man torn between, in the words of one character, love and virtue. He must choose between his love for a woman and helping her and her Czech Resistance leader husband escape from the Vichy-controlled Moroccan city of Casablanca to continue his fight against the Nazis. 通过电影看文化Chario