（优化方案）2021高考英语一轮复习 unit8课件 北师大版必修3

1、Unit 8 Adventure 探险考纲知识预览重点单词1. n. & v沙漠，荒原；抛弃，逃走 adj.无人居住的2. vt.冒的危险 adj.有危险(或风险)的 n危险，风险3. adj.忧虑的，担心的 n焦虑；担心；渴望4. n团体，组织，机构 v组织desert deserted risk risky risk anxiousanxiety organisation organise 考纲知识预览5. vi.不同于，有区别 n差别，差异，(不同)之处 adj.不同的6. n相似性，类似性 adj.相似的7. n兴奋，激动 vt.使激动 adj.令人兴奋的，使人激动的 adj.激昂的，

2、兴奋的8. adj.不同的，各种各样的 n多样性 v改变，修改；不同differ differencedifferentsimilarity similarexcitement excite excitingexcited variousvarietyvary 考纲知识预览9. n配备，设备 v装备10. n较喜欢的东西，偏爱 vt.喜欢11. vt.使困惑 n困惑12. adj.富有的，富裕的 n财富13. n口述，听写 v口授，听写14. n数量，量 v以数量表述；量化equipment equippreference prefer confuse confusionwealthy wea

3、lth dictation dictatequantity quantify考纲知识预览15. n准备，预备 v预备，准备，调制 adj.有准备的；愿意的16. adj.远处的，久远的 n距离17. n耐心，忍耐力 adj.耐心的18. n国籍 adj.国家的，民族的preparation preparepreparedadistantdistancepatiencepatientnationality national 考纲知识预览19. n不利，不利条件 n优势20 v观察，观测 n观察；观察力；议论，意见21 n边界 adj.有限的 n限制条件；限制disadvantage advant

4、ageobserveobservation limitlimitedlimitation 考纲知识预览高频短语1. 起飞2 就在此刻3. 出现，到场4. 使理解(某事)5. (坏事)突然发生，爆发6. 坚持(某种)说法7. 损坏，不能运转8. 继续做某事take offright nowturn upget acrossbreak outstand bybreak downcarry on考纲知识预览9. 决定不履行(允诺的事)10. 颠倒地，倒置地11. 为了(某一目的)12. 轮流13. 关进监狱14. 在途中15. 用完，耗尽back outupside downin order toi

5、n turnput into prisonon ones wayrun out of考纲知识预览常考句型1As well as the group guide，all teams have cooks and porters.所有的登山队都配有厨师、搬运工和向导。2The hike costs 2,500 including all flights and accommodation.旅行费用为2,500英镑，其中包括所有机票和食宿。考纲知识预览3.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.然后便是极地冬季(特有)的极夜了。4Althou

6、gh people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.虽然人们爱读他的书，但许多人认为马可写的关于中国的东西太离奇而不可信。名师一线讲坛1. desert n.沙漠，荒原v.遗弃，抛弃；舍弃，离弃；逃走The wild flowers looked like an orange blanket covering the desert.那些野花看上去像是一片覆盖在沙漠上的橘黄色的地毯。The dustman foun

7、d a deserted car by the roadside.那个清洁工发现路边有一辆废弃的小汽车。单词点击点对点名师一线讲坛即时训练1Operations which left patients_and in need of long periods of recovery time now leave them feeling relaxed and comfortable.AinjuredBdesertedCexhausted Dabandoned名师一线讲坛解析：选C。句意：那些曾使病人疲惫不堪，并需要很长时间康复的手术现在已经使病人感到轻松舒服了。所选词语应和“relaxed a

8、nd comfortable”相反，所以应用exhausted(疲惫的)。名师一线讲坛2. differ vi.不同于，有区别differ from.in.在方面与不同differ with sb. about/on/over sth.对某事与某人看法不同be different from sb./sth.in sth.在某方面不同于某人或某物make a/no difference有影响，起作用/不起作用tell the difference between.区分名师一线讲坛【注意】differ from不可用于进行时态或被动语态。Their house differs from mine

9、in having no garage.他们的房子和我的不同，区别在于他们的没有汽车库。（朗文P409）The two sides in the dispute still differ（with each other） over the question of pay.名师一线讲坛争执的双方在报酬问题上仍各持己见。（朗文P409）Mary and Jane are quite different （from each other）.玛丽和简很不一样。（朗文P409）There are many differences between living in a city and living i

10、n the country.住在城市和住在乡下有很多不同之处。（朗文P409）It doesnt make any difference to me whether you go or stay.你是去是留对我都无所谓。（朗文P409）名师一线讲坛即时训练2They_each other as to the precise meaning of this article in the contract.AdifferBdiffer withCdiffer from Ddiffer about名师一线讲坛解析：选B。differ with sb.表示“与某人意见不同”。句意：对于合同中这一条款的

11、确切释义他们的看法互不一致。名师一线讲坛3. risk vt.冒的危险n.危险，风险risk ones health/life以健康做赌注/冒着生命危险risk doing 冒险做at risk（=in danger）处于危险中at the risk of doing sth.可能导致（不快等），冒的危险at all risks无论冒的危险run （take） a risk/risks 冒险run/take the risk of doing sth.冒着的风险/危险名师一线讲坛He risked his life to save her.他冒着生命危险去救她。They knew they r

12、isked being arrested.他们知道自己冒着被捕的危险。We dont want to run the risk of losing their business.我们不想冒险失去他们的生意。名师一线讲坛即时训练3If your race car isnt insured，you may_losing everything when it hits something solid.AdelayBdenyCavoid DRisk解析：选D。delay耽搁，延误；deny否认；avoid避免；risk冒的危险。根据题意可知，D项正确。名师一线讲坛4Take an umbrella w

13、ith you.You cant risk_a rain.Abeing caught in BcatchingCto be caught in Dcaught解析：选A。risk后面接doing，因此排除C、D两项；be caught in为习惯搭配，意为“遇上，突然遭受”，因此选A。句意：你还是带把伞吧，不要冒着被雨淋湿的危险。名师一线讲坛4. anxious adj.忧虑的，担心的,焦急的anxiety n.焦虑；担心；渴望be anxious about为某事忧虑、担心be anxious for渴望某事be anxious to do渴望，急于be anxious （for sb.）

14、to do.渴望（某人）做be anxious that渴望名师一线讲坛Helen is anxious about travelling on her own.海伦对自己一个人出门旅行感到担心。Peggy is anxious to show that she can cope with extra responsibility.佩吉急切地想表明她能承担额外的职责。Mary has been anxious for your return.玛丽急切地盼你回来。名师一线讲坛即时训练5. Our parents always get a little bit_if we dont manage

15、to arrive when we say we will.AeagerBanxiousCpatient Dearnest解析：选B。D项意思为“真诚的”。句意：当我们没有在我们所说的时间到达时，我们的父母总是很焦虑的。名师一线讲坛5. quantity n.量；数量a large quantity of.许多；大量quantities of.许多；大量in quantity/large quantities批量；大量名师一线讲坛【注意】（1）large quantity of/quantities of后可以跟可数名词也可以跟不可数名词。如果该短语作主语，谓语动词的单复数要依据quantit

16、y的单复数形式而定。（2）quantities of后可以跟可数名词也可以跟不可数名词，但谓语动词只用复数形式。名师一线讲坛There is a large quantity of rain in the country.这个国家多雨。Large quantities of water have just been drunk by him.他刚刚喝了很多水。They are collecting secondhand books in quantity.他们正在大量收集二手书。名师一线讲坛即时训练6As a result of destroying the forests, a large_

17、of desert_covered the land.Anumber；has Bquantity；hasCnumber；have Dquantity；have名师一线讲坛解析：选B。“a great/good deal of不可数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数；plenty of, a lot of，lots of, a great(large/small)quantity of后跟可数名词时谓语动词用复数；后跟不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数。名师一线讲坛6. confuse vt.使困惑confuse sb.使某人困惑confuse A and/with B把A和B混淆some confusi

18、on about/over/as to sth.对有困惑in confusion困惑地，迷茫地throw o confusion使某人不知所措名师一线讲坛【注意】confused指人“感到困惑的”，而confusing指物“令人困惑的”。Dont give me so much information-youre confusing me.别跟我说那么多消息，你都要把我搞糊涂了。（朗文P309）Im always confusing John and/with Paul-which one is John?我总是分不清约翰和保罗，哪一位是约翰？（朗文P309）名师一线讲坛The l

19、ittle girl was very confused by all the noise and activity.那小女孩被这一片吵闹和忙乱给弄糊涂了。（朗文P309）There was some confusion as to whether we had won or lost.关于我们是赢了还是输了，人们众说纷纭。（朗文P309）名师一线讲坛即时训练7Shes left a very_message on my answerphone.I cant understand what she wanted to say.Aconfused BconfusionCconfusing Dco

20、nfusedly名师一线讲坛解析：选C。本题考查词义辨析。句意：她在我的录音电话上留下了一个含糊不清的留言。我不明白她要说什么。用confusing“令人困惑的”。而confused指人“感到困惑的”，故答案为C。名师一线讲坛8He stood there_.Ain confusion Bon confusionCin confusing Dconfusing解析：选A。本题考查in confusion“困惑地；迷茫地”，故答案为A。名师一线讲坛7. preparation n.准备；预备prepare vt. & vi.预备；准备；调制；配制in preparation for.为作准备ma

21、ke preparations for.为作准备He has never made enough preparations for his exams.他对考试从来没有作好充分准备。She bought a new coat in preparation for winter.她买了一件新外套以备冬天穿。名师一线讲坛即时训练9She had thought that he_for the dinner，but in fact he didnt.Ahad preparedBwould have preparedCprepared Dwould prepare名师一线讲坛解析：选B。这里是虚拟语气

22、，与过去事实相反时主句用过去完成时，从句用“would have done”。句意：她本以为他已经准备好了晚餐，但是没有。名师一线讲坛8. distant adj.远处的；久远的；疏远的，不友好的，冷淡的；远亲的distance n.距离a distant relative远亲a distant journey出远门的旅行in the distance 在远处（但可以看到或听到）keep sb.at a distancekeep ones distanceat/from a distance在远处，从不太近的地方与某人保持距离名师一线讲坛那次争吵之后，苏珊一直非常冷淡疏远。（朗文P543）Wh

23、ats the distance from Chicago to Detroit?芝加哥离底特律有多远？（朗文P542）Thats Long Island in the distance over there.那边远处是长岛。（朗文P542）The detective followed him at a distance.侦探远远地跟着他。（朗文P542）名师一线讲坛即时训练10The airport was about 20 kilometres_.AdistantBa long wayCfar Doff解析：选A。本题考查距离表达法。句意：机场大约20公里远。far不能与表示数字的词连用；

24、而distant则可以。故答案为A。名师一线讲坛11The painting appears very beautiful if you look at it_.Ain the distance Bat a distanceCin a long way Dfrom the distance名师一线讲坛解析：选B。本题考查词组辨析。句意：如果从一定距离看这幅画，看起来很美。“从一定距离”，用at a distance或from a distance；而in the distance意为“在远处”，故答案为B。名师一线讲坛9. observe vt.& vi.观察；遵守；庆祝；评述，评论obser

25、vation n.观察；观察力，（观察后发生的）议论，意见observe sb.do/doing sth.观察某人做/在做某事observe the speed limit遵守车速限制observe Christmas （National Day）庆祝圣诞节（国庆节）be under observation受严密监视escape ones observation避开某人的注意名师一线讲坛Did you observe anything unusual in his behaviour?你注意到他的行为有什么不寻常吗？（朗文P1035）The police observed him enter

26、the bank with a shotgun.警察看到他带着猎枪进了银行。（朗文P1035）Do you observe Christmas?你有过圣诞节的习俗吗？（朗文P1035）Shes in hospital under observation.她在医院接受观察。（朗文P1035）名师一线讲坛即时训练12完成句子(1)那位专家花了两年时间观察这动物的日常活动。The expert spent two years_the animals daily activities.答案：observing名师一线讲坛(2)本知道有人看到他和瑞安见面了。Ben knew that someone_

27、_him meeting Ryan.答案：had observed名师一线讲坛(3)我坐在一角落里观察当时发生的事情。I sat in a corner and_what was going on.答案：observed名师一线讲坛10. limit n. & v.边界；限度；限制；限定limited adj.有限的limitation n.限制；限制条件，不足之处go beyond/over the limit超过限度within limits在一定范围内；有限度的within the limits of在的范围内without limit无限（制）地set a limit to sth.对

28、规定限度be limited to sth.受限制于limit sth.to sth.把限定在的范围内名师一线讲坛Ive limited myself to 1，000 calories a day to try and lose weight.我试着减肥，限定自己每天摄入1000卡的热量。A wise man knows his own limitations.人贵有自知之明。名师一线讲坛As we all know,a persons life is limited,but knowledge is unlimited.=As we all know,there is a limit to

29、 a persons life but no limit to knowledge.我们都知道，人的生命是有限的，而知识却是无限的。名师一线讲坛即时训练13There is no_to what you can do if you try.AnumberBwonderCmatter Dlimit解析：选D。句意：只要你尝试，你的成就是无限的。只有limit(常常与介词to搭配)符合题意。名师一线讲坛用括号内所给词的适当形式填空(1)We must pay attention to the childs _(emotion) and intellectual development.答案：emo

30、tional单词巧记名师一线讲坛(2)She loves_(music)and has_(music)talent.答案：music；musical名师一线讲坛归纳与比较：-al用作形容词后缀n.(名词) adj.(形容词)emotion(感情，情感，情绪)emotional(感情的，情感的，情绪的)music(音乐)musical(音乐的)magic(魔法)magical(有魔力的，奇妙的)tradition(传统)traditional(传统的)universe(宇宙)universal(宇宙的，通用的，世界的)origin(起源，起因)original(最初的，最早的)professio

31、n(行业，职业)professional(职业的，专业的)culture(文化)cultural(文化的)nature(自然界，大自然)natural(自然的，天然的)nation(国家，民族)national(国家的，民族的)名师一线讲坛11. back out决定不履行（允诺的事）；食言；退出；打退堂鼓back away向后退，退缩，躲开back down放弃（观点，意见，要求）；承认（错误）；认输back off后退；不再逼迫（某人）做（考虑）某事back up支持，证实短语扫描线连线名师一线讲坛The waiter backed away from the table,bowing s

32、lightly.男服务员从桌旁向后退，欠身鞠了个躬。（朗文P110）When presented with the evidence,the suspect backed down.拿出证据后，疑犯终于认罪了。（朗文P110）Back off,youre crowding me.往后退，别挤我。（朗文P110）They backed out of the contract at the last minute.他们在最后一分钟退出了合同。（朗文P110）名师一线讲坛即时训练14You promised to helpyou mustnt_now.No，I wont.Apick outBback

33、 outCmake out Dtake out解析：选B。句意：你答应帮忙的，你不能食言。是的，我不会食言的。back out食言。名师一线讲坛12. get across使理解（某事）；使明白；表达get sth.across to sb.向某人传达某事get about=get around=get round各处旅行（走动）；（消息，谣言等）传开get along/on （with）进展（行）；相处get away （from）逃脱，逃离；离开；摆脱；离题，跑题get down使悲伤；使沮丧；把写下来get down to开始认真做，开始努力做名师一线讲坛get in请（某人）来帮忙；收

34、割，收获get into陷入；养成（某种习惯）get over恢复过来；克服，战胜get through熬过（困境），接通电话；达到（标准）；通过（测试）Hes not very good at getting his ideas across.他不善于表达思想。名师一线讲坛If everyone keeps in line,well get through the customs more quickly.如果大家都遵守秩序，我们会很快通过海关。She seemed to have got over her distress.她似乎摆脱了她的悲痛心情。 Im going to get dow

35、n to studying English this term.这学期我要认真学英语了。名师一线讲坛即时训练15介副词填空(1)As soon as I got to the office ，I got down_all this work.答案：to名师一线讲坛(2)Would you get the washing_？Its going to rain.答案：in名师一线讲坛(3)It took a long time to get_to the workers the way the system worked.答案：across名师一线讲坛(4)The next time I saw

36、him he had got_his anger and disappointment.答案：over名师一线讲坛13. break out（坏事）突然发生；爆发break away （from）逃脱；挣脱；脱离break down出故障，抛锚；（身体、精神）垮掉，（关系或讨论）破裂，中止，停顿；分解；砸破，打倒break in闯入；打断；插嘴break into闯进；开始做；打断名师一线讲坛break off停止；断绝（关系）；中断（讨论）；折断；使断开break through冲破；突破break up打碎、粉碎；使（关系）破裂；终止，结束；制止，驱散；放假break with与绝交；与决

37、裂名师一线讲坛比较网站happen，occur，take place，come about，break out(1)happen“发生”，强调偶然性。(2)occur“发生”，指意想不到的事情的发生，与happen基本相同。(3)take place“发生，举行”，强调必然性或按事先的安排或计划而发生。(4)come about“发生”相当于happen。名师一线讲坛(5)break out“发生”，指灾难性的战争、火灾、疾病等的爆发。Accidents like this always happen.这类事故经常发生。The party will take place next Saturd

38、ay.派对下星期六举行。The opportunity to get into computing came about quite by accident.(朗文P414)名师一线讲坛进入计算机行业是一个很偶然的机会。The idea occurred to him in a dream.这个主意是他在梦中想到的。(牛津P1189)The earthquake broke out in the midnight and lots of people were killed.地震发生在午夜，许多人因此遇难。名师一线讲坛即时训练16I was still sleeping when the fi

39、re_，and then it spread quickly.Abroke outBput outCcame out Dgot out名师一线讲坛解析：选A。考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我仍在睡时，突然发生了大火，接着迅速蔓延。break out突然发生；put out扑灭；come out泄露，出版；get out逃离。名师一线讲坛17The computer system_suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.Abroke down Bbroke outCbroke up Dbroke in名师一线讲

40、坛解析：选A。句意：当他在网上搜寻信息时，电脑系统突然不能运转。break down损坏，不能运转；break out爆发；break up拆开，打破；break in闯入。名师一线讲坛14. run out of用完；耗尽use up用完sb.runs out of sth.某人用光某物sth.is run out of某物被用光sth.is running out某物快用光了sb.uses up sth.某人用光某物sth.is used up某物被用光sb.runs short of sth.某人用光某物sth.runs short某物用完了sb./sth.gives out某人精疲力尽

41、/某物用完名师一线讲坛Tom had run out of money and he had to write a letter asking his father to send him some by post.汤姆用完了钱，不得不写信让父亲汇些来。Food in the flooded area ran out fast since more and more people became homeless.名师一线讲坛由于愈来愈多的人无家可归，洪灾区的食品很快就用完了。His strength gave out after he ran that long distance.跑完那么长一

42、段距离，他已筋疲力竭。They have used up their money.他们已经把钱花光了。名师一线讲坛即时训练18Have we_food?Yes，_.Wed better buy some.Arun out of；we have run it outBrun out of；our food has run outCrun out of；our food has been run outDrun out；our food has run out名师一线讲坛解析：选B。本题考查“用完”的表达方式。第一空应用run out of，相当于及物动词，后跟宾语。第二空为our food ha

43、s run out或our food has been run out of；故答案为B。名师一线讲坛19The dog was running_a rabbit.Aon BinCinto Dafter解析：选D。本题考查动词短语。根据句意：狗正在追赶一只兔子，可知选用run after“追赶，追逐”。名师一线讲坛15. carry on继续做某事carry on doing /with sth.继续做某事carry around随身带，携带carry out实行，执行；完成carry away带走，使失去自控力carry （sb./sth.） through使渡过难关；完成，实现carry

44、off赢得；获得名师一线讲坛Carry on with your work.继续干你的工作吧。（朗文P209）Our planes carried out a bombing raid on enemy targets.我们的飞机执行了一项轰炸敌方目标的任务。（朗文P209）Despite powerful opposition,they managed to carry their reforms through.尽管遇到了强大的阻力，他们还是设法进行了改革。（朗文P209）名师一线讲坛He carried off most of the prizes. 他赢得了大多数的奖项。（牛津P243

45、）We must carry on hoping for the best.我们必须抱最好的希望。名师一线讲坛即时训练20用carry的相关短语填空(1)We were_ _by the music.答案：carried away名师一线讲坛(2)They decided to_ _in spite of the weather.答案：carry on名师一线讲坛(3)The attack was_ _by a group of 15 rebels.答案：carried out名师一线讲坛(4)I_ the bags_to the car.答案：carried；around/about名师一线讲坛16. 【教材原句】Although people enjoyed reading his book，many of them thought that Marcos stories about China were too fantastic to be true.尽管人们喜欢读他的书，但是很多人认为马可写的关于中国的故事太离奇了，令人难以置信。句型探究面对面名师一线讲坛【句法分析】(1)此句为含有although引导的状语从句的主从复合句。although 引导的让步状语从句可以与yet，still连用，但不能与but连用。A