2021届高考英语总复习Unit2Cloning课件新人教版选修8

1、范文背诵：Human life can not continue without science and technology. For many years, human society has developed with the advance of science and technology while the development of science and technology has in turn brought the process to mankind.The development of science and technology has brought abo

2、ut many changes in peoples life. For example, the invention of television and space rocket has opened a new era for mankind.Through the use of TV people can hear the sound and learn the events happening thousands of miles away. Owing to the invention of spaceship and rocket, the dream of mans landin

3、g on the moon has now come true.Science and technology also play an important role in our socialist construction. We may say, our socialist construction is just like a skyscraper, while science and technology is its base.Without the base, the skyscraper cant be built. Therefore, we should try our be

4、st to contribute to the development of science and technology so as to provide a more solid base to build our country.人类的生活不能没有科学和技术。多年来，人类社会的发展促进了科学技术的进步，科学技术的发展反过来又推动了人类社会的发展。科学技术的发展给人们的生活带来了许多变化。例如，电视及火箭的发明为人类开创了一个新时代。通过电视，人们可以听到数千英里之外的声音，了解到数千英里之外发生的事件。由于宇宙飞船和火箭的发明，人类登上月球的梦想已经成真。在我们的社会主义建设中，科学技术

5、也扮演着重要的角色，我们可以说，我们的社会主义建设就像一座摩天大楼，而科学技术就是其基础。没有基础，就不能建造摩天大楼。因此，我们应该尽力促进科学和技术的发展，以提供一个更坚实的基础来构建我们的国家。1differ vi.不同；相异differ _./_.和不同2_ vt.(undertook；undertaken)着手；从事；承担3_ vt.(cast；cast)扔；投；掷.词汇与拓展from in undertake cast 4object vi.反对；不赞成object _ sb./sth./doing sth.反对某人/事/做某事5medium n(pl._)媒介；手段；工具6obt

6、ain vt.获得；赢得_ vt.获得；到达(水平、年龄、状况等)7forbid vt.(forbade，forbad；forbidden)禁止，不准forbid sb._ doing/to do sth.禁止某人去做某事tomediaattainfrom8accumulate vt. & vi.积累；积聚accumulate _ fortune积累一笔财富9owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于owe._.把归功于/归因于10retire vi.退休；离开retire _.从退休；退出(比赛等)atofrom11strike vt. & vi.(struck，struck)打；撞击；罢工

7、；n.罢工_ strikes/struck sb.that从句 某人突然想到，猛地意识到12resist vt.抵抗；对抗resist sth./_ sth.抵抗、反对(做)某事13breakthrough n突破break _突破14_ adj.必须做的；义务的；强制的Itdoingthroughcompulsory1exact adj.精确的；准确的_ adv.2commercial adj.商业的；贸易的_ n商业，贸易3correction n改正；纠正；修正_ vt.exactlycommercecorrect4moral adj.道德(上)的；伦理的_ adv.道义上，道德上5co

8、nservative adj.保守的；守旧的_ n保护区，管理6shortly adv.立刻；不久_ adj.短的；近的；缩写的7assumption n假定；设想_ vt.假定，假设；认为morallyconservationshortassume8regulation n规则；规章；法规_ vt.调整，调节9vain adj.虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的_ adv.徒劳地，白费力地10adore vt.崇拜；爱慕；喜爱_ adj.可爱的；讨人喜爱的11reasonable adj.合情理的；讲道理的；公道的_ n原因，理由；vt.推理，推断regulatevainlyadorablereason

9、The argument about cloning is disturbing and bothersome.The ideas quite differ.Some feel cast down because they think it is not morally reasonable and should be forbidden.Actually many countries undertake it and obtain great breakthroughs.So we are unable to resist it.【活学活用】根据英文释义写出下列词汇1_：to be diff

10、erent from2_：correct and without mistakes；precise3_：to get sth.，especially by making an effort4_：method for giving information and news to people5_：soon；right away根据句意用框中所给词的适当形式填空resist，compulsory，forbid，owe，accumulate6Smoking should be _ in public places.7The purpose of education is not just _ kno

11、wledge.8It is _ for all motorcyclists to wear helmets.9He _ his success to hard work.10I couldnt _ telling him the secret.【答案】1.differ2.exact3.obtain4.medium 5shortly6.forbidden7.accumulating 8compulsory9.owes10.resist.短语与运用翻译下列必背短语1与一致，相同 _2反对 _3沮丧_4使人开眼界 _5生下 _6回忆，回顾 _.短语与运用 be identical to /witho

12、bject to doing /have an objection tobe cast down open ones eyes to sth.give birth to.look back on/to.7成功，有回报 _8远离，远远不 _9使复活_10不时，偶尔 _11赞成 _12注定，一定 _pay offbe a long way from doingbring.back to lifefrom time to timebe in favor ofbe bound to do.【活学活用】根据括号里的解释，用恰当的短语完成下列句子。1Did your plan _？(bring good

13、results)2Anyone would be _by such news.(feeling unhappy and depressed) 3It is said that the doctor is able to _ the dying _.(to make sb./sth. alive again)4Youve done so much work that you _pass the exam.(be sure) 5I _your plan because it will cost too much money.(not agree to) 【答案】1.pay off2.cast do

14、wn3.bring; back to life4.are bound to5.object todiffer from不同于；和不同differ in在方面不同make a difference有差别，有影响tell the difference(s) between A and B分清A和Bbe different from.in.在方面与不同1differ v相异；有区别Mutual support and trust often make a great difference.互相支持与信任往往很重要。完成句子They are sisters but they (1) _(不同于) ea

15、ch other in their habits and they also (2)_(不同) each other in many ways.But that (3) _(不受影响)【答案】(1)are different from(2)differ from (3)doesnt make any differenceundertaken./pron.承担undertake to do.着手做；答应做undertake that.保证2undertake v承担；许诺，答应She undertook the responsibility for the changes.她承担了这些变革的责任

16、。完成句子(1)He undertook that he would finish the job by Friday.He _ the job by Friday.(2)They_(承担了一项任务)【答案】(1)undertook to finish(2)undertook a taskbe struck with/by为所袭击(感动)It strikes me that.我觉得；我的印象是be on strike在罢工go on strike举行罢工striking adj.显著的；引人注目的3strike n罢工；v.打击；突然侵袭；突然想到(产生)；(钟)敲响报时；划(火柴)The b

17、ig one is the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk，together with the increases in the price of fruits and vegetables.一个很大的原因是像面包和牛奶类的食物成本显著上升，水果和蔬菜的价格也在上涨。单句改错(1)One cant but be strike by the enthusiasm of the representatives present.(2)Workers have been under strike since Friday.【答

18、案】(1)strike改为struck(2)under改为onforbid doing sth.禁止做某事forbid sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事forbid sb.to do sth.禁止某人做某事Its forbidden to do sth.做某事是禁止的4forbid v禁止；不准A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fossilfuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by wellmeaning members of green pol

19、itical movements trying to save the world，.一个孩子死于室内浓烟，在他所在的村庄里，一些出于好心的人士禁止人们使用化石燃料发电，他们这样做的目的是为了拯救地球完成句子(1)Their father _(禁止他们去)(2)I forbid that you _ (进入)the room.【答案】(1)forbade them to go/from going(2)(should) enterresist doing sth.抵制做某事resistance n反抗；抵制put up resistance to.进行对的抵抗5resist v抵制；抗拒；反抗

20、Through educating himself and strengthening his own will power, every individual should resist the temptation of cigarettes. 每个人都应该通过自我教育及强化自己的意志力来抗拒香烟的诱惑。用适当的介词或括号内单词的正确形式填空(1)I couldnt resist_(tell) him the secret.(2)There has been lots of _(resist)_this new law.【答案】(1)telling(2)resistance；topay _

21、付的钱；为而付出代价pay back偿付；报答；向报复pay a visit to访问pay up付清；还清6pay off得到好结果；取得成功；偿清Tall people pay more for larger beds.高个子的人们对较大号的床要付更多的钱。用pay短语的适当形式填空(1)I am sure that he will_every cent he owes you.(2)They doubted whether all this work would_. (3)If you dont_，Ill take you to court.(4)I have had to_repair

22、s to the house. 【答案】for(1)pay back(2)pay off(3)pay up (4)pay forcast light _弄清楚cast doubt on使怀疑cast shadow over在上投下阴影7cast down使沮丧；使不愉快Dont be so cast down.Just keep up your spirits.不要这么沮丧，打起精神来。完成句子(1)He _(很少情绪低落)(2)This latest evidence _ serious _ his version of events.最新的证据使人们十分怀疑他对事件的说法。【答案】on/u

23、pon(1)is not easily cast down (2)casts；doubt onowe sb.sth.for.因某物欠某人的钱owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物；把归功于owe it to sb.to do sth.(为了感谢某人)应该做；有义务做_ to由于8owe sb.sth.owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物I owed the garage $20 for the new tyre.因那个新轮胎我欠汽车修理厂20美元。完成句子(1)He owed his friend $50.He _ his friend.单句改错(2)He helped

24、 you a lot.You own to him to invite him to dinner.【答案】owing(1)owed $50 to(2)在to前加itobject to sb./sth.反对，不赞成某人/某事object to sb._ sth.反对某人做某事be for/against.支持/反对9object to反对；不赞成I dont mind her criticizing me，but it is how she does it that I object to.我不介意她批评我，但我反对的是她做这件事的方式。用括号内单词的正确形式填空(1)I object to_

25、(charge) for_ (park)单句改错(2)If nobody objects to，well postpone the meeting till next week.【答案】doing(1)being charged；parking(2)objects to去掉to或在to后加it1Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。 句式提取：此句中的that引导的从句为同位语从句，that仅起连接作用，无意义。用适当的连词填空She has no idea_he is a

26、 teacher.【答案】that2Dollys death, like her birth, was bound to raise worries. 多莉之死，正如它的出世一样，注定要带来焦虑。 句式提取：be bound to do sth. 一定做某事；有责任或义务做某事。句式仿写We _ (有义务) obey the law.【答案】are bound to3Diversity in a group means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways. 种群的多样性指的是拥有基因排列方式不同的动物。句式提取：

27、“with宾语宾补”复合结构。单句改错He sat there with his eyes close.【答案】close改为closed1Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。 分析：(1)表示方位、时间或方式的副词或介词短语，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, off, out, in the room, on the wall等置于句首时，句子倒装。Look, here comes the bus.看，公共汽车来了

28、。Out rushed the children.孩子们冲了出去。(2)本句中的news与that Dolly had become seriously ill是同位语关系。一个名词或代词后面有时可接一个单词、短语或从句，对前者做进一步的解释，说明它指的是谁或是什么，这就是同位语。We heard of the news that our team had won.我们听说了我们队赢了这一消息。We must face the fact that we have run out of all the money.我们必须面对我们已花完了钱这一事实。句子翻译My family persuaded

29、 me that a holiday might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I went.(2014安徽)_【答案】我家人劝我说一个这样的假期也许是医生要求我做的事情，于是我就去了。2. Could it be solved if corrections were made in their research procedure？如果改进研究程序，问题会不会解决呢？分析：if用于虚拟语气的情况：类别条件从句结果主句与现在事实相反If主语动词过去式(be动词用were)主语would/could/might动词原形类别条件从句结果主句与过去事

30、实相反If主语had动词的ed形式主语would have 动词的ed形式与将来事实相反A式：If主语动词过去式B式：If主语were to动词原形C式：If主语should动词原形主语would/could/might动词原形注意：条件句中有were，had，should时，可以省略if，而把were，had，should放在主语前，用倒装结构。这种用法主要用于书面语中。Maybe if I had studied science，and not literature then，I would be able to give you more help.或许如果那时我学的是理科，而不是文科，

31、我现在将能给你更多的帮助。句子翻译When I was a child, my parents gave me a piggy bank to teach me that, if I wanted something, I should save money to buy it.(2014浙江)_【答案】当我还是孩子的时候，我的父母亲就给了我的一个储蓄罐并教会我如果我想要什么东西，我就应该存钱来买它。.语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Hard work is good for health.Scientists find that 1._(

32、hardwork) people live longer than average men and women. Working women are 2._(health) than housewives. Evidence shows that 3._ jobless are in poorer health than the jobholders.Why is work good for health? It is 4._work keeps people busy, away from loneliness and worry.When people are busy they are

33、usually much happier. Many successful people 5._love their jobs feel that they are happiest when they are working hard.In this way work is a bridge between man and reality and a way to build up 6._(friend). The loss of work means the loss of everything. It affects mans spirit and 7._(make) him more

34、likely to suffer from disease.Besides, work gives one a sense of fulfillment and a sense of 8._(achieve). Work makes one feel his value and status in society. When a writer finishes his writing or a doctor 9._(success) operates on a patient or a teacher sees his students grow, they are happy beyond

35、words.So tomorrow when you are walking to work or school remember that it is part of 10._(live) a healthy and happy life.【答案与解析】1. hardworking【解析】此处用形容词修饰名词people，指努力工作的人。2healthier【解析】后面有than, 这里用比较级。3. the【解析】theadj.表示一类人。the jobless指没有工作的人。4because【解析】回答以why提出的特殊疑问句，只能用because。5who/that【解析】关系代词引导

36、定语从句。6friendship【解析】这里用名词，指增进友谊。7makes【解析】与affects并列做谓语，用动词第三人称单数形式。8. achievement【解析】此处应填名词，前面fulfillment是提示。指满足感和成就感。9successfully【解析】副词修饰动词operates。10living【解析】介词后接动名词。.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。She was only about five feet tall and probably never weighed more than 110 pou

37、nds. However, Miss Bessie was a(n) _1_ presence in the classroom. From 1938 to 1942, when I attended Bernard High School, she taught me a lot _2_ I realized.There was never a(n) _3_problem in Miss Bessies classes. We didnt dare to trouble a woman who knew about the Battle of Hasting and could also p

38、lay the piano and_4_Shakespeare and Milton.Miss Bessie knew that my family couldnt afford to buy a newspaper. She knew we didnt _5_ own a radio. Still, she _6_me to “look out for your_7_and find some way to _8_ whats going on in the world.” _9_ I became a delivery boy who delivered newspapers. I _10

39、_ made a dollar a week, but I got to read a newspaper every day.Miss Bessie noticed things that had nothing to do with schoolwork, but were vital to a youngsters _11_. Once a few classmates made fun of my _12_overcoat. As I was leaving school, Miss Bessie _13_ me on the back of that old overcoat and

40、 said, “Carl, never worry about what you dont have. Just make the most of what you do havea(n) _14_.”Among the things that I didnt have was _15_ in the little wooden house. But because of her _16_， I spent many hours beside a kerosene lamp(煤油灯) reading Shakespeare. Miss Bessie introduced me _17_ a w

41、onderful world of poems and stories. She led me to _18_that I could write poems as well as Shakespeare.So I read _19_ Miss Bessie told me to, and tried to remember the things she insisted that I store. Years later, her encouragement finally led to that lovely day when Miss Bessie dropped me a note_2

42、0_ “Im so proud to read your article in The Times.”(山西省2015届高三第二次联考)1Aamusing BtoweringCinteresting Dexciting2Amore than Bless thanCbetter than Dworse than3Aacademy BhomeworkCrace Ddiscipline 4Amake use of Bmake fun ofCmake sense of Dmake light of5Aeven BstillCever Dyet6Aallowed BforcedCturned Denco

43、uraged7Ahappiness BfutureCfamily Dmistake8Acatch up with Bcome up withCkeep up with Dput up with9ASo BAndCBecause DAs10Aalways BmerelyCsometimes Dalmost11Acharacter BhealthCdevelopment Dperformance12Acolourful BmodernCinformal Dused13Apatted BhitCstruck Dtapped14Ahouse BovercoatCradio Dbrain15Amoney

44、 BelectricityCwater Dgas16Ainspiration BangerCcuriosity Dsponsorship17Ato BinCof Dabout18Aimagine BbelieveCdream Dinsist19Awhenever BwhereverCwhichever Dwhatever20Awriting BprintingCsaying Dspeaking【答案与解析】【文章大意】作者的恩师贝西小姐虽然其貌不扬，可是她学识渊博。在她的鼓励下，作者一步步走向成功。1B【解析】A意为有趣的，好笑的；B杰出的，高大的；C有趣的；D令人兴奋的。句意：但贝西小姐在教

45、室里形象极其高大。2A【解析】A意为超过；B少于；C更好；D更糟。句意：从1938年到1942年，她教我的比我意识到的多得多。3D【解析】A意为学院；B家庭作业；C竞争；D纪律。句意：她的课堂上从来没有纪律问题。4C【解析】A意为利用；B嘲笑；C理解，弄清楚；D轻视；小看。句意：我们不敢跟一个知道黑斯廷斯战役、能弹钢琴、能读懂莎士比亚和弥尔顿的作品的女教师捣乱。5A【解析】A意为甚至；B仍然；C曾经；D已经。句意：她知道我家甚至连收音机也没有。6D【解析】A意为允许；B迫使；C转；D鼓励。句意：但她还是鼓励我“要为自己的未来着想，设法了解天下大事”。7B【解析】A意为幸福；B将来；C家庭；D错

46、误。句意：要为自己的未来着想。8C【解析】A意为赶上；B追赶上，提出；C与保持一致，紧跟，不落后；D忍受。句意：要为自己的未来着想，设法了解天下大事。9A【解析】A意为因此；B并且；C因为；D当的时候。句意：因此我成了一个送报员。10B【解析】A意为总是；B仅仅；C有时；D几乎。句意：我一星期只挣1美金，但我每天都能读到报纸。11C【解析】A意为性格；B健康；C发展；D表演。句意：贝西小姐十分关注某些虽与功课无关，但对孩子的成长却至关重要的事。12D【解析】A意为多姿多彩的；B现代的；C非正式的；D旧的。句意：一次几个同学拿我那件穿烂了的旧大衣开玩笑。13A【解析】A意为轻拍；B敲击；C打；D

47、轻声走。句意：放学回家时，贝西小姐拍拍我穿着那件旧大衣的背部说。14D【解析】A意为房子；B大衣；C收音机；D大脑。句意：要充分利用你拥有的东西脑子。15B【解析】A意为钱；B电；C水；D汽。根据下文“I spent many hours beside a kerosene lamp”可知是没电。16A【解析】A意为鼓励，鼓舞；B生气；C好奇；D赞助。句意：但由于她的鼓励，我花了大量时间在煤油灯下阅读莎士比亚的作品。17A【解析】introduce sth.to sb.“把某物介绍给某人，使某人了解某物”。18B【解析】A意为想象；B相信；C做梦；D坚持。句意：她使我相信，我能写出不比莎士比亚

48、逊色的诗。19D【解析】A意为无论何时；B无论哪里；C无论哪个；D无论什么。句意：told me to缺少宾语，故用D。20C【解析】A意为写；B印刷；C说；D讲。句意：我在泰晤士报上读到你的专栏文章，我深感骄傲。.阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。Whether it is Mozart or Miley, your choice of music could determine whether you will perform well at your job.A new study suggests that listening to musi

49、c in the office improves the speed and accuracy of tasks such as data entry, proof reading and problem solving.In an officebased experiment, 88 percent of participants were found to produce their most accurate work when listening to music.The study also found that 81 percent completed their fastest

50、work when music was played.And it matters what type of music you listen to.For instance, if youre doing your tax returns, then classical music is the most effective as it improves maths skills.Listening to Jessie J or Justin Bieber could also improve your speed, with 58 percent of participants compl

51、eting data entry tasks faster while listening to pop songs.During proofreading, dance music, such as David Guetta, had the biggest positive impact with participants increasing their speed by 20 percent compared to tests undertaken with no music at all.Dance music also had a positive effect on spellc

52、hecking with a 75 percent pass rate compared to 68 percent when no music was played at all.The research, undertaken by Brightonbased Mindlab International, suggests that silent offices may be the least productive.The Music Works experiment revealed a positive correlation between music and productivi

53、ty.Overall, it showed that when listening to music, nine out of ten people performed better, said Dr David Lewis, chairman of Mindlab International.1Whose music can help you do maths homework according to the study?AThe music of Justin Bieber.BThe music of Mozart.CThe music of David Guetta.DThe musi

54、c of David Lewis.2The result of the experiment showed that when music was played, _.A88% of people worked fasterB81% of people did their most accurate workC90% of people worked betterD75% of people completed data entry task faster3What can we conclude from the passage?AMusic may be helpless to peopl

55、e in office.BSilent offices can make people work better.CDifferent kinds of music have the same effect.DSilent offices may make people work least profitably.【答案与解析】【文章大意】研究表明，听音乐可以大大改善工作的效率。但是，这里面也有讲究，一些特定的音乐往往可以改善特定类型的工作的质量和效率。1B【解析】根据文章的第二段的最后一句可知，听古典音乐可以提高数学能力。根据常识，四个选项中，只有莫扎特的音乐属于古典音乐。2C【解析】根据文章

56、的最后一段的最后一句可知，百分之九十的人在听音乐的时候更够更好地工作。3D【解析】通过通读文章每一段的首句并结合文章所列举的数字后可以概括得知，绝大多数的人在听音乐的时候能够极大地提升工作效率。由此可以推知，在没有音乐的安静环境无益于人们的工作。.七选五阅读根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Health is the most important thing in the world.Nothing is more important than health.If we take away our money，houses，cars or eve

57、n our clothes，we can still survive._1_That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly.How can we keep healthy？In order to eat healthily，I usually avoid eating food high in fat，like French fries or cookies，which are junk foods._2_ I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit whi

58、ch are full of vitamins._3_Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body.Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.Whats more，I think friends are an important part of ones health._4_ I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone.When I am with my friends

59、，I always laugh.Laughing is also an important part of health.It is good to stay with my friends.By eating properly and exercising regularly，I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy.By spending time with my friends，I can keep my mind as well as my body happy.These things sound easy to d

60、o，but not many people can manage them._5_AOn the other hand，doing exercise is very important.BThere are some people who like staying alone，but they keep healthy.CMany studies show that people with a range of social contacts dont get sick.DBut if our health is taken away，it is certain that we will su