私人飞行员地面学校课程培训课件Lesson 3- Flight Instruments

1、Flight InstrumentsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe Pitot Static SystemMeasures the outside air to determine Altitude, Forward Speed and Vertical SpeedThese Instruments are effected by:US Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolAir PressureAir TemperatureSystem ComponentsUS Avia

2、tion Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe Airspeed IndicatorTypes of AirspeedIndicated Airspeed (IAS) Calibrated Airspeed (CAS)True Airspeed (TAS) Groundspeed (GS)US Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolSTAGE CHECK QUESTION?What are the different types of Airspeed?ANSWER: ICE TG acronymI In

3、dicated AirspeedC Calibrated AirspeedE Equivalent AirspeedT True AirspeedG Ground SpeedUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe AltimeterStage Check Question?What are the different types of altitudes? PAID T acronym P- Pressure Altitude A - Absolute Altitude I- Indicated Altitude D Density

4、 Altitude T- True AltitudeThe Kollsman WindowAltimeter Set Correctly1 inch Hg. = 1000 feetUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe Vertical Speed IndicatorUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolInstrument FailuresUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolBlocked Pitot TubeBloc

5、ked Pitot LineBlocked Static SystemThe Gyroscopic InstrumentsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolGyroscopic System Principles Gyroscopic Precession Rigidity in SpaceUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe Vacuum SystemUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe Heading I

6、ndicatorUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe Turn CoordinatorUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolThe Attitude IndicatorUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolAttitude IndicatorPitch and Bank IndicationsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolMagnetic CompassUS

7、 Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground SchoolMagnetic Compass ErrorsSensitive to in-flight turbulenceVariationAngular difference between true and magnetic northAll courses on IFR charts are magneticDeviationError due to magnetic interference with metal components and magnetic fields in the aircraftU

8、S Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground School17Magnetic Compass Errors - VariationUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground School18Magnetic DipUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground School19Magnetic DipResponsible for most significant errorsThe magnets in the compass try to point three dimensiona

9、lly toward the earths magnetic north pole, which is actually located well below the earths surfaceCompass cards are weighted at the south end to alleviate the problemThese weights cause our compass errorsUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground School20Northerly Turning ErrorOccurs when turning to a

10、 heading of north or southApparent at the poles but diminish as you approach the equatorNortherly HeadingThe compass swings the opposite direction of the turn (initially)Eventually begins to turn the correct direction, catching up as you approach east or westSoutherly HeadingSwings in the correct di

11、rection but at a faster than actual rateSlows down as you reach east or west US Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground School21Northerly Turning ErrorUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground School22UNOSUndershoot NorthOvershoot SouthThe approximate lead or lag will match your latitude Acceleration/D

12、ecelerationMost apparent on east or west headingsThe compass swings toward the north when accelerating and toward the south when deceleratingReturns to normal when the speed stabilizesUS Aviation Academy Private Pilot Ground School23Acceleration ErrorUSFA Instrument Pilot Ground School Course24ANDSA

13、ccelerate NorthDecelerate SouthSTAGE CHECK QUESTION?What are the errors associated with the Magnetic Compass?ANSWER: VD MONA acronym.V Variation (Difference between True and Magnetic North)D Deviation (Interference to the magnetic sensors in the compass)M Magnetic Dip (Worst at N & S Poles)O Oscilla

14、tionsN Northerly Turning Error (UNOS)A Acceleration Error (ANDS)USFA Instrument Pilot Ground School CourseStage Check Question?Tell me about the Attitude Indicator.How do you answer this question?ANSWER: PIMPLE AcronymP Power SourceVacuum SystemI IndicationsShows Pitch and BankM MarkingsBlue Sky, Br

15、own earth, Miniature Airplane, Degrees of Bank (10, 20, 30, 60, etc), Degrees of PitchP Principle of OperationRigidity in Space, Horizontally mounted gyro on Dual Gimbals, etc.L LimitationsMax degrees of pitch and Bank, etc.E Errors Acceleration error, tumbling, etcUSE THIS ACRONYM TO HELP YOU ORGANIZE, LEARN, AND PROPERLY RESPOND TO THESE TYPES OF QUESTIONS IN A STAGE CHECKUSFA Instrument Pilot Ground School CourseHom