社会政治与经济类英语热点词块翻译

1、社会政治与经济类英语热点词块翻译(3)EEarning 收益，收入，工资accumulated earnings 积累收益annual earnings 年收益earning assets 盈利资产earning capacity 盈利能力earning of capital 资本收益earnings after tax 税后收益earnings before interest and income tax (EBIT) 税前收益earnings per share (EPS) 每股平均收益earnings rate 收益率earnings ratio 收益率earnings target 收

2、益目标gross earnings 毛利，毛收益real earnings 实际收益 retained earnings 留存收益Economic 经济的economic analysis 经济分析economic and technical development zone 经济技术开发区economic base 经济基础economic community 经济共同体economic cooperation zone 经济协作区economic crisis 经济危机economic cycle 经济周期 HYPERLINK 中国最大的资料库下载economic depression 经

3、济萧条economic efficiency 经济效益economic entity 经济实体economic forecast 经济预测economic foundation 经济基础economic growth rate 经济增长率economic integration 经济一体化economic miracle 经济奇迹economic order 经济秩序economic policy 经济政策economic potential 经济潜力economic prospect 经济展望economic recovery 经济复苏economic sanctions 经济制裁econo

4、mic situation 经济形势economic system 经济体制，经济制度economic value 经济价值East Asia Economic Rim 东亚经济圈Economics 经济学economics of industry 工业经济学economics of management 管理经济学economics of scale 规模经济学Economy 经济closed economy 闭关自守经济commodity economy 商品经济economy measure 经济手段economies of scale 规模经济market economy 市场经济mi

5、xed economy 混合经济planned economy 计划经济Effective 有效的，实际的effective exchange rate 实际汇率effective liability 实际负债Efficiency 效率，有效性efficiency in operation 经营效率Efficient 高效率的，有效的efficient market 有效市场efficient portfolio 高效率投资Eligible 合格的，合法的eligible bidders 合格的投标商eligible products 合格产品Emergency loan 紧急贷款Emergi

6、ng 新兴的emerging industry 新兴产业emerging market economy 新兴市场经济emerging nation 新兴国家Employee 职员，雇员employee benefits 职工福利employee pensions 职工养老金employee retirement fund 职工退休基金employee stock ownership plan 职工持股计划employees association 职工联合会employees insurance fund 职工保险基金employees representative 职工代表employees

7、 rights 职工权力Employer 雇主employers association 雇主联合会Employment 就业，职业employment agency 职业介绍所employment application 就此申请employment certificate 就业证明employment contract 就业合同employment opportunities 就业机会full employment 充分就业Encourage 鼓励encourage investment 鼓励投资Endowment 养老金，捐赠endowment insurance 养老保险Energy

8、能源energy crisis 能源危机Enforcement 强制执行enforcement measure 强制措施Engineer 工程师Engineering 工程Enhance 加强，提高Enlarge 扩大enlarge the right of self-management 扩大自主权Entrepreneur 企业家Enterpreneurial 企业家的enterpreneurial courage 企业家的胆略enterpreneurial spirit 企业家精神Enterprise 企业backbone enterprise 骨干企业central enterprise

9、s 中央企业collectively-owned enterprises 集体企业combined enterprise 联合企业enterprise accounting 企业会计enterprise development fund 企业发展基金enterprise law 企业法enterprises management mechanisms 企业管理机制foreign-funded enterprises 外资企业large and medium-size enterprises 大中型企业local enterprises 地方企业modern enterprise system

10、现代企业制度money-lossing enterprises 亏损企业state-owned enterprises 国有企业township enterprises 乡镇企业Entertainment 娱乐，交际entertainment duty 筵席税，娱乐税Environment 环境environment protection 环境保护Equal 同等的，相同的equal employment opportunity 同等就业机会Equally competition 平等竟争Equipment 设备equipment leasing 设备租赁equipment trust bon

11、d 设备信托债券Equity 权益，股本，资产净值equity account 权益帐户equity capital 自有资本，股权资本equity capital transaction 产权资本转让equity capital turnover 产权资本周转率equity earnings 参股收益，股本盈利equity financing 产权筹资equity investment 股本投资equity market 权益市场equity ownership 资本所有权equity security 股票equity share 普通股票equity stock 股票，产权股票equit

12、y to assets ratio 权益对资产比率equity to debt ratio 权益对债务比率equity transaction 净值交易Establishment 建立establishment of socialist market economy 社会主义市场经济的建立Estate 不动产，房地产，财产，遗产estate tax 遗产税bankrupts estate 破产者财产Estimate 预算，估算estimate budget 概算Estimated 预计的，估计的estimated cost 估计成本estimated tax 估计税额Estimation 估计

13、，鉴别European Currency Unit 欧洲货币单位European common market 欧洲共同市场European Monetary Unit 欧洲货币联盟Evaluation 估价，评价evaluation of performance 业绩评价evaluation principle 估价原则evaluation sheet 估价单Evaluator 评估员Even 公平的，偶数even bargain 公平交易even exchange 公平交换Evidence 证明，证据，证人evidence of title 所有权证明Examination 检查，审查exa

14、mination of title 审查所有权Exceptional 例外的，特别的exceptional case 例外情况exceptional court 特别法院Excess 额外的，余额，超额excess profit 超额利润Excessive 过多的，过度的excessive growth 过度增长excessive inflation 过度通货膨胀excessive production capacity 过剩的生产能力excessive profit 超额利润Exchange 交换，交易exchange control 外汇控制free exchange rate 自由汇率s

15、tock exchange regulation 股票交易规定Exclusive 独家的，专营的exclusive agency 独家代理exclusive sale 专营，包销Executive 执行的executive board 董事会executive committee 执行委员会Exempt 豁免，免除exempt from taxation 免税exempt income 免税收入Expected 预期的expected capacity 预计生产能力expected earning 预期收益expected profit 预期利润expected return 语期收益Expe

16、nditure 支出，费用expenditure on capital account 资本帐户支出gross domestic expenditure 国内支出总额Expense 支出，费用depreciation expenses 折旧费entertainment expenses 交际费，招待费expense budget 费用概算expenses of bankruptcy proceedings 破产手续费research and development expenses 研究开发费travel expenses 差旅费Export 出口，输出export of capital 资本

17、输出export subsidy 出口补贴export tax 出口税Extensive 粗放的extensive management 粗放经营External 外部的external debt 外债Extra 额外的extra cost 额外成本extra profit 额外收入FFace 表面，票面face amount of bond 债券票面金额face interest rate 债券票面利率face value of share 股票票面价值 Facility 设施，设备，服务机构facility charge 设备费facility cost 设备成本Factor 要素，因子f

18、actor analysis 因素分析factor of production 生产要素Factory 工厂factory overhead 工厂费用Fail 丧失支付能力，破产Failure 破产，倒闭，失败，无支付能力debtors failure 债务人破产Fair 交易会，公平的，合理的fair and reasonable price 公平合理价格fair dealing 公平交易fair market competition 公平市场竟争fair market value 公平市场价格fair rate of profit 公平利润率fair rate of return 公平收益

19、率fair trade registration 公平交易法规fair valuation 合理估价fair-price shop 平价商店FallFallingFalse 假的false account 假帐false bill 假单据false tax 瞒税Family 家庭，家族family business 家族企业family company 家族公司family economy 家庭经济family farm 家庭农场Famous 有名的famous-brand products 名牌产品Farm 农场farm population 农业人口farm surplus 剩余农产品Fa

20、rmer 农民，农场主Farming 农业Favorable 有利的，赞成的favorable interest rate 优惠利率favorable trade balance 贸易顺差Feasibility study 可行性研究Federal 联邦的Federal Agency 联邦政府机构Federal Fund Rate 美国联邦基金利率federal income tax 联邦所得税Federal Reserve Board 联邦储备局Federal Trade Commission 联邦贸易委员会FIFO (first in first out) 先进先出Final 最后的fin

21、al account 决算帐户final date 截止日期final dividend 期末股息final settlement 决算Finance 财政，金融finance company 财务公司，金融公司 Financer 金融家Financial 财政的，金融的，财务的all-purpose financial statement 通用财务报表certified financial statement 经会计师证明的财务报表consolidated financial statement 合并财务报表Financial Accounting Standards Board 财务会计标

22、准委员会financial advisor 财务顾问financial aid 财政补助financial budgeting 财务预算编制financial crisis 财政危机financial future 金融期货financial group 财团financial institution 金融机构financial lease 融资租赁financial leverage 财务杠杆financial market 金融市场financial position 财务状况financial statement 财务报表financial status 财务状况financial sy

23、stem 金融体系，金融制度financial year 财政年度non-bank financial instititions 非银行金融机构Financing 筹资，融资，提供资金bank financing 银行融资financing corporation 金融公司 financing cost 融资成本financing mixs risk and reward 融资组合的风险和回报Financially troubled company 财政遇到困难的公司Fire 解雇，火灾Firm 公司，企业，商号collective firm 合作企业private firm 非上市公司，私有

24、企业state-owned firm 国有企业state-run firm 国有企业Fiscal 财务的，财政的fiacal burden 财政负担fiscal capital 金融资本fiscal fuction 财政功能fiscal measure 财政措施Fixed 固定的fixed assets accounting 固定资产核算fixed assets cost 固定资产成本fixed assets depreciation rate 固定资产折旧率fixed assets investment 固定资产投资fixed assets losses in suspense 待处理固定资

25、产损失fixed assets ratio 固定资产比率fixed deposit 定期存款fixed exchange rate 固定汇率fixed mortgage 定期抵押，固定抵押fixed transfer price 固定转让价格investment in fixed assets 固定资产投资Flea market 跳蚤市场Flexible 弹性的，灵活的flexible budget 弹性预算flexible job system 弹性工作制度flexible working hours 弹性工作时间Floating 流动的floating assets 流动资产floatin

26、g debt 短期债务，流动负债floating exchange rate 浮动汇率floating liability 流动负债floating rate of interest 浮动利率Flow 流动，流量flow of funds analysis 资金流转分析Fluctuation 波动，涨落economic fluctuation 经济波动fluctuation in exchange 汇率涨落Focus 专一化Forecast 预测Forecasting 预测 Foreign 外国的foreign currency account 外汇帐户foreign currency bal

27、ance 外汇平衡foreign exchange loss 外汇对换损失foreign exchange rate 汇率 foreign exchange reserve 外汇储备foreign funded enterprise 外资企业foreign government loans 外国政府贷款Fortune 500 美国幸运杂志每年评出的全球500家最 大企业Forward 未来的，期货forward buying 期货收购forward contract 期货合同forward dealing 期货交易forward market 期货市场forward exchange rate

28、 远期汇率forward transaction 期货交易Fractional share 不足一股的零碎股票Free 自由的，免除的free competition 自由竟争free exchange rate 自由汇率free from debt 免除债务free from encumbrances 放弃债权free from taxes 免税free market economics 自由市场经济free port 自由港，免税港free on board 离岸价格free territory 免税区free trade zone 自由贸易区Friedman 佛里德曼Frozen 冻结的

29、frozen account 冻结帐户frozen assets 冻结资产frozen capita 冻结资金frozen loan 冻结贷款frozen price 冻结价格frozen wage 冻结工资Full 全面的，完全的full costing 完全成本计算full employment 充分就业fullfaith and credit bond 市政信用债款Function 功能，职能，函数function of supervision 监督职能Functional 功能的，职能的functional authority 职权，职能functional department 职能

30、部门functional organization 职能机构Fund 基金，专款benevolent fund 慈善基金fund accounting 基金会计fund assets 基金资产fund flow analysis 资金流量分析fund management 基金管理fund raising cost 筹资成本leverage fund 平衡基金，杠杆基金mutual fund 共同基金pension fund 养老基金trust fund 信贷基金Fundamental accounting equation 基本会计恒等式Futures 期货交易，远期交易dealings i

31、n futures 期货交易futures exchange 期货交易所futures market 期货市场futures price 期货价格GGain 获得，得到，收益 gain or loss 损益Galloping inflation 恶性通货膨胀Gamble 投机，赌博gamble in stock 股票投机Gambler 投机商，赌徒Gap 间隙，间隔gap of wealth 贫富差距narrowing the gap between the rich and poor 缩小贫富差距General 总的，普通的General accepted accounting princi

32、ples (GAAP) General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade(GATT) 关税贸易总协定general contractor 总承包商general expense 日常开支，一般费用general fund 普通基金general index 总指数general journal 普通日记帐general ledger 总帐，普通分类帐general obligation bond 一般义务债款Generalized preferential system （贸易）普遍优惠制Generation 一代人generation gap 代沟generati

33、on-skipping transfer 隔代资产转移Geographical 区域的，地理的geographical specialization 地区专业化Gift 礼品，赠与gift coupons 礼品卷gift tax 赠与税Gilt-edged bond 金边债券Glamor stock 热门股票Global 全球的，全面的，总的global economy 全球经济global society 国际社会Globalization 全球化economic globalization 经济全球化GNP 国民生产总值GNP at constant prices 按固定价格计算的国民生产

34、总值GNP at market prices 按市场价格计算的国民生产总值Go public 股票上市Gold 黄金gold and foreign exchange reserves 黄金外汇储备gold bonds 黄金债券gold bullion market 黄金市场gold crisis 黄金危机Good title 有效所有权Goodwill 信誉Government 政府government agency 政府机构government bond 公债，政府债券government control 政府控制government directed 国家指导的government em

35、ployee 政府雇员government enterprise 政府企业government intervention 政府干预government loan 政府贷款government official 政府官员government operated business 国营企业government property 政府财产government supervision 国家监督government transfer payment 政府转移支付Grace period 债务宽限期Graft 受贿，贪污Grant 专用拨款，赠款grant-in-aid for agriculture 农业

36、财政拨款grant-in-aid fund 财政补贴基金Gross 毛重，总重，总额gross assets 总资产Gross Domestic Product(GDP) 国内生产总值Gross National Product(GNP) 国民生产总值Norminal GNP 名义GNPReal GNP 实际GNP gross margin 毛利gross profit 毛利润gross profit margin 毛利润率 gross retail sales 零售总额Group 集团，团体，组group company 集团公司group of enterprises 企业集团Group

37、of Seven (G-7) 七国集团Grouped by 按.划分grouped by ownership 按所有制划分grouped by sector 按行业划分Growth 增长growth funds 增长基金growth potential 增长潜力growth rate of earnings 收益增长率Guarantee 担保，保证Guaranteed 有保证的，有担保的guarenteed bond 有信用担保的债券guaranteed investment contract 担保投资合同guaranteed mortgage 担保抵押guaranteed security

38、担保证券Guaranty 保证金，保证Guide price 指导价Guidline 指导原则HHard 硬的hard currency area 硬通货地区hard money 硬通货，硬币Hardware 硬件hardware store 五金商店Head office 总行，总公司Headquarters 总部Health 健康health care 医疗health insurance 医疗保险Heavy 沉重的heavy debts 沉重的债务heavy industry 重工业heavy social burdens 沉重的社会负担Hidden 隐蔽的，隐藏的hidden asse

39、ts 帐外资产，隐匿资产hidden inflation 隐性的通货膨胀hidden tax 隐蔽税High 高high added-value 高附加值high technology 高技术High yield bond funds 高收益债券基金high-efficiency 高效的high-quality 高质量的high-tech stock 高技术股票high-yield 高产的Higher bid 竟卖较高价格Highlight 重点Hire 雇，租Holder of stock 股票持有人Holding 持有，占有的holding bank 控股银行holding company

40、 控股公司，母公司holding corporation 控股公司Horizontal 水平的，横向的horizontal acquisition 横向收购horizontal combination 横向合并，同行业合并horizontal integration 横向联合horizontal merger 横向兼并Hospital benefits 医疗福利费Housing 住房，住房建设housing add 住房补贴housing allowance 住房津贴housing distribution 住房分配housing reform 住房改革 public housing fund

41、ing system 住房公基金制度Human 人human capital 人力资本human relation 人际关系human resource 人力资源human rights 人权Hypothecary 抵押的hypothecary credit 抵押信贷hypothecary debt 抵押债务Hypothecated assets 抵押财产IIdle 闲置的idle capacity 闲置生产能力idle facility 闲置设备idle fixed assets 闲置固定资产idle fund 闲置资金idle production equipments 闲置生产设备Ill

42、egal 不合法的illegal dealings 非法交易illegal dividend 非法分红illegal income 不合法收入Illicit 非法的，禁止的illicit bankruptcy 违法的破产Image advertising 形象广告Impairment 亏损 Imperfect 不完全的imperfect competition 不完全竟争imperfect market 不完全市场Import 进口，输入import of capital 资本输入import tax 进口税In line with 与.相一致in line with internationa

43、l practices 与国际贯例接轨Income 收入，收益gross income 收入总额income account 收益帐户income approach to fair market value 求得市场公平价格的收益法income before tax 税前收入income from investments 投资收益income gap 收入差距income property 收益财产income statement 收益表income tax law 所得税法income tax return 所得税申报表income to net worth ratio 净值收益率Incon

44、vertible 不可转换的Incorporation 公司articles of incorporation 公司章程Increment tax 增值税Incumbrance 财产抵押权Index 指数，索引cost-of living index 生活费用指数index number of consumer price 消费品价格指数index number of stock price 股票价格指数index of social peogress 社会进步指数physical quality of life index 物质生活质量指数Indicator 指标Indirect 间接的in

45、direct charge 间接费用indirect cost 间接成本Individual 单个的，个体的，单独的individual economy 个体经济individual enterprise 私人企业individual labour 个体劳动者individual operation 个体经营individual ownership 个体所有individual retirement account 个人退休金帐户Industrial policy 产业政策Industrial 工业的industrial revolution 产业革命Industrialization 工业化

46、Industry 产业，行业aircraft industry 航空业automobile industry 汽车业banking industry 银行业basic industry 基础工业coal and mining industry 煤炭开采业construction industry 建筑业information industry 信息产业high-technology industry 高技术产业materials industry 材料业primary industry 第一产业secondary industry 第二产业service industry 服务业steel i

47、ndustry 钢铁业tertiary industry 第三产业transportation industry 交通运输业Inefficient operation 低效运营 Inflation 通货膨胀inflation factor 通货膨胀因素inflation indexed security 通货膨胀指数债券inflation of credit 信用膨胀inflation rate 通货膨胀率Inflationary pressure 通货膨胀压力Information 信息information highway 信息高速公路information disclosure 信息披露

48、information sources 信息资源infotmation system 信息系统Initial 初始的，最初的initial credit balance 初期贷方余额initial inventory 期初存货initial investment 期初投资initial public offering 股票首次公开上市initial stage 初级阶段Inland 内陆，国内，内地inland country 内陆国家inland industry 内陆工业inland provice 内陆省Innovation 革新Input 输入，投入input-output analy

49、sis 投入产出分析input-output model 投入产出模型input-output ratio 投入产出比率Inspection 检查，检验Installation expenses 安装费Instalment 分期付款Institute 研究所，学院，协会Institution 学会，协会，机构Institutional reform 体制改革，制度改革Insurance 保险credit insurance 信用保险insurance company 保险公司insurance coverage 保险范围insurance fund 保险基金insurance industry

50、 保险业Intangible 无形的intangible assets 无形资产intangible capital 无形资本intangible property 无形财产Integration 企业合并，一体化integration of world economy 世界经济一体化Intellectual property rights 知识产权 Intensive 集约的，精细的labour intensive industry 劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive industry 知识密集型产业Interest 利息，股利interest free deposit 无

51、息存款interest free loan 无息贷款interest income 利息收益interest on principal 本息interest rate on deposits 存款利率interest rate risk 利率风险interest-rate cuts 利率下调interest-rate reductions 利率下调Intermediary 中间的intermediary agency 中介机构，中间机构intermediary bank 中介银行intermediary commerce 中介贸易intermediary market 中介市场Intermed

52、iate 中间的，半成品intermediate body 中介机构intermediate debt 中期负债 intermediate term credit 中期信贷Internal 内部的internal audit 内部审计internal transfer price 内部转让价格internal-oriented economy 内向型经济internal rate of return(IRR) 内部收益率International 国际的international accounting standard 国际会计标准international balance of paymen

53、t 国际收支差额international bidding 国际招标international bond market 国际债券市场international capital market 国际资本市场international competitive ability 国际竟争能力international corporation 跨国公司international credit 国际信贷international economic integration 国际经济一体化international economic order 国际经济秩序international finance cente

54、r 国际金融中心international financial market 国际金融市场international loans 国际贷款International Monetary Fund(IMF) 国际货币基金组织international monotary crisis 国际货币外危机international multilateral loans 国际多边贷款Internationalization 国际化internationalization of capital 资本国际化production internationalization 生产国际化Intervention 干预i

55、ntervention by government 政府干预market intervention 市场干预state intervention 国家干预Introduction 介绍，引进introduction of foreign capital 引进外资introduction of foreign technology 引进外国技术Inventory 库存inventory account 库存帐inventory cost 库存成本inventory loss 盘亏，库存损失inventory shortage and overage 盘亏与盘盈inventory ahortage

56、 and apoilage 盘亏与毁损inventory turnover 存货周转 just in time inventory 即时库存Investment 投资investment abroad 国外投资investment and trust company 投资信托公司investment enviroment 投资环境investment fund 投资基金investment in capital construction 基本建设投资investment in enterprise 对企业投资investment in outside unit 对外单位投资investment

57、 in stock 投资股票investment intention 投资意向investment pool 联合投资组织investment portfolio 投资证券组合investment strategy 投资战略 investment target selection criteria 投资目标选择标准Invisible 无形的，帐外的，未列帐的invisible assets 帐外资产invisible capital 无形资本invisible loss 无形损失Invitation 招标，招待，邀请invitation for bid 招标Invoice 发票Issue 发行

58、，签发issue a loan 发放贷款issue at par 按票面发行issue at the market price 按市价发行issue of government bonds 发行公债J Job 职业工作job opportunity 就业机会job security 工作保障job shop 加工车间Jobless 失业jobless rate 失业率Joint 共同的，联合的joint administration 联合管理joint creditor 连带债权人joint debtor 连带债务人joint enterprise 合办企业joint liability 共同

59、债务，连带责任joint property 共同财产joint stock 合资，合股joint stock company 股份公司joint stock system 股份制joint tanancy 合伙租赁l joint venture 合资企业l Journal 日记帐，杂志l cash receipts journal 现金收入帐l journal entries 分类帐l ledger type journal 分类日记帐l The Wll Street Journal 华尔街日报l Judgment 审判，判决Junk bond 拉圾债券Justified price 合理价格

60、KKeeping expenses 保管费Key 钥匙，重点的，关键的basic industries and key industries 基础产业和关键产业key project 重点项目Keynes 凯恩斯Keynesian economics 凯恩斯经济学Knowledge intensive industry 知识密集产业LLabour 劳动力，人工labour cost 劳务成本，人工成本labour contract 劳动合同labour efficiency 劳动效率labour force 劳动力labour intensive products 劳动密集型产品labour