商务英语教学课件：Waysofworking

1、1Business English第1页，共63页。Warm-up2How do you study most effectively?By studyingat the same time every day/ atdifferenttimes of the day?early in the morning/ late at night?on your own/ with others?at home/ at your place of study (school or college)?第2页，共63页。Studying at the same place and at the same

2、time every dayAssociate the place and time with concentration and studyingCreate a set study routineDevelop a habit of studying3第3页，共63页。Studying best early in the morningFeel energetic and refreshedBe most efficient mentally (be the sharpest)Concentrate the mostStudying best late at nightMost produ

3、ctive and uninterrupted4第4页，共63页。Studying on your own5FreeFlexibleStudying with othersLearning from discussing and sharing thoughts with each otherHelping /facilitating each otherPracticing speaking第5页，共63页。Studying at home6Comfortable, pleasant and relaxingQuiet with less distraction and noisesStud

4、yingin the classroom/libraryForced to studyMore focusedQuiet第6页，共63页。SpeakingA mini-presentation1.1 Ways of working7VocabularyDifferent ways of workingReadingHow to job-shareListeningWorking from homeWays of working第7页，共63页。VocabularyDifferent ways of workingHow do you work most effectively? By work

5、ingat the same time every day/ at different times of the day?early in the morning/ late at night?on your own/ with others?at home/ at your place of study (schoolor college)?8第8页，共63页。2. Match these ways of working 1-8 to definitions A-I. Do you work in any of these ways?freelanceteleworkingjob-shari

6、ngshift-workpart-timetempingconsultancyflexitimehot-deskingA You work during different parts of the day (eg. nights).B You sell your work or services to a number of different companies.C You work for different companies for a short time without a permanent contract.D You work a number of hours per w

7、eek or month but you decide when you start or finish.E You dont have a permanent place or office to work at, but you find a place to work when you arrive.F You work for a company from home via email, phone or theInternet.G You only work for some of the week (not full-time).H You do your job for part

8、 of the week and another person does it for the other part.I You arent employed by a company, but are paid to give specialist advice.9第9页，共63页。Vocabulary10Different ways of workingfreelanceteleworkingjob-sharingshift workpart-timetempingconsultancyflexitime / flextimehot-desking自由职业远程办公/居家办公分担工作轮班/倒

9、班工作兼职临时工作顾问工作弹性工作时间办公桌轮用第10页，共63页。A freelancer, freelance worker, or freelanceworks independently and on temporary contracts rather than for a long-term employer.Freelance professions:photographer, writer, website designer, graphic designer, accountant, dentist, lawyer, translator, etc.11第11页，共63页。F

10、reelancers are self-employed and12can decide what to do, where to provide their services, when to work and how they do their workrisk their own money in their workcan make a loss as well as a profit from their workprovide the main items of equipment they need to do their jobare free to hire other pe

11、ople to do the work they have taken on, or to take on helpers at their own expenseare responsible for correcting unsatisfactory work in their own time and at their own expense第12页，共63页。Teleworking13Any way of working at a distance using a combinationofcomputersandtelecommunications. associatedwithho

12、me-basedworking,Itisoften butincludesmobile working, etcWork from Home vs. Work at Home第13页，共63页。Telecommuting14This term is used interchangeably with teleworking, and is the more common term in the US. The conceptual emphasis is on replacing the commute journey through electronic access to the work

13、place.word extension :telecommuter/home-based worker 远程办公者第14页，共63页。Job-sharing15Two workers share a single position and decide together when each will work and which tasks each will perform, and receive salary and benefits on pro- rata basis (in proportion )A kind of flexible work arrangement第15页，共

14、63页。16Examples:Two workers split the work of a single position 60%/40%, share the salary accordingly, and are in the office 2 days per week at the same time.第16页，共63页。Shift Work24 hr work schedulesWork that is broken into chunks of timee.g. the day shift may be 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.; the night shift midn

15、ight to 8 a.m., etc.Related Term: OT (overtime pay加班工资)17第17页，共63页。Permanent Full-Time JobsMost common way of working (50 to 80% of workers) Work directly for the organization with full benefitsThe “standard” workweek consists of five eight-hour days, totaling 40 hours18第18页，共63页。Part-Time JobsMost

16、common alternative way to workwork fewer than 30 or 35 hours per weekAllows employers to adjust to changes in demand for products, servicesMeets the needs ofworkers with other personal responsibilities19第19页，共63页。TempingWorking short employment tasks with a variety of clients, usually through a temp

17、ing agency.Temping is great for building resume, learning skills, networking - and job flexibility and variety.20第20页，共63页。Consultancy21The act of an individual or organization providing professional advice to others for a fee. A wide variety of consultants exist for many areas of organizational con

18、cerns, including management, accounting, finance, and legal and technical matters.Consultancy 咨询专家，咨询类公司第21页，共63页。FlextimeWidely practiced in organizations in the following ways:Working 4 days at 10 hours per weekWorking from 6:30am to 3:30 p.m.Taking a half hour for lunchWorking longer days and the

19、n half daysWorking weekend days22第22页，共63页。Flextime(continued)23Helps employees with other obligations (family, medical, etc.)Helps employers who need particular times covered outside the 8-5 shiftHelps local communities with traffic problems第23页，共63页。Hot-desking24a method of sharing desks with work

20、ers. This has been made easier by the use of laptops and allows workers to carry out their tasks anywhere when they are working from their own laptop.More productive use of office space第24页，共63页。3. Work in pairs. Think of some advantages or disadvantages for each way of working in exercise 2.25Ways

21、of workingPossible advantagesPossible disadvantagesfreelanceteleworkingjob-sharingshift-workpart-timetempingconsultancyflexitimehot-desking第25页，共63页。Ways of workingPossible advantagesPossible disadvantagesfreelanceyou choose the jobno job securityteleworkingorganize your worktimeyou need to be good

22、atself-organizationjob-sharingmore free timeneed to coordinate with other personshift-workgives you your daysfreetiringpart-timemore free timeless moneytempinglots of varietyhard to progress your careerconsultancywell paidno job securityflexitimegood for work-life balancenot good for people who like

23、 routinehot-deskingsaves the company moneydisruptive to employees26第26页，共63页。27Get organizedSet your limitsPut pen to paperTwo become oneOpen your mindPlan for disasterFind the perfect partnerDont feel guiltybut I was very lucky.Reading4. Read about job-sharing. Write these headings into each paragr

24、aph.How to job-shareWouldnt it be nice if the working week finished on Wednesday? With a job-share it can. Heres the essential guide to making it work.Find the perfect partner.Find someone you like. Be prepared to communicate and share credit and blame, says Carol Savage, the managing director of Fl

25、executive, a flexible working consultancy. Open your mindBosses should consider requests for flexible working from employees with childrenunder six. So embrace the benefits: Twice as much experience, skills, brainpower and energy, Savage says. Plan for disasterAlways discuss the worst-case scenarios

26、. When Margaret Mills, a teacher, lost her job- share partner because of a family illness, a return to full-time work seemed inevitable.We had been over-optimistic. I did manage to find someone else who fitted in with me,第27页，共63页。(3)Get organized28Plan the system for handing work over carefully and

27、 play to each others different strengths. Delegate the workload according to each others particular skills and qualities. Set your limitsManager should clarify what they expect in terms of hours, availability and results, and employees should manage their employers expectations. Sue Osborn, a job- s

28、harer for 21 years, says, Were often asked to do five-day weeks. Eventually you just have to say no. Put pen to paperAgree in writing arrangements for holidays, parental leave, retirement, etc.everyone should know where they stand from the beginning. Dont feel guiltyDo not work until 1am at home to

29、make up for not being in the office every day. Two become oneClients may not like having to deal with two people working closely together. As Savage says: A job-share should be like a marriage- one voice, one unit.BACK第28页，共63页。Language points29Share Credit & Blame: Share Honor & Disgraceconsultancy

30、: consulting companyrequest (n.) for sth. from sb. /demand for sth from sb.embrace: complete accept sth such as a new belief, idea, or way of lifeeg. embraceBuddhism第29页，共63页。30the worst-case scenario: the situation that is the worst one you can imaginefit in: be accepted by sb because you are simil

31、ar to him/hereg. She does notfit in with him.第30页，共63页。31hand over: give power or control to sb. else eg. They formally hand power over to the new government next week.play to ones strength: concentrate ones efforts at doing what one is best ateg. The best advice in an interview is to play to your s

32、trengths and make no reference to the things youre not so good at.第31页，共63页。32delegate the workload: divide the workload/job responsibilitiesdelegate: give part of your work/duties/ /responsibilities to sb who is more junioreg.He always delegates boring tasks to his assistant.第32页，共63页。Parental Leav

33、e (育儿假:包括分娩假和领养假)Parental leave is an employee benefit that provides paid or unpaid time off work to care for a child ormake arrangements for the childs welfare. Often, the term parental leave includes maternity ( 分 娩 假 ), paternity（父亲育婴假）, and adoption leave（领养 假 ）. Often the minimum benefits are s

34、tipulated by law.33第33页，共63页。Parental Leave by CountryCountryPaid MaternalLeavePaid Paternal LeaveUnpaid Maternal LeaveUnpaid PaternalLeave34Parental Leave by CountryChina90 days100%Share of 104 weeks (2years) with mother4 weeks non-paid annually (max 13 weeks) given at least one years continuous em

35、ployment12 weeksFrance16 weeks (100%) rising to 26 weeks (100%) for third child3 days + 11 consecutive daysShare of 104weeks (2 years) with fatherUK39 weeks paid, rising to 52 weeks paidfrom April 20102 weeks at a fixed amount ( 123.06)4 weeks per year (non-paidand a max of 13 weeks)4 weeks per year

36、 (non-paid and a max of 13 weeks)USA0 weeks0 weeks12 weeks第34页，共63页。35put pen to paper: start writing stheg. I have lots of ideas for short stories but find it difficult to put pen to paper.know where you stand: understand your position eg. Once you know where you stand youll be able tomake your nex

37、t move第35页，共63页。QuestionsHow easy would it be for you to job-share? Would your employer or boss think it was a good idea?Work in pairsStudent A is the employeeStudent B is the employerStudent A wants to start job-sharing with another colleague, so she/he tries to convince Student B of the advantages

38、 of job-sharingStudent B is skeptical and mention disadvantages36第36页，共63页。Useful expressions37Yeshave more free time - pursue leisure activities and relaxhave more time with the familywith less work stresshave someone to share credit and blamea means of keeping valued employeesresult in a more comm

39、itted and productive work forcetwice as much experience, skills, brainpower and energy第37页，共63页。Nodifficult to find someone you like / with similar ability, the right skill and experienceneed to coordinate with the other person( compatibility)need careful planning to play to each others differentstr

40、engthsdifficult to arrangeUseful expressions38第38页，共63页。ListeningYou will hear a woman called Michela talking about working from home.What does she say is important when working from home? Have a timetable and stick to it.What does she think are some of the advantages anddisadvantages of this way of

41、 working?Advantages:you spend more time with the childrenmore flexibilitythe company saves money on office spaceno commuting Disadvantages:sometimes you work in the eveningyou miss people and office news39第39页，共63页。2 Listen again and answer the following.Complete the notes about Michelas typical day

42、.7:00 get up, get the kids ready8:30 9:00 take kids to school start work12:00 have lunch14:30 finish workHow long has she been with her current employer?How long has she been home-working?Shes been with her current employer since she left school, but shes been home-working for five years.Is she doin

43、g anything different from normal this week?Shes going to the office every day to meet visitors.40第40页，共63页。Listening script41I=InterviewerM=MichelaI: OK, Michela. You work from home now. Can you tell me about a typical day?M: Sure, I always get up around seven and the first thing I do is get the kid

44、s ready for school. I take them at eight thirty and then I always start work at home.I: Do you ever have a day where you decide to have the morning off and start work later?M: No, you cant do that. Its important with home-working to have a timetable and stick to it. If you end up watching TV or doin

45、g the cleaning then it isnt for you. So I have lunch at twelve and finish work at two thirty to get the children.I: Was that why you gave up you office job?M: Yes, I wanted to spend more time with the children. It gives me more flexibility. Sometimes I need to work in the evening but usually it isnt

46、 a problem.I: So how long have you been doing this kind of work?M: For about five years. Ive been with the same company since I left school, but with the Internet and technology its easy now to be at home.I: So your employer doesnt mind.第41页，共63页。42M: No. It means the company saves money on office s

47、pace and as long as I get the work done, theyre happy.Sometimes I still go into work to meet clients and so on. For example, Im going in nearly every day this week because we have visitors from another company and I cant really invite them over to my house.Besides, its nice to go in every so often.

48、I like to see people and catch up on the gossip and the news with my colleagues. I miss that side of going into work every day.I: Is there anything else you miss?M: Ermm. No, not really. And Ill tell you what I really dont miss and thats having to spend two hours commuting on the bus and train every

49、 day第42页，共63页。SpeakingA mini-presentationA: What is important when ?Job-sharingFind someone you like.Organize and plan how you share the work.B: What is important when?Working from homeSet up an office space in the house.Plan your working hoursand your breaks.43back第43页，共63页。Tips44I choose topic,I w

50、ould like to talk about My topic isI think there are three points/aspects to consider.I have the following points.I think we need to consider 3 aspects. My points are as follows.First, /To start withSecond/ Besides/Then/Secondly/In additionThird,总结：In conclusion,/In summary/so/in short/To conclude ,

51、I think are important when doing .Well, thats all I want to say. Thank you!第44页，共63页。Basic Evaluation Standard45 Voice Eye Contact/ Body Language Content Structure Pace第45页，共63页。Possible answer46A: What is important when ?Job-sharing1.Finding someone you like is the most important when you start a j

52、ob-share. As job-sharing is a way for two people to both fill one job, finding someone you like is very important for the success of the scheme. You may find one from your current workplace, or you may find one from outside through all kinds of contacts.第46页，共63页。2.Organizing and planning how you sh

53、are the work is also important. If its shared responsibility, there is no division of duties but the two people have to split the hours clearly to ensure that the work flowscontinuously. If its divided responsibility, each partner has to be clear about his own case load or project to focus on during

54、 his working hours. If it is unrelated responsibility, the partners have to learn what their separate tasks are in the same department, and each has to do his own share well.47第47页，共63页。483.Communication is another important factor to consider when you arrange the job-share, especially for shared re

55、sponsibility. Partners have to communicate well so that jobs are done smoothly. Using email, voicemail messages, daily logs and notes are some techniques that help facilitate communication.第48页，共63页。B: What is important when?49Working from home1.Setting up an office space in the house is important w

56、hen working from home. This will give you a feel of being in the office and concentrate more on work. In this way, it will be easy for you to differentiate between work time and private time you will not be easily distracted.第49页，共63页。502.Its also important to plan your working hours and your breaks

57、. Make it like in the office and set a timetable. But do not overwork yourself to make up for not being in the office every day. Make sure you have a break after you work for a few hours.第50页，共63页。513.In addition, to make working from home really successful, you should make sure colleagues and clien

58、ts can reach you as though you are in the office. This may help a lot to guarantee the efficiency.第51页，共63页。Advantages & DisadvantagesFor employer:to retain those employeesa decrease in overhead costsgood for theenvironment52第52页，共63页。Making contactsVocabularyReadingListeningSpeakingLifes all about

59、making connectionsDeveloping a conversationJob responsibilitiesWriting53Starting a conversationBusiness correspondence第53页，共63页。Job responsibilities54Ex 1: Imagine you have the job on the card and make sentences with the expressionsEx 2:Besides your family and good friends, who do you make contacts

60、with?第54页，共63页。VocabularyJob responsibilitiesTell your partner about your job. Use these expressions and choose the correct preposition.Im involved in/ of/ for I deal for/ with/ ofIm in charge for/ of/ toI work of/ for/ aboutIm responsible for/ of/ aboutI usually report up/ at/ to I specialize about