2015高考阅读理解--推断题解题方法定稿1

1、2021高考英语二轮专题复习阅读理解题型及解题技巧1. 主旨大意2. 细节理解 3. 猜测词义4.推理判断5. 篇章结构 题 型 及 解 题 技 巧阅 读 理 解类型主旨大意事实细节推理判断词意猜测2014年I卷1题5题8题1题2014年II卷1题7题5题2题【考情报告】1. 推断隐含意义 2.推断作者观点或态度 3.推断写作目的 4.推断文章出处 5.推断上下文内容 阅读推理判断题推断题分类 1. 问题形式: It can be inferred from the text that . From the text we know that is most likely . When the

2、 writer talks about , what the writer really means is . The writer suggests that . The story implies/indicates that . We can infer /conclude from the passage that . 这类题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude indicate(暗示)等标志性词语。一、如何推断隐含意义 技巧点拨: 1针对细节推断一、如何推断隐含意义查读细节理论依据分析评价推理判断1.Did you ever hear a str

3、ange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called the deathwatch beetle. It can be inferred from the text that the sound of this beetle _.A. pleased

4、people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people.Practice12. It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you dont turn it back over, all the sea animals under it or clinging to依附the underside wi

5、ll die. The passage implies that rocks _. hurt sea animals protect sea animalsC. wont be found on beaches D. cant be found on beachesPractice2The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment, it was _. A. very clean B. just cleaned by the landlord C. tidy and comfortable D. dirty a

6、nd full of insects One day a man walked a pet shop and said to the shopassistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozenroaches蟑螂 and two spiders蜘蛛.“What do youneed these things for? the shop assistant was verysurprised.“Well，replied the man，“Im moving out ofmy apartment and the landlord insists

7、 that I should leavethe house in exactly the same condition as I found it.Practice 3 技巧点拨: (2) 针对主题思想一、如何推断隐含意义以主题为核心分析逻辑关系借助常识 5. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. Mary feels pity for herself. B. Mary has recovered from her disease. C. Mary wants to help others as much as possible. DMary

8、 determines to go back to the dance floor.Although her disease has affected her eyesight and forcedher to the sidelines of the dance floor，she refuses to fallinto selfpity.“Everybody on earth can ask，whyme？about something or other，she insists.“It doesntdo any good.No one is immune (免疫的) to heartache

9、pain，and disappointments.Sometimes we can makethings better by helping others.Ive come to realize thewant to speak out and be as helpful as I can be.高考链接-2010湖南卷4 What can we infer from the last sentence of the text ?A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the countryB.Health is more important than

10、 moneyC.The harmony between man and nature is important D. Good old days will never be forgottenThen the people realized what was happening. It was thefrog. They hadnt been useless.They had been doing animportant job-eating insects. Now with so many frogskilled, the insects were increasing more rapi

11、dly. They weredamaging the crops and spreading diseases. Now, the peaple are still poor.But in the evenings they sitin the village square and listen to sounds of insects andfrogs.These sounds of the night now have a much deepermeaning . 高考链接-2010辽宁卷5topic sentence 高考链接 In the California study, child

12、ren with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest. While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldnt have TVs in their

13、bedroomsWhat can we learn from the last two paragraphs? A. More time should be spent on computers. B. Children should be forbidden from watching TV. C. TV sets shouldnt be allowed in childrens bedrooms D. Further studies on high-achieving students should be done6二、如何推断作者观点和态度： 1. 问题形式:The writers at

14、titude toward is_.The writer thought that_.According to the author _.2.技巧点拨注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、副词、动词及所举的例子，推断出作者的弦外之音。attitude/feelingBrainstorming说明作者的态度:(1)positive (2)negative(3)neutral (4)approval (5) Disapproval (6) indifferent(7)ironic (8)critical (9)optimistic (10)pessimistic(11)cautious (12)admir

15、ing(13)Objective .NotesPracticeWhyisntyournewspaperreportingany goodnews? AllIreadaboutismurder， bribery行贿，anddeathFrankly Imsickofallthisbadnews Thisauthorsattitudetowardsthenewspaperreportingisto_AcomplainBapologizeCamuseDinform What is the authors attitude towards the moderntechnology? A. Critica

16、l B. Objective. C. Optimistic. D. Negative.There was a time when some peoples lives were devotedsimply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a muchgentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much thatwe might envy about a way of lif

17、e like this. Yet before wedo so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced;they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger,and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modernmachinery has freed people from that primitive existence. 高考链接-2010江西卷7三、如何推断写作目的 1. Question forms:(1) 考查

18、整篇文章的写作目的A. The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _.B. What is the purpose of writing this article?C. In writing the passage, the author intends to _.(2) 考查某处细节的写作意图A. The writer uses the example ofto show that _.B. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _.C

19、. are mentioned in the first paragraph to _. BrainstormingTo introduce sthTo sell a product or serviceTo arract readers attentionTo attract readers to pay fora trip to some attractionpurposeTo call onTo resist sthTo amuse readersTo argue against and support ones own ideaThe writer uses the two quest

20、ions at the beginning of the passage to _. A. test the readers knowledge about waves B. draw the readers attention to the topic C. show Jamie Taylors importance D. invite the readers to answer them“Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it liftedup by a wave? Or have you jumped in the waterand fe

21、lt the rush of energy as waves came overyou? asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave EnergyGroup at the University of Edinburgh. “There iscertainly a lot of energy in waves, he said. 高考链接-2010湖南卷8 The Cost of Higher EducationMany people believe that higher education should be freebecause it is good for the e

22、conomy (经济). Many graduatesclearly do contribute to national wealth, but so do all thebusinesses that invest (投资)and create jobs. If you believethat the government should pay for higher educationbecause graduates are economically productive, youshould also believe that the government should pay part

23、 ofbusiness costs. Anyone promising to create jobs shouldreceive a gift of capital from the government to invest. Therefore, it is the individual, not the government, whoshould pay for their university education. 高考链接-2010北京卷The author mentions businesses in Paragraph 5 in order to _. Aargue against

24、 free university education Bcall on them to finance students studies Cencourage graduates to go into business Dshow their contribution to higher education91. Question forms:The passage is most likely to be taken from_.Where would this passage most probably appear?The passage is most likely a part of

25、 _.四、如何推断文章出处如何推断出处技巧点拨：这类问题应从文章的内容或结构或典型的句子来判断出处1.报纸 ：前面会出现日期，地点或通讯社名称2.广告：因其格式特殊，容易识别3.产品说明：会有产品说明或操作方式，药品的说明会告知服用的时间和次数，药量等。4.网络： Com. Blog. ebook,click here.BrainstormingwhereApplicationTextbookNews reportA geography bookAn adA website/a blogA booklet 小册子TV/Radio programmeA guide book Dont wande

26、r aimlessly through life. Get confused onyour goals, start helping others in need, and live life to thefullest! Life is too short to be anything but happy. Visit myblog and find what youve been missing. Sigh up for my newsletter and get seven free ebooks, too! Read hundredsof articles while youre th

27、ere in the article section, which isupdated daily.PracticeThis text must be taken from _A a radio program B. a websiteC. a newspaper D. a TV program102. 解题技巧推测下文的内容：根据作者的思路进行推理推测上文的内容：关注第一段，特别是文段开始的几句话。五推断上下文内容Question forms:The next paragraph would most probably deal with _The paragraph preceding this one would most likely discuss _.Passage 11 When early humans hunted and gathered food, they were not in control of their environment. They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did. When humans learned to make fire, however, they became