考研英语二-图表作文写作方法和模板非常全

1、图表作文（一）第一节 图表作文的类型图表作文可分为两大类：表作文和图作文。表作文表格(Table)可以使大量数据系统化，便于阅读、比较。表格标题(Title)、表头(Boxhead)(表格的第一行)、侧目(Stub)(表格左边的第一列)和主体(Body)部分(表格的其余部分)等部分组成。如下表：用表格表达的信息具体准确，而且表格中的各项均按一定规律排列。阅读表格时要注意找出表格中各个项目的相互关系，表格中各个项目的变化规律。例如，上面的表格中的数字说明，和 1978 年相比，1983 年大学入学的人数在增加，而小学的入学人数在减少。搞清楚这些变化规律也就读懂了表格的内容。图作文图作文又可分为三

2、种：圆形图作文、曲线图作文和条状图作文。(1) 圆形图作文圆形图(Pie chart)也称为饼状图或圆面分割图。圆形图因为比较形象和直观，各部分空间大小差别容易分辨，所以常用来表示总量和各分量之间的百分比关系。整个圆表示总量，楔形块表示分量。有时圆形图还有数值表，两者结合可把各分量表示得更准确、清楚。例如：This is a pie chart of the averagekly expenditure of a family in Great Britain. As can besee from the chart, the main expenditure of an average Br

3、itish family is spent on food, whichaccounts for 25% of its total expenditure. The next two significant expending items are transportand housing, which are 15% and 12% respectively. If we takeo account clothing and footwear,whiakes up 10%, the four essentials of life,t is, food, transport, housing,

4、and clothing andfootwear, amount to 62% of the total expenditure.曲线图作文曲线图(Line graph)也称为线性图或坐标图。曲线图最适合表示两个变量之间关系的发展过程和趋势。一般来说，曲线所呈现的形状比某一点所代表的变量的值更有意义。曲线图有横轴和纵轴。一般先看横轴所代表的数量或时间等，然后再看纵轴所显示的意义。同时必须找出线条所反映的最高或最低的变化。例如：这个曲线图的横轴代表 1990 年的不同的月份，纵轴代表交通事故的数量。从交通事故曲线图上可知，前八个月的交通事故的数量有升有降。曲线图在八月份升到了最高点(39)，此后

5、一直呈下降的趋势，十二月份降到了最低点(16)。可见，1990 年的交通事故的数量总体上呈下降的趋势。条形图作文条形图(Bar graph)也称为立柱图或圆柱图。条形图由宽度相同但长度不同的条块代表不同的量。当要比较几个项目或量时，常用不同颜色来区分。条形图主要用来表示：1)同一项目在不同时间的量;2)同一时间不同项目的量。阅读条形图时，要先看图例，再看横轴、纵横各代表什么量，每一个刻度所代表的值是多少，最后找出图中各长条所表示的数据及各长条间的相互关系。例如：左边的条形图的横轴代表时间，纵轴代表期望(Life Expectancy)，这一条形图想要体现的是同一项目(期望)在不同时间的量。右边

6、的条形图的横轴也是代表时间，纵轴是代表婴儿的率(Infant Mortality)，这一条形图想要体现的也是同一项目(婴儿的率)长在不同时间的量。左边的条形图表明 1990 年的人均期望比 1960 年的人均期望20 岁，而 1990 年的婴儿率比 1960 年的婴儿率下降了 50%。第二节 图表作文的出题形式例 1 题目：Changes in Peoples DietStudy the following table carefully and your comition must be based on the informationgivenhe table. Write three p

7、aragraphs to :1. se the changes in peoples diet (饮食)he past five years;2. givesible reasons for the changes;3. draw your owns.You shoute as few figures assible.例 2 题目：Car Accidents Declining in Walton CityRemembert your comition must be written according to the following outline;1. Rise and fall of

8、the rate of car accidents as indicated by the graph;2.sible reason(s) for the decline of car accidentshe city;3. Your predictions of what will happen this year.Your comsible.ition should be no lessn 120 words and you shoute as few figures as例 3 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a co

9、mition on the topic Health Gain in n 120 words and you should base):Develoyour comCountries. Your comition must be no lessition on the following instructions (given in Chi以下图为依据描述发展中国家的期望mortality)的变化情况说明引起变化的(lifeexpectancy) 和婴儿率(infant从以上例子可见，图表作文一般在题目中给出作文的标题和一个或几个统计表格、圆形图、曲线图或条形图，有时还用英文或中文提纲的形式给

10、出提示，要求：1)用文字描述图表，客观解释图表中所传递的信息，并找出某种规律或趋势;2)就图表中所反映的某种趋势或问题分析其原因或。第三节 图表作文的写作要领图表作文着重说明事实，常常是通过对图表中所反映的具体数据的说明、分析、比较，对某种事物或现象的事实或变化情况等加以说明，并提出结论或看法。因此，图表作文常常采用议体的写作方法。写好图表作文，关键在于能否读懂图表中所提供的信息，把握各信息间的联系，用准确流畅的语言把这一信息表达出来，并就这一信息图表作文的写作步骤写图表作文时，要注意遵循以下步骤：自己的看法。1)认真分析图表的含义，弄清图表中所含的信息及不同信息间的关系;2)确定文章的，构思

11、出文章的基本框架，筛选出能说明图表的典型数据;编列文章的提纲;根据文章的提纲，将各段的提纲内容扩展成段落，然后将各个段落组成文章，注意段与段之间的衔接与过渡;检查与修改。图表作文的篇章结构写图表作文时，常采用三段式的谋篇方式。文章的第一段往往分析图表中的数据变化反映什么问题或趋势，概述图表所揭示的信息。第二段分析造成这一问题或趋势的原因。第三段则展望未来的情况或提出解决问题的办法或建议。这一结构可以简单地表述为：第一段：概述图表反映的第二段：分析产生的原因第三段：展望未来或提出方法或建议图表作文常用的句型(1)常用的开篇句型(即概述图表内容时常用的表达法) According to the t

12、able chart/line graph/bar graph, we cansee/concludet 根据该表/图，可知 Thetable/graphreveals(shows/indicates/illustrates/represents/pos out)t 该表/图表明 As we can see from the table As can be seen from the line/bar graph As is shown (illustrated/indicated)he chart 如表/图所示，(2) 描述增减变化常用的句型 Compared with is still i

13、ncreased by The number of grew/rose from to An increase is shown in ; then came a sharp increase of In the number remains the same/drops to There was a very slight (small/slow/gradual) rise/increase in 1990.There was a very steady (marked/sharp/ra/sudden/ dramatic)drop (decrease/ decline/ fall/ redu

14、ction) in 1998/ compared witht of lastyear).下面是根据例 2 的题目要求写的范文。From the graph, we can seet the number of car accidents in Walton city fluctuated duringthe year of 1990. Thetwo months of 1990 showed an increasing trend. The rate rose to 32arch but fell to 26 in June. From June on, the rate was rising

15、 again and reached the peak po39 in August. After August the rate began to decline remarkably, and eventually dropped to thelowest po16 atof the year. Therefore, its obvioust car accident in Walton citydeclined in 1990.句/概述表格反映的内容(5)反映交通事故的变化情况(6)小结：总结表格数据反映的总趋势There are several reasons for the decl

16、ine. , a new traffic law was made and cameoforce. It providedt in summer every car must be air-conditioned. As a result, the highest ratein August, when humidity and high temperature make drivers impatient and easily lead to car accidents, dropped steadily. Second, new roads were built and some narr

17、ow streets were widened,which quickened the flow of traffic. Finally, the city administration made great efforts to heightenpeoples awareness of observing traffic rules.句原因/措施一解释措施一/次要辅助采取措施一后的结果原因/措施二原因/措施三Will these new measures, Im sure the rate of car accidents in Walton city will go onfalling t

18、his year.总结：展望未来的情况第四节、 图表作文练习及其参考范文下面是写作练写作的过程中注意审题，考虑文章的结构、采用的扩展方法、开头的结尾的方法以及文章中的过渡等。练：Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a comition of nolesscomn 120 words on Changes in Peoples Diet. Study the following table carefully and yourition must be based on the informatio

19、n givenhe table. Write three paragraphs to:1. se the changes in peoples diet (饮食)he past five years;2. givesible reasons for the changes;3. draw your owns.You shouAs is shownte as few figures assible.he table, there have been great changes in peoples diet betn 1986 andpeople, is1990. From the table,

20、 we can findt grain, formerly the main food of most Chinow playing a less important role in peoples diet. And the same goes for fruit and vegetables.On the other hand, the consumption of high-nutrition food suilk and meas increasedraly.Whas caused these changes? There are mainly three reasons (句). (

21、6), peopleare much wealthiern before. (7) With highere, they can afford to buy nutritious foods.(8) Second, people have realized the importance of a balanced diet to their health. (9) Lack ofcertain amount of meat or milk, for exle, will result in poor health. (10) Finally, owing to theeconomic refo

22、rm, meat and milk, which were scarcehe past, are produced in largeties.(11) Although milk and meat are important to ones health, eating too much rich food mayresult in obesity and may other diseases. (12)Therefore, people should not only eat a lot of milk and meat, but also enough grain, fruit and v

23、egetable for the sake of their health.图表作文（二）一、图表作文写作1、图形种类及概述法：泛指一份数据图表：a data graph/chart/diagram/illustration/table饼图：pie chart直方图或柱形图：bar chart / histogram趋势曲线图：line chart / curve diagram表格图：table流程图或过程图：flow chart / sequence diagram程序图：prosing/procedures diagram2、常用的描述用法The table/chart diagram/

24、graph shows （According to the table/chart diagram/grapht）As （is） shownhe table/chart diagram/graphAs can be seen from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures，figures/sistics shows （t）It can be seen from the figures/sistics We can see from the figures/sisticsIt is clear from the figures/sisticsIt is ap

25、parent from the figures/sistics table/chart/diagram/graph figures （t） table/chart/diagram/graph shows/describes/illustrates how3、图表中的数据（Data）具体表达法数据（Data）在某一个时间段固定不变：fixed在一系列的时间段中转变：changes over time持续变化的 data 在不同情况下：增加：increase / raise / rise / go up 减少：decrease / grow down / drop / fall 波动：fluctu

26、ate / rebound / undulate / wave 稳定：remain stable / stabilize / level off 最常用的两种表达法：动词+副词形式（Verb+Adverb form）形容词+名词形式（Adjective+Noun form）ime二、相关常用词组1、主章开头图表类型：table、chart、diagramgraph、column chart、pie graph描述：show、describe、illustrate、can be seen from、clear、apparent、reveal、 represent、 umbercentage、pr

27、oportion内容：、2、表示数据变化的单词或者词组ra/raly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的dramatic/dramatically significant/significantly戏剧性的，生动的有意义的，的，重要的sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的steep/steeply steady/steadily急剧升降的稳固的，坚定不移的gradual/gradually渐进的，逐渐的slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的slight/slightly轻微的、略微地stable/stably稳定的3、其它在描述中的常用到的词significant changes图中一些较大变化n

28、oticeable trend明显趋势during the same period在同一时期grow/grew distribute unequally增长分布，区别不相等地he case of adv.在的情况下erms of / in respect of / regarding在方面in contrast相反，大不相同ernment policy政策market for measure forecast市场规率n.尺寸，方法，措施v.估量，调节 n.先见，预见v.三、英语图表写作套句精选1.the table shows the changes该表格描述了在年之he number ofo

29、ver the period fromto数量的变化。2.the bar chart illustratest该柱状图展示了3.the gra该图为rovides someeresting data regarding提供了有关有趣数据。4.the diagram shows （t）该图向展示了5.the graph dcts （ t）该圆形图揭示了6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of这个曲线图描述了的趋势。7.the figures/sistics show （t）数据（字）表明8.the tree diagram revea

30、ls how该树型图向揭示了如何9.the data/sistics show （ t） 10.the data/sistics/figures lead us to the这些数据资料令得出结论 11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited12.according to the chart/figures该数据（字）可以这样理解the diagram/graph/chart/table根据这些表（数字）13.as is shownhe table如表格所示14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have

31、taken place in从图中可以看出，发生了巨大变化。15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearlytor it is clear/apparentfrom the chartt从图表可以很清楚（明显）看到16.this is a graph which illustrates这个图表向展示了17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b fromto该表格描述了年到a 与 b 的比例关系。18.the graresented in a pie chart， sh

32、ows teral trend in该图以圆形图形式描述了总的趋势。19.this is a column chart showing这是个柱型图，描述了as can be seen from the graph，the two curves show the fluctuation of，两条曲线描述了的波动情况。over the period fromtotheremained level.在至期间，基本不变。22.23.he year betnand在年到期间he 3 years spanning from 1995 through 19981995 年至 1998 三年里24.from

33、 then on/from this time onwards从那时起the number ofremained steady/stable from （month/year） to （month/year）。月（年）至月（年）的数量基本不变。the number sharply went up to数字急剧上升至27.the percentage ofstayed the same betnand至期间的比率维持不变。28.the figures peaked atin（month/year）的数目在月（年）达到顶点，为29.the percentage remained steady at

34、比率维持在the percentage ofis slightly larger/smallerthere is not a great deal of difference betnt of 比例比的比例略高（低）。nand与的区别不大。32.the graphs show a threefold increase该图表表明的数目增长了三倍。he number of33decreased year by year whileincreased steadily.逐年减少，而逐步上升。34.the situation reachedak（a high poat） of%.的情况（）到达顶（高）

35、点，为百分点。the figures/situation bottomed out inthe figures reached the bottom/a low po/hi数字（情况）在达到底部。rough.数字（情况）达到底部（低谷）。37.a is times as mu38.a increased by39.a increased toany as b.a 是 b 的倍。a 增长了 a 增长到40.high/low/great/small/ percentage.比低高（低）41.there is an upward trendhe number of数字呈上升趋势。42.a consi

36、derable increase/decrease occurred fromto到发生急剧上升。43.fromtothe rate of decrease slow down.从到，下降速率减慢。44.from this year on，there was a gradual declinel reductionhe，reaching a figureof从这年起，逐渐下降至be similar tobe the same as与相似与相同47.there are a lot similarities/differenbetnand与之间有许多相似（不同）之处48.a has somethi

37、ng in common with ba 于 b 有共同之处。49.the difference betn a and bs ina 与 b 之间的差别在于50（year）witnessed/saw a sharp rise in年急剧上升开头段转述题目常用句型The line graph describes/ illustrates/ demonstrates/ summarizes/ outlines/ shows后面跟名词或者从句开头段或者主体段引出数据或者趋势常用句型According to/ As shown in/ As can be seen from 后面跟图表的类型It ca

38、n be seen from 后面跟图表的类型tIt is manifest from后面跟图表的类型表示上升的动词tGo up(went up) /rise(rose)/ grow(grew)/ increase(increased)/ ascend(ascended) , 其中rise 和 increase 也经常作名词, grow-growth表示急剧上升的动词Jump(jumped)/ surge(surged)/shoot up (shot up)/ soar(soared) 其中 surge 也可以做名词表示下降的动词Decline/ fall/ drop/ sink/ dip/

39、decrease/ descend, 其中 decline/ fall/ drop/ decrease 也经常做名词表示急剧下降的动词Plummet/ pge表示速度快的形容词Sharp/ dramatic/ drastic/ ra表示幅度大的形容词/precipitous/steep 副词加 -lyMarked/ substantial / significant, 副词加 -ly表示缓慢,逐渐的形容词Gradual/ steady/ gentle / slow, 副词加 -ly表示小幅度的形容词Modest/ moderate/ slight, 副词加 -ly表示波动的动词Fluctuat

40、e, 不及物动词,名词fluctuation表示稳定在一个水平上的动词Level ot/ level ou/ hover at/ stabilize at/ reached a plateau at表示达到最高的动词Peak at/ reach the highest po表示达到最低的动词at , peak 也可以做名词Reach the bottom at/ the lowest poat/ bottom ou, bottom 也可以做名词表示经历了某种变化的及物动词Experience/ witness/ see表示达到了多少数量的及物动词或词组Reach/arrive at/ amou

41、nt to / hit/ register/ stand at表示占(后面跟百分数或数字)的及物动词或词组Account for/ represent / constitute / make up表示数据由某几个部分组成的既无动词或者词组A is comedprise/ is made up of/ consists of B,C and D. 注意和 include 区别的及物动词表示对未来数字的Project/ predict / forecast表示分别的副词Respectivelyrespectively.he 2004 Olympics, China and Russia won X

42、 and Y gold medals表示大约的副词或者词组About, around, approximay, roughly, just over, just under图表作文（三）作文 1DIRECTIONS: A. Study the following graphs carefully and write an essay ineast 150 words.B. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET II. C. Your essay should cover these three pos:1. effect

43、of the countrys growing human population on its wildlife2.sible reason for the effect3. your suggestion for wildlife protection【段落类型分析】第一段图画/图表描述段【参考范文一】第二段原因阐释段第三段建议措施段From these graphs, we can draw anumber of species has decreased ra our planet.t, with the growth of human population, thely in Amer

44、ica, and some species have even vanished fromThere are numerous reasons accounting for the phenomenon and I would like to explore a few ofthe most important ones here. Above all, as the human population grows raly, a growingnumber of people came to live where some wild species have been living. Then

45、 these species haveto move to othla. Some of them probably can not adapt to the new environment and die. Inaddition, although many people look on the wildlife as their friends, some people may not think so.They catch a lot of wild animals and sell them in order to get more money. Consequently, thena

46、tural balance and the ecologic environment are destroyed. The clear cutting haseincreasingly serious. So some of the wildlifee homeless and extinct.In order to protect the wildlife, I have some suggestions.to prevent them from being caught and killed. Second, the, theernments should make lawsernment

47、s should educate people tolove nature and protect it. Third, as for ourselves, we should take practical actions to protect ourliving environment. (210 words)【参考范文二】The two charts showt the increase in the U.S. population has beenpanied by acorresponding decline in the number of wildlife species. Far

48、 too many species have been lostalready. Thises a danger to the ecological balance.As the human population expands, wild animals in mounting numbers areted for food, orbecause they are thought to present a threat to man. But studies showt one of the primarycauses of the disappearance of wildlife is

49、pollution, which is one of the consequenofpopulation grownd economic development. This makes us wonder if men are able to share thisplanet in harmony with other life forms.y opinion, it is imperative for us to take steps to reverse the disturbing trend illustratedhecharts. One measure would be to fo

50、rbid the building of cities in areas where wild life is threatenedwith extinction. But, more importantly, men must learn to stop polluting the environment, or he himself will be extinct. (167 words)【参考范文三】As is seen from the two graphs, it is cleart with the ragrowth of U.S. population from 1800to 1

51、990, the number of its wildlife species no longer existing soared during the same period.Naturally, we can draw thepopulation growth.t the sharp decline of wildlife species resulted from theSeveral reasons may account for this phenomenon. To begin with, as the population grows, peopleconsume much mo

52、re natural resour. Second, with the increase of human activities, modernpeople take up more and more space which exerts a great influence on other species. Finally, theproblem of pollutiones more and more serious with the development of modern industry.More and more animals have to adapt themselves

53、to the decaying environment or move to a totally different place, but not all of them are fortunate enough to survive the changes.Solving this problem calls for, above all, theernments efforts to control population growth, todecrease industrial pollution and to enhance the laws to forbid wildlifetin

54、g. Moreover,common citizens should be aware of this ecological crisis and take on the responsibility of wildlifeprotection. In a word, only when theernment and the common people make joefforts canwe hope to find a satisfactory solution to this problem. (216 words)作文 2图略The line graph illustrates how

55、 the number of people using a London underground sion fluctuates over the course of 16 hours (6am to 10pm).As we can see from the graph, at 6am the number of people at the sion stands at only 100. Thenumber shoots up over the next two hours, peaking at 400 at 8am. Then the number descendsdrastically

56、 for two hours, bottoming out at 180 at 10am. The period betn 10oclock and12oclock witnesses a moderate growthhe number of peoplehe sion, with the numberreaching 280 at midday. Numbershe followino hours stabilize at just under 300 people.Then the numblummets to only 100 from 2pm to 4pm. Then the nex

57、t two hours see a dramaticrise again, with 6pm registering 380 people. After 6pm, the number dips again, reaching thelowest poof 130 at 8pm. The period from 8pm to 10pm experiena slight rise, but then thenumber of people declines again from 180 at 9pm to 135 at 10pm.This line graph clearly demonstra

58、test rush hourshe early morning and the early evening areperiods when the sion is used by the most people.作文 3The diagram illustrates in four stages the recovery of the forests in Yellowstone National Park after a devasing forest fire.hepicture, while the old forests still exist, they drad wood to t

59、he soider them, which renders the soil more fertile. Then lightning and fire strike, destroying the forestscompley. And the growth of new forests starts right at this po. The second picturedemonstratest in the50 years after the devasing fire, saplings grow in build whiledescend in overall number. In

60、 the next two centuries, the young trees continue to thrive inYellowstone, because of the fertile soil and thele sunlight. Then, threedred years after thefire, the number of trees decline to roughly the same as the old forests.These fivctures show ust it takes as long as three centuries for a destro