宾语从句和表语从句课件

1、Noun clauses as the subjectUnit 4 Grammar主语从句 主语从句 (Subject Clause)主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句。 That he finished writing the composition in such a short time surprised us all.2. What we need are good doctors.3. Whom we must study for is a question of great importance.宾语从句Noun clauses as the objectNoun clauses

2、 as the object and the predicative宾语表语宾语从句宾语从句是在主从复合句中作宾语的从句。1.I dont know whether he will come here.2.She told/said to me what she had done in the classroom.3.She laughed at what I told her.4.I am pleased that you have passed the exam.5.He said to us that they would help us through the whole work.

3、6. I am sure that he will pass the exam.7.We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.8. I dont understand why so many people are crowding round him.注意1：宾语从句一般位于及物动词、及物动词+间接宾语、介词和be动词+形容词等的后面。引导宾语从句的词有：注意:从属连词that(一般可以省略)没有具体含义,不做成分，只做连接词；if/whether表示“是否”，不做成分，只连接词。He knows (that) J

4、im will work hard.He said to us (that) he wouldnt go there.He asked me whether/if I would go there.I wonder if/whether you could do me a favor.注意2：并列连词连接两个或者两个以上的that引导的宾语从句时,只有第一个that能够省略。1.I think (that) smoking is harmful to your health.2. I believe (that) you have done your best and that he will

5、 make progress.3. He understand (that) friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.注意3：在宾语从句中，if和whether表示是否时一般可以互换。但是以下情况中只能用whether:1.从句中有or not时。2.引导介词的宾语从句时。3.后面直接跟动词不定式(to do)时。1.He asked me if /whether I could help him.2.I wonder whether it is true or not.3.They are t

6、alking about whether he will come.4.He doesnt know whether to go there by himself.引导宾语从句的词有：用法注意：连接代词who, whom, what, which,whoever, whatever，whose等在从句中主语，宾语,表语和定语.I cant tell you who will go there with me.Do you know what they are?He asked me what John was doing in theclassroom?He asked me which bo

7、ok I liked best.Do you know whose book it is?注意4：1.who具有疑问含义，表示特指；whoever指任何人，表示泛指。2.whatever比what的语气强，whatever意为“anything that（任何事物）”3.which具有疑问含义，表示“哪一个”; whichever强调无论哪一个1.Do you know who broke the window?2.We will punish whoever breaks the law.3.Are you sure what she said?4.Do whatever you like.

8、5.I cant tell you which girl will go there.6.You can take whichever book you like from here.引导宾语从句的词有：用法注意：连接副词when, where, how, why等在从句中作状语,不能省略 Could you tell me how we can get to the station?I dont know when the meeting will begin.Do you know why Tom went there yesterday?Do you know where they wi

9、ll go? 注意5：宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序。但是：疑问句What is the matter with sb?在宾语从句中的语序不变。1.Do you know who/whom they are talking about?2.Can you tell me where the booking office is?3.I wonder why they called her last night.4.He told me what had happened to him.5.He asked me how I would do it.注意6：如果动词think/consider/fin

10、d/feel/believe/make等的后面有宾语补足语时，一般用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语从句后置。1.We thought it strange that John did not come to school.2.He has made it clear that he will not give in.3.He feels it his duty that he should study English well.4.He finds it a pity that he didnt pass the exam.注意：宾语从句的否定前移：指当主句的主语是第一人称，而且主句的谓语动词

11、是thinkbelievesupposeexpect等感知动词(guesshope除外)时，常把对宾语从句的否定前移到主句中去。I dont think you are right.I dont believe such a little boy can do so much work in such a short time.We dont expect she will go there.I hope/guess that he will not help us.注意：当主句动词是现在/过去时，从句根据自身的时间情况而使用不同的时态。但当从句表示的是客观真理、科学原理、自然现象，则从句只用

12、现在时态。1. The teacher asked us why Tom had left for America.2. The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.3. Jack asks John where he is going.4.Lucy said that she was born on April 1,1980.表语从句Noun clauses as the predicative表语从句表语从句是在主从复合句中作表语的从句。它们一般位于系动词(be/ remain /look/ seem/ appear 等)

13、的后面1.The problem is that millions of people die of illnesses causedby smoking.2.The question remains whetherwe can win the people.3.It looks as if/though it is goingto rain.4.That is why she didnt come. 注意7：表语从句的引导词比宾语从句少了if多了as if/though 和because.2.The question remains whetherwe can win the people.

14、(这里只能用whether)3.It looks as if/though it is going to rain.4.That is because she wants to lose weight.注意8：表语从句的引导词that一定不能够省略。1.The fact is that he has passed the exam.2.My suggestion is that you should not eat too much sugar.3.Her idea is that he had better finish it in time.注意9：当主句主语是reason时，表语从句引导

15、词要用that而不是because。1.The reason why he was late was that he missed the train this morning.2.The reason why I only have 2 apples every day was that I want to lose weight.表语从句语序：陈述句语序1.It remains whether they will go there.2.The problem is how much I should pay for it.1. Do you know _? A. what time wil

16、l the plane take off B. what time would the plane take off C. what time the plane will take off D. the plane will take off at what timePractice2. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter3.-Could I speak to _ is in charge of

17、 class 139, please? A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who4.The thick smog covered the whole city.It was _ a great black blanket had been thrown over it. A. what B. because C. as if D. even if5 Do you think _ worse that we take their advice?A. one B. that C. this D. it6 I _ think it _ rain

18、. A. dont; will B. did; wontC. do; wont D. didnt; will7. He said we should finish the work today, and this is _ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how8. He wouldnt tell me _ his new car. A. did he pay how much B. he paid how much for C. how much did he pay D. how much he paid for9. The reason I

19、have to go is _ if I dont.A. that she will be disappointedB. because she will be disappointedC. because she will be disappointing D. that she will be disappointing10. It was _ he worked hard that he succeeded.A. since B. because C. as D. for11. What the doctors really doubt is_ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon A. when B. if C. whether D. why1. They dont know _ we are going hiking.2. She wanted to know _ her