间接平差基础大作业

1、测量平差基础间接平差法报告书姓名： 学号：日期：2016指导老师：目录 TOC o 1-5 h z 1）平差原理22）平差过程3平差流程3平差相关代码33）平差结果（要求以表格形式表达；注意单位统一及有效位数的取位） 254）结论295）课程设计的体会及建议 306） 参考文献311）平差原理设有n个观测值L,必要观测个数为七,选定的独立参数文 近似值取为*。有L=L + V平差值方程为 4 +匕=afX +瓦德+ F区+4L = t J LfJti.l匕=伙匕匕 TOC o 1-5 h z 1K T%.X = X,X、- r1,1 L1d=H小乙1仇 4 厂B =a2b2. P P12* 曲

2、 * a,tbn “ri-ri 1L + V = BX + J4=X。+I = L-(BX” +d)V = Bx-1误差方程要求：V1 PV = min对自变量X求导,令一阶导数为0dVTPV T eV=2V P-f 4% iroxdx= 2VrPf =0Br PV=QV - Bx-1BTPV =0基础方程ri J v Bx-1法方程的解：BTPV =0,BTPBx-fTPl=()法方程x = (Bt PR) RtPlN面二1 PB, w = B Pl 口Nhhx-W=0I pact Uj + pttbix +- + patxt = pal I pabxy +| pbbx2 +* + f?bt

3、xi = pbl 观测值和参数的平差值： = +匕X = Xn+xlpwdi1+1“加氏+1M戊=lpP为对角阵2)平差过程平差流程.读取观测数据与已知点坐标数据(包括一些数据的精度)；.计算未知点近似坐标；.建立角度与边长误差方程；.计算角度观测值误差方程的系数和常数项；.计算边长观测值误差方程的系数和常数项；.组成误差方程，得到系数阵和常数阵；.定权，得到权矩阵；.组成并解算法方程；.计算观测值的平差值及其方差协方差阵DLL与坐标平差值(Xi,Yi )及其方差协方差阵 DXX.精度评定(单位权中误差，点位中误差，边长相对中误差),平差相关代码：#include StdAfx.h#inclu

4、de SingleTraverse.h#include CommonSurveyFunctions.h#include math.h#include CSingleTraverse二CSingleTraverse(short TraverseType,short AngleType) m_nType=TraverseType;m_nAngleType=AngleType;if(m_nType=1)/附合导线，4个已知点m_pKnownPoint=new CControlPoint4;/已知点数组m_iKnownPointCount=4;/已知点个数2个已知点).else if(m_nType=

5、2|m_nType=3)/闭合导线与无定向导线,(m_pKnownPoint=new CControlPoint2;/已知点数组m_iKnownPointCount=2;/已知点个数).else if(m_nType=4)/ 支导线 (.m_pKnownPoint=new CControlPoint;/已知点数组m_iKnownPointCount=1;/已知点个数).else(m_pKnownPoint=NULL; /已知点数组m_iKnownPointCount=0; /已知点个数)m_pUnknownPoint=NULL;/ 未知点数组miUnknownPointCount=0; /未知

6、点个数m_pAngleObs=NULL; / m_iAngleObsCount=0;m_pDistObs=NULL; /m_iDistObsCount=0;).角度观测值数组/角度观测值个数距离观测值数组/距离观测值个数CSingleTraverse:CSingleTraverse(void)(/释放动态数组内存 if(m_pUnknownPoint!=NULL) (delete m_pUnknownPoint;m_pUnknownPoint=NULL;).if(m_pKnownPoint!=NULL)(delete m_pKnownPoint; m_pKnownPoint=NULL;)if(

7、m_pAngleObs!=NULL)(delete m_pAngleObs;第4页m_pAngleObs=NULL;if(m_pDistObs!=NULL)(delete m_pDistObs;m_pDistObs=NULL;).)/根据单导线类型，设置已知点个数和数组void CSingleTraverse二SetKnownPointSize(short nType)(m_nType=nType;if(m_nType=1)/附合导线，4个已知点(m_pKnownPoint=new CControlPoint4;/已知点数组m_iKnownPointCount=4;/ 已知点个数).else

8、if(m_nType=2|m_nType=3)/闭合导线与无定向导线，2个已知点(m_pKnownPoint=new CControlPoint2;/已知点数组m_iKnownPointCount=2;/ 已知点个数).else if(m_nType=4)/ 支导线(.m_pKnownPoint=new CControlPoint;/已知点数组m_iKnownPointCount=1;/ 已知点个数).else（m_pKnownPoint=NULL; / 已知点数组m_iKnownPointCount=0; /已知点个数）.）/设置未知点个数，根据导线类型计算出角度与距离观测值个数/注意：调用

9、该函数后，原有数据被删除 void CSingleTraverse二SetUnknownPointSize(int size) (if(m_pUnknownPoint!=NULL)(delete m_pUnknownPoint; m_pUnknownPoint=NULL;if(m_pAngleObs!=NULL)(delete m_pAngleObs;m_pAngleObs=NULL;.if(m_pDistObs!=NULL)(delete m_pDistObs;m_pDistObs=NULL;m_iUnknownPointCount=size;m_pUnknownPoint=new CCon

10、trolPointsize;if(m_nType=1|m_nType=2)/ 闭合导线或附合导线(m_pAngleObs=new CAngleObssize+2;m_iAngleObsCount=size+2;m_pDistObs=new CDistObssize+1;m_iDistObsCount=size+1;else if(m_nType=3)/ 无定向导线(.m_pAngleObs=new CAngleObssize;m_iAngleObsCount=size;m_pDistObs=new CDistObssize+1;m_iDistObsCount=size+1;else/支导线(m

11、_pAngleObs=new CAngleObssize;m_iAngleObsCount=size;m_pDistObs=new CDistObssize;m_iDistObsCount=size;/对已知点数组中的第pos点赋值，pos从0开始bool CSingleTraverse二SetKnownPoint(int pos,const CControlPoint& CP) (if(pos=m_iKnownPointCount) return false;m_pKnownPointpos=CP;return true;)/对未知点数组中的第pos点赋值，pos从0开始bool CSing

12、leTraverse:SetUnKnownPoint(int pos,const CControlPoint& CP)(if(pos=m_iUnknownPointCount) return false;m_pUnknownPointpos=CP;return true;)/对角度观测数组中的第pos个观测值赋值,pos从0开始bool CSingleTraverse二SetAngleObs(int pos, const CAngleObs& AngObs)(if(pos=m_iAngleObsCount) return false;m_pAngleObspos=AngObs;return t

13、rue;)/对距离观测数组中的第pos个观测值赋值，pos从0开始bool CSingleTraverse二SetDistObs(int pos, const CDistObs& DistObs)(if(pos=m_iDistObsCount) return false;m_pDistObspos=DistObs;return true;)/已知两个控制点，求P1-P2的方位角CAngle CSingleTraverse:Azi(const CControlPoint& P1, constCControlPoint& P2)(CAngle angAzi;angAzi(RAD尸Azimuth(P

14、1.X,P1.Y,P2.X,P2.Y);return angAzi;)/已知两个控制点，求P1-P2的距离double CSingleTraverse:HDist(const CControlPoint& P1, constCControlPoint& P2)(return Dist(P1.X,P1.Y,P2.X,P2.Y);)/计算角度闭合差CAngle CSingleTraverse:ComAngleClosedError(void)(CAngle angClosedError;/闭合差角度对象/* A(i+1)=A(i)+ 左角一180A(i+1)=A(i)- 右角 + 180如果大于3

15、60度还要减360*/if (m_nType = 1) / 附合导线.CAngle StartBearing;/ 起始方位角CAngle EndBearing;/终点附合方位角StartBearing = Azi(m_pKnownPoint0,m_pKnownPoint1);EndBearing = Azi(m_pKnownPoint2,m_pKnownPoint3);/沿导线路线递推终止边的方位角for(int i=0;i 360)StartBearing(DEG) = StartBearing(DEG) - 360;else if (StartBearing(DEG) 0)StartBea

16、ring(DEG) = StartBearing(DEG) + 360;angClosedError= StartBearing- EndBearing;else if (m_nType = 2)/ 闭合导线CAngle angSum(0,DEG);/第一个角为连接角,不参与闭合差计算与角度分配for( int i = 1;im_iAngleObsCount;i+) angSum= angSum+ m_pAngleObsi.ObsValue ;angClosedError(DEG)= angSum(DEG- (m_iAngleObsCount - 2) * 180;return angClos

17、edError;/分配角度闭合差void CSingleTraverse二DistributeAngleError(const CAngle& AngleError) (if(m_nType= 1) /附合导线(for(int i=0;im_iAngleObsCount;i+)(.m_pAngleObsi.ObsValue(DEG) = m_pAngleObsi.ObsValue(DEG) -(AngleError(DEG)/m_iAngleObsCount); else if( m_nType= 2)/ 闭合导线 (./第一个角为连接角，不参与闭合差计算与角度分配for(int i=1;im

18、_iAngleObsCount;i+)(.m_pAngleObsi.ObsValue(DEG) = m_pAngleObsi.ObsValue(DEG) -(AngleError(DEG)/(m_iAngleObsCount-1); 一 /近似坐标推算及坐标闭合差计算 注意：fx,fy以引用的方式调用，把闭合差传递出来 void CSingleTraverse二CoorClosedError(double& fx, double& fy) ( double dx, dy; if(m_nType= 1|m_nType= 2)/附合导线或闭合导线( CAngle StartBearing;/ 起始

19、方位角 StartBearing = Azi(m_pKnownPoint0,m_pKnownPoint1);/沿导线路线递推终止边的方位角 for(int i=0;i 360)StartBearing(DEG) = StartBearing(DEG) - 360;else if (StartBearing(DEG) X+dx-m_pAngleObsi.cpEndObj-X;fy=m_pAngleObsi.cpStation-Y+dy-m_pAngleObsi.cpEndObj-Y; 一 )else/计算未知点近似坐标(m_pAngleObsi.cpEndObj-X=m_pAngleObsi.c

20、pStation-X + dx; m_pAngleObsi.cpEndObj-Y=m_pAngleObsi.cpStation-Y + dy; 一 ) ) ) )/分配坐标闭合差，得到简易平差结果void CSingleTraverse二DistributeCoorError(constdouble& fx, constdouble& fy)(/ 导线全长double dTotalLength = 0;for(int i=0;im_iDistObsCount;i+)(.dTotalLength=dTotalLength+m_pDistObsi.dDist;)/分配坐标闭合差，注意：是坐标增量按

21、比例分配，反号分配double dx=0, dy=0;for(int i=0;iX=m_pDistObsi.cpEnd-X-dx;m_pDistObsi.cpEnd-Y=m_pDistObsi.cpEnd-Y-dy;) 一一)/简易平差计算主程序void CSingleTraverse:SimpleAdjust(const CString& strFileName)(CAngle AngleError;AngleError = ComAngleClosedError();/计算角度闭合差DistributeAngleError(AngleError);/分配角度闭合差double fx, fy

22、, fD, K;CoorClosedError(fx, fy);/近似坐标推算及坐标闭合差计算DistributeCoorError(fx, fy);/分配坐标闭合差/相对误差计算 fD = sqrt(fx * fx + fy * fy); /导线全长double dTotalLength = 0;for(int i=0;im_iDistObsCount;i+) (.dTotalLength=dTotalLength+m_pDistObsi.dDist;一K = fD / dTotalLength;/开始输出简易平差的结果CStdioFile SF;CString strLine; setlo

23、cale(LC_ALL,);if(!SF.Open(strFileName, CFile:modeCreate|CFile:modeWrite) return; / 开始写数据 SF.WriteString(_T( 单导线近似平差结果n); strLine.Format(_T(导线类型：%dn),m_nType);SF.WriteString(strLine);第11页/ 写已知点数据strLine.Format(_T(已知点个数：%dn),m_iKnownPointCount);SF.WriteString(strLine);for(int i=0;im_iKnownPointCount;i

24、+).strLine.Format(_T(%s,%s,%.4f,%.4f,%.4fn),m_pKnownPointi.strName,m_pKnownPointi.strID,m_pKnownPointi.X,m_pKnownPointi.Y,m_pKnownPointi.H);SF.WriteString(strLine);/写未知点平差后数据/写未知点数据strLine.Format(_T(未知点个数：dn),m_iUnknownPointCount);SF.WriteString(strLine);for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+) strLine

25、.Format(_T(%s,%s,%.4f,%.4f,%.4fn),m_pUnknownPointi.strName,m_pUnknownPointi.strID,m_pUnknownPointi.X,m_pUnknownPointi.Y,m_pUnknownPointi.H); SF.WriteString(strLine);/ 写角度闭合差strLine.Format(_T( 角度闭合差：%.1f秒n角度闭合差限差为：%.1f 秒 n),AngleError(DEG)*3600,40* sqrt(double(m_iAngleObsCount);SF.WriteString(strLine

26、);/ 写坐标闭合差strLine.Format(_T(坐标闭合差：fx=%.2fcm fy=%.2fcmn),fx,fy);SF.WriteString(strLine);/写边长观测精度strLine.Format(_T(边长观测精度：1/%d),int(1.0/K);SF.WriteString(strLine);SF.Close();第12页/字符串分割函数CString* CSingleTraverse:SplitString(CString str , char split, int iSubStrs) (int iPos = 0; /分割符位置int iNums = 0; / 分

27、割符的总数CString strTemp = str;CString strRight;/先计算子字符串的数量while (iPos != -1) (iPos = strTemp.Find(split);if (iPos = -1)( break;strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, str.GetLength();strTemp = strRight;iNums+;if (iNums = 0) /没有找到分割符(/子字符串数就是字符串本身iSubStrs = 1;return NULL;/ 子字符串数组iSubStrs = iNums + 1; / 子用的数量=

28、分割符数量+ 1CString* pStrSplit;pStrSplit = new CStringiSubStrs;strTemp = str;CString strLeft;for (int i = 0; i iNums; i+) (iPos = strTemp.Find(split);/左子用strLeft = strTemp.Left(iPos);/右子用strRight = strTemp.Mid(iPos + 1, strTemp.GetLength();strTemp = strRight;pStrSpliti = strLeft;第13页pStrSplitiNums = str

29、Temp; return pStrSplit;/导入观测数据函数bool CSingleTraverse:LoadObsData(const CString& strFileName) (CStdioFile sf; /创建文件对象/以读的形式打开文件，如果打开失败则返回if(!sf.Open(strFileName, CFile:modeRead) return false;CString strLine;BOOL bEOF=sf.ReadString(strLine);/ 读取第一行，单导线类型 m_nType= _ttoi(strLine); /把读取的第一行字符串转换为数值型SetKn

30、ownPointSize(m_nType);/根据单导线类型设置已知点个数及数组大 小/开始读取已知点数据sf.ReadString(strLine);/ 已知点个数if(m_iKnownPointCount!= _ttoi(strLine)一一return false;)int n=0;/读取并保存已知点数据for(int i=0;im_iKnownPointCount;i+)sf.ReadString(strLine);CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,n);m_pKnownPointi.strName=pstrData0;m_pKnownPoin

31、ti.strID=pstrData1;m_pKnownPointi.X=_tstof(pstrData2);m_pKnownPointi.Y=_tstof(pstrData3);m_pKnownPointi.H=_tstof(pstrData4);delete pstrData;pstrData=NULL;)/开始读取未知知点数据sf.ReadString(strLine);/ 未知点个数SetUnknownPointSize(_ttoi(strLine);/读取并保存未知点数据for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+)第14页sf.ReadString(str

32、Line);CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,n);m_pUnknownPointi.strName=pstrData0;m_pUnknownPointi.strID=pstrData1;delete pstrData;pstrData=NULL;/开始读取角度观测值数据sf.ReadString(strLine);/ 角度类型m_nAngleType=_ttoi(strLine);sf.ReadString(strLine);/角度观测值个数if(m_iAngleObsCount!= _ttoi(strLine).return false;/读取并保

33、存角度观测值数据for(int i=0;im_iAngleObsCount;i+)sf.ReadString(strLine);CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,n);m_pAngleObsi.cpStation =SearchPointUsingID(pstrData0);m_pAngleObsi.cpStartObj =SearchPointUsingID(pstrData1);m_pAngleObsi.cpEndObj =SearchPointUsingID(pstrData2);m_pAngleObsi.ObsValue =CAngle(_ts

34、tof(pstrData3),DMS);delete pstrData;pstrData=NULL;/开始读取边长观测值数据sf.ReadString(strLine);/边长观测值个数if(m_iDistObsCount!= _ttoi(strLine)return false;/读取并保存边长观测值数据for(int i=0;im_iDistObsCount;i+)sf.ReadString(strLine);CString *pstrData=SplitString(strLine,n);m_pDistObsi.cpStart =SearchPointUsingID(pstrData0)

35、;m_pDistObsi.cpEnd =SearchPointUsingID(pstrData1);m_pDistObsi.dDist =_tstof(pstrData2);delete pstrData;第15页pstrData=NULL;) sf.Close(); return true;)/根据点号从已知点数组中找到控制点，并返回该点的指针 CControlPoint* CSingleTraverse:SearchKnownPointUsingID(CString strID) for(int i=0;im_iKnownPointCount;i+) if(strID=m_pKnownPo

36、inti.strID) return &m_pKnownPointi;).) return NULL;)/根据点号从未知点数组中找到控制点，并返回该点的指针CControlPoint* CSingleTraverse:SearchUnknownPointUsingID(CString strID) for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+) if(strID=m_pUnknownPointi.strID) return &m_pUnknownPointi;).) return NULL;)/根据点号从未知点和已知点数组中找到控制点，并返回该点的指针 CContr

37、olPoint* CSingleTraverse:SearchPointUsingID(CString strID) CControlPoint* pCP=NULL;pCP=SearchKnownPointUsingID(strID);if(pCP=NULL) pCP=SearchUnknownPointUsingID(strID);) return pCP;)第16页/严密平差(间接平差)计算主函数void CSingleTraverse二RigorousAdjust(const CString& strFileName) (/开始输出间接平差的结果CStdioFile SF;CString

38、 strLine;setlocale(LC_ALL,);if(!SF.Open(strFileName,CFile二modeCreate|CFile二modeWrite)return;/开始写数据SF.WriteString(_T( 单导线间接平差结果n);strLine.Format(_T(导线类型：dn),m_nType);SF.WriteString(strLine);/ 写已知点数据strLine.Format(_T(已知点个数：dn),m_iKnownPointCount);SF.WriteString(strLine);for(int i=0;im_iKnownPointCount

39、;i+)(strLine.Format(_T(%s,%s,%.4f,%.4f,%.4fn),m_pKnownPointi.strName,m_pKnownPointi.strID,m_pKnownPointi.X,m_pKnownPointi.Y,m_pKnownPointi.H);SF.WriteString(strLine);/第一步：计算未知点近似坐标double fx, fy;CoorClosedError(fx, fy);/该函数计算坐标闭合差的同时推算了未知点的近似坐标/ 把未知点近似坐标写入文件strLine.Format(_T(未知点个数：dn),m_iUnknownPoint

40、Count);SF.WriteString(strLine);for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+)(strLine.Format(_T(%s,%s,%.4f,%.4f,%.4fn),m_pUnknownPointi.strName,m_pUnknownPointi.strID,m_pUnknownPointi.X,m_pUnknownPointi.Y,m_pUnknownPointi.H);SF.WriteString(strLine);第17页/写坐标闭合差strLine.Format(_T( 坐 标 闭 合 差 ： fx=%,2fcmfy=%.2fcm

41、n),fx*100,fy*100);SF.WriteString(strLine);/ 第二步：计算角度观测值误差方程的系数和常数项/ 第三步：计算边长观测值误差方程的系数和常数项/ 第四步：组成误差方程/以上三步包含在FormErrorEquations函数中/ 第五步：定权，得到权矩阵int iTotalObsCount=m_iAngleObsCount+m_iDistObsCount;CMatrix P(iTotalObsCount,iTotalObsCount);P=Weight(10, 1);/ 第六步：组成并解算法方程CMatrix B, L;CMatrix BT, N, InvN

42、, detX, V;/ 注意：detX,即坐标改正数的单位为mmdoFormErrorEquations(B, L);BT = B;N = BT*P * B;InvN = N.Inv();detX = InvN * (BT * P * L);while(MaxAbsDetX(detX) 0.1);/ 第六步：精度评定V = B * detX - L;/输出系数阵和常数项SF.WriteString(_T(B 矩阵：rn);OutMatrixToFile(B,SF);/输出权矩阵SF.WriteString(_T(rnP 矩阵(对角阵)：rn);OutMatrixToFile(P,SF);SF.

43、WriteString(_T( 坐标改正数(mm)： rn);for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+)(m_pUnknownPointi.X+=detX(2 * i, 0) / 1000;m_pUnknownPointi.Y+=detX(2 * i+1,0) / 1000;strLine.Format(_T(%.1f,%.1frn),detX(2 * i, 0),detX(2 * i+1,0);第18页SF.WriteString(strLine);)SF.WriteString(_T(N矩阵：rn);OutMatrixToFile(N,SF);SF.Writ

44、eString(_T(N矩阵的逆矩阵：rn);OutMatrixToFile(InvN,SF);CMatrix W;W = BT * P * L;SF.WriteString(_T(W 矩阵：rn);OutMatrixToFile(W,SF);/第七步：输出平差结果至结果文件中/输出观测值残差SF.WriteString(_T(观测值残差(mm)： rn);OutMatrixToFile(V,SF);/计算单位权中误差，并输出CMatrix Omiga,Dxx,DLL;Omiga = -V * P * V;double Sigma;Sigma = sqrt(Omiga(0, 0) / (m_i

45、AngleObsCount + m_iDistObsCount - m_iUnknownPointCount * 2);strLine.Format(_T( 单位权中误差(mm)： %.1frn),Sigma);SF.WriteString(strLine);Dxx=Sigma*Sigma*InvN;SF.WriteString(_T(Dxx(mm):rn);OutMatrixToFile(Dxx,SF);DLL=B*Dxx*BT;SF.WriteString(_T(DLL(mm):rn);OutMatrixToFile(DLL,SF);double Qx;SF.WriteString(_T(

46、 点位误差(mm)： rn);for(int i=0;iInvN.Row();i+)(Qx=sqrt(InvN(i,i)*Sigma;strLine.Format(_T(%.1f ),Qx);SF.WriteString(strLine);)SF.WriteString(_T(Hrn);第19页/输出平差后观测值SF.WriteString(_T(平差后角度观测值(DMS): rn);CAngle angAdj;for(int i=0;im_iAngleObsCount;i+).angAdj(DEG)=m_pAngleObsi.ObsValue(DEG)+ V(i, 0)/3600;strLi

47、ne.Format(_T(%.5f ),angAdj(DMS);SF.WriteString(strLine);SF.WriteString(_T(Hrn);SF.WriteString(_T( 平差后边长观测值(m): rn);for(int i=0;im_iDistObsCount;i+)strLine.Format(_T(%.4f),m_pDistObsi.dDist+V(i+m_iAngleObsCount, 0);SF.WriteString(strLine);SF.WriteString(_T(Hrn);/写未知点平差后未知点坐标SF.WriteString(_T(未知点平差后坐标

48、如下(m): rn);for(int i=0;im_iUnknownPointCount;i+) strLine.Format(_T(%s,%s,%.4f,%.4frn), m_pUnknownPointi.strName, m_pUnknownPointi.strID, m_pUnknownPointi.X, m_pUnknownPointi.Y);SF.WriteString(strLine);SF.Close();/把矩阵输出到文件中void CSingleTraverse二OutMatrixToFile(const CMatrix& mat,CStdioFile& SF)CString

49、 strLine,strTmp;for(int i=0;imat.Row();i+)strLine.Empty();for(int j=0;jmat.Col();j+)第20页strTmp.Format(_T(%.4f ),mat(i,j);strLine=strLine+strTmp;)SF.WriteString(strLine+_T(rn);)/定权,SigmaAng为角度观测值先验精度(以秒为单位)，/SigmaDist距离观测的精度(以厘米为单位)CMatrix CSingleTraverse:Weight(double SigmaAng, double SigmaDist) (in

50、t iTotalObsCount=m_iAngleObsCount+m_iDistObsCount;CMatrix P(iTotalObsCount, iTotalObsCount);P.Unit();for(int i=0;iY - AngObs.cpStation-Y) / (Sij *Sij) / 1000;Bij = -Ro * (AngObs.cpStartObj-X - AngObs.cpStation-X) / (Sij*Sij) / 1000;Sik = HDist(*AngObs.cpEndObj, *AngObs.cpStation);Aik = Ro * (AngObs.

51、cpEndObj-Y - AngObs.cpStation-Y) / (Sik*Sik) /第21页1000；Bik = -Ro * (AngObs.cpEndObj-X - AngObs.cpStation-X) / (Sik*Sik) / 1000;Ai = Aik - Aij;Bi = Bik - Bij;Aj = Aij;Bj = Bij;Ak = -Aik;Bk = -Bik;CAngle Fij, Fik;Fij = Azi(*AngObs.cpStation , *AngObs.cpStartObj );Fik = Azi(*AngObs.cpStation , *AngObs.

52、cpEndObj);double Beta;Beta= Fik(RAD) - Fij(RAD);/左角的计算值if(BetaX - DistObs.cpStart-X) / Sik;第22页d = (DistObs.cpEnd-Y - DistObs.cpStart-Y) / Sik;Ci = -c;Di = -d;Ck = c;Dk = d;Li = (DistObs.dDist - Sik) * 1000;/常数项以毫米为单位)/组成误差方程,B为系数矩阵，L为常数项向量void CSingleTraverse:FormErrorEquations(CMatrix& B, CMatrix&

53、 L) (int iObsCount, iUnknownCount;iObsCount = m_iAngleObsCount + m_iDistObsCount;iUnknownCount = m_iUnknownPointCount * 2;B.SetSize(iObsCount, iUnknownCount);L.SetSize(iObsCount, 1);/计算角度观测值系数与常数项double Ai, Bi, Aj, Bj, Ak, Bk, Li;for(int i=0;im_iAngleObsCount;i+)(.ComAngleObsEff(m_pAngleObsi, Li, Ai

54、, Bi, Aj, Bj, Ak, Bk);L(i, 0) = Li;if(i= 0)(B(i, 0) = Ak;B(i, 1) = Bk;)else if(i = 1)(B(i, 0) = Ai;B(i, 1) = Bi;B(i, 2) = Ak;B(i, 3) = Bk;)else if( i = m_iAngleObsCount - 2)(.B(i, (m_iAngleObsCount - 4) * 2) = Aj;B(i, (m_iAngleObsCount - 4) * 2 + 1) = Bj;B(i, (m_iAngleObsCount - 3) * 2) = Ai;B(i, (m

55、_iAngleObsCount - 3) * 2 + 1) = Bi;).else if( i = m_iAngleObsCount - 1)第23页(B(i, (m_iAngleObsCount - 3) * 2) = Aj;B(i, (m_iAngleObsCount - 3) * 2 + 1) = Bj;). else (B(i, (i - 2) * 2) = Aj;B(i, (i - 2) * 2 + 1) = Bj;B(i, (i - 1) * 2) = Ai;B(i, (i - 1) * 2 + 1) = Bi;B(i, i * 2) = Ak;B(i, i * 2 + 1) =

56、Bk;) )/计算边长观测值系数与常数项double Ci, Di, Ck, Dk;for(int i=0;im_iDistObsCount;i+)(ComDistObsEff(m_pDistObsi, Li, Ci, Di, Ck, Dk);L(i + m_iAngleObsCount, 0) = Li;if(i=0)(B(i + m_iAngleObsCount, 0) = Ck;B(i + m_iAngleObsCount, 1) = Dk;)else if( i = m_iDistObsCount - 1) (.B(i + m_iAngleObsCount, (m_iDistObsCo

57、unt - 2) * 2) = Ci;B(i + m_iAngleObsCount, (m_iDistObsCount - 2) * 2 + 1) = Di; )一一else (B(i + m_iAngleObsCount, (i - 1) * 2) = Ci;B(i + m_iAngleObsCount, (i - 1) * 2 + 1) = Di;B(i + m_iAngleObsCount, i * 2) = Ck;B(i + m_iAngleObsCount, i * 2 + 1) = Dk;).)/求未知改正数绝对值最大的 double CSingleTraverse:MaxAbsD

58、etX(const CMatrix& detX)第24页double max=0;for(int i=0;imax)(max=fabs(detX(i,0);return max;3)平差结果(计算数据是自己找的有正确答案的数据)导线类型：1*已知点个数：4A,A,3157.3850,-8904.1270,0.0000B,B,3020.3480,-9049.8010,0.0000C,C,3702.4370,-10133.3990,0.0000D,D,3808.4450,-9963.8040,0.0000*未知点个数：41,1,3046.3670,-9253.0947,0.00002,2,3071

59、.8143,-9451.6003,0.00003,3,3059.5355,-9796.5348,0.00004,4,3286.6704,-9956.9298,0.0000*坐标闭合差：fx=5.44cm fy=6.49cm*B矩阵：0.99830.12780.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.0000-2.0206-0.25881.02230.13110.00000.00000.00000.0000第25页P矩阵（对角阵）：1.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000

60、.00001.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00001.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00001.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00001.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000.00000