音标教学课件(共73张PPT)

1、Phonetic symbols音标国际音标 元音分类：英语中共有48个音标，元音20个，辅音28个。单元音双元音前元音中元音后元音/i:/, /, /e/, /:/, /, /u:/, /, /:/, /, /:/e/, /a/, /, /, /a/, /, /e/, / 辅音爆破音磨檫音 鼻音半元音舌边音/ p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/f/, /v/, /, /3 /, / /,/ /, /s/, /z/, /h/, /r/ , /t/, /d3/, /tr/, /dr/ ,/ts/, /dz/m/, /n/, /l/w/, /j/Vowels（元音） -pure

2、 vowels（单元音）前元音： /i:/, /, /e/, /发单元音时应注意的事项：1.舌前部在活动2.舌端抵下齿3.从/i:/ /i/ /e/ /口形渐大/i:/例词： he sea tree 短语： green leaves deep sea clean street eat the meat 例句： A: Would you like coffee or tea? B: Tea, please. A: OK. I have tea, too./- /i/例词： pin ship hill chicks短语： a big ship fifty pictures Miss Smith i

3、nteresting films例句： A: Is Lily in? B: Lily is ill in bed. C: Oh, Im sorry./e/-/例词： pen head leg well短语： ten pence very well expensive cigarettes went to America例句： A: How did you spend your holiday? B: I went to Beijing. A: Was it expensive? B: Yes ,very./例词： apple lantern hand parachute短语： black ca

4、t mad man traveling bag matter-of fact例句： A: Ann is traveling to Japan. B: How happy she is ! A: She is very happy.Vowels（元音） -pure vowels（单元音）中元音： /:/, /, /发中元音时应注意：1.舌中部隆起2.舌端轻抵 下齿3./ :/ / /口形渐大/:/- /:/例词： girl bird work turn短语： early bird Thursday work thirsty person perfect search例句： A: He alway

5、s arrives work early. B: But he wasnt early this morning. A: You werent early either./例词： teacher picture breakfast welcome短语： a glass of water a quarter to seven brothers and sisters a book about China例句： A: look at the clock！ B: whats the time? A: its a quarter to seven/例词： cup run jump flood短语： h

6、urry up! trust us! rubbish number mustnt worry例句： A: Its sunny today. B: Yes, isnt it. A: My uncle will go to London next Monday. B: How lucky he is!Vowels（元音） -pure vowels（单元音）后元音： /u:/, /, /:/, /, /:/后元音发音要领：1.舌后部用力2.舌尖离开下齿龈3. /u:/, /, /:/, /, /:/口形渐 大/u:/例词： zoo who food blue短语： a tooth for a too

7、th Sue and Lucy fruit juice two shoes例句： A: Look at my new shoes? B: Oh, they are beautiful. A: Your boots are beautiful, too./例词： foot wood book push短语： good cook good book couldnt look pudding without sugar例句： A: Where did you put the book? B: Which book? A: The book you bought yesterday./:/例词： fo

8、rk ball morning airport短语： four balls score board morning glory sports reporter例句： A: I see two children on the blackboard. B: He is short. A: She is shorter./- /例词： cock shop job hospital短语： hot coffee long job on the box drop the pot例句： A: I have a bad cough. B: You must see a doctor. A: Yes, I mu

9、st go to the hospital./:/例词： car garden star guitar短语： fast car half park heart transplant stars and bars例句： A: You look very smart today. B: Thank you. C: What a marvelous dancer you are. Let me take a photograph of you. Vowels（元音） -diphthongs（双元音）/e/, /a/, /, /, /a/, /, /e/, / 双元音发音要领：1.口形、舌位有变化 发

10、单元音时口形、舌位自始至终保持不变。双元音是由两个不同的元音组成的，例如/ai/,从第一个元音/a/过度到/i/,口形和舌位都有变化：由口形较大、舌位较低的/a/音过度到口形较小、舌位较高的/i/音。其它七个双元音也一样，发音时口形舌位都有不同成度的变化。2.前长后短 双元音中两个元音的长度（音长）也不相等。第一个比第二个长些，约为三比一。3.前重后轻 发第一个元音时要多使点劲儿，但必须注意不要把两个元音分裂成一个强音、一个弱音来念，而是由强而渐弱。双元音发音要领：4.两音密合，一气呵成 由第一个元音到第二个元音是一个滑动的过程，中间不容停顿，不可把两个音分开来念。5.前音清楚，后音模糊 双元

11、音中的第一个元音发音清楚响亮，向第二个音滑动时，在尚未到达第二个元音的发音部位时滑动即可停止，不必把第二个音象单独发音时念得那么 清楚。这一点非常重要。常听到一些同学把/ai/念成“阿姨”，就是因为把/i/ 念得太清楚了，甚至跑过了头，越境而入/i:/的领域了。/e/-/ei/例词： face rain cake wait短语： eight cakes waste paper railway station wait for the mail例句：A: Its my birthday today.B: Happy birthdayA: Thank you. Come to my birthda

12、y party. And dont be late./a/-/ai/例词： sky kite write bicycle短语: white lie high tide eye for eye silent night例句：A: Its a fine day today. The sun is shining brightly.B: Yes, I feel hot. I like an ice-cream now.A: Yes, I do, too./-/i/例词： boy boil noise coin短语： a spoilt boy a noisy toy an annoying voice

13、 Joyces boyfriend例句： A: Look at my toy gun. B: Oh, what a good toy! A: Shall we join our friends in the garden? B: Yes, lets go./-/v/例词：coast throw boat toe短语： Joes coat go to the window load and unload throw a snowball例句： A: Look! He has a boat. B: Is he going to row? A: I think so./a/-/av/例词： cow

14、house mouth trousers短语： shout out brown mouse down town round flower例句： A: Is she milking the cow? B: Yes, she is. A: Is the cow in he house? B: No. She is on the dairy farm./-/i/例词： ear idea zero beard短语： the atmosphere here queer 古怪的skier Weary疲乏 mountaineer experienced engineer例句： A: Lets have so

15、me beer here. B: What a good idea! A: What shall we do after having beer? B: We shall go to the theatre./e/-/例词： hair bare pear chair短语：millionaires theirs mayors parentssquare chairs careful librarian例句：A: Where is my pen?B: Its over there on the chair.A: Thank you. Its really there./-/v/例词： tour p

16、oor sure gourd /g d/葫芦短语： poor tourists tour from China carm jury陪审团 European jewel例句：A: I received a letter from my uncle. Hes sick with influenza.B: Im sorry. Is he still in Europe.A: Yes. Hes still working in London.B: He must speak fluent English.Consonants（辅音） 英语辅音的发音特点 1.气流受阻，从肺部呼出的气流在通过口腔或鼻腔时

17、遇到阻碍（元音发音不受阻碍）。2.气流较强（元音气流较弱）3.阻碍部分肌肉紧张（元音发音时均衡地保持紧张）4.有清浊之分。 英语辅音的发音可以分别从”发音部位”和发音方法”两方面来学习。 1.发音部位：所谓”发音部位”是指气流受到阻碍的地方，也就是两个发音器官为了影响气流而构成的各种阻碍的部位。例如：发/p/ /b/时双唇先要紧闭，形成阻碍，发/f/ /v/时下唇接触上齿形成阻碍等等。 英语辅音按发音部位可分成：双唇音：/ p, b, m, w/唇齿音：/ f ,v/舌齿音：/ , /舌龈音：/ t ,d ,s ,z ,n ,l/齿龈后部音：/ , , , r, j/舌后软腭音：/ k, g，

18、/声门音：/h/ 2.发音方法：是指气流通过阻碍时所使用的不同方法（及其造成的听觉印象）。例如：发/p ,t ,k/时气流通过阻碍部位时所发出的爆破声，发/s ,z ,f/时气流从阻碍部位的缝隙中挤出，发出摩擦的声音等等。 英语辅音按发音方法可分成： 爆破音： /p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /k/, /g/ 摩擦音： f/, /v/, /, /, /s/, /z/, /, /, /h/, /r/破擦音：/, /鼻音： /m/, /n/, /舌侧音： /l/ 半元音： /j/, /w/ Consonants（辅音） -plosives（爆破音）/p/, /b/, /t/, /d/, /

19、k/, /g/ /p/例词： pig people pull put短语： pick up a pepper pot a piece of pork a pen and a pencil例句： A: Do you collect stamps? B: Yes, I do. A: Will you show me your stamp album? B: Yes, they are upstairs. Let me go and fetch them./b/例词： bus bed breakfast banana短语： Big Ben a big bottle beautiful baby bl

20、ue butterflies例句： A: Is this your handbag? B: No, it isnt my handbag is not brown. A: What color is your handbag? B: Its black./t/例词： table tall take telephone短语： ten teachers travel by train want a rabbit two trees例句：A: Im hungry. I want something to eat.B: What about some tomatoes? Lets go to the

21、restaurant!A: Yes, lets go./d/例词： door doctor head would短语： dear daughter red door played cards listened to the radio例句：A: What did you do last night？B: I studied last night.A: Did you study all night?B: No, I didnt. I listened to the radio for some time./k/例词： car duck clock park短语： the back of the

22、 car ask question a quarter to six a cool cleaner例句： A: I like cheap cakes.B: You do? Do you often have cheap cakes?A: Yes, I do.B: If you want to keep fit, dont eat too many cheap cakes./g/例词： bag dog goat green短语： good girl go to the grandpas as good as gold get a girl例句：A: Can you play the guitar

23、?B: Yes, I played my guitar in the garden and song again and again with my friends last night.A: You must have had a good time last night.Consonants（辅音） -fricatives（摩擦音）/f/, /v/, /, /, /s/, /z/, /, /, /h/, /, /, /r/f/例词： friend fat fish family短语： five flowers fast food fathers face feel fine例句： A: L

24、ook at Freda! She is fifty. B: Her hat is funny. A: Look at her fur coat. Its famous./v/例词: drive village very vest短语： lovely view village vet 兽医 leaving arriving leaves of the vine藤、葡例句： A: Whos driving the van? B: I think victor is.获胜者 A: Who is victor? B: He is my new neighbor, he has lived here

25、for only a few months./例词： thank month thin thirty短语： three thinkers Marthas birthday healthy author thirty mathematicians例句： A: My father is a mathematician. B: No wonder you are good at mathematics. A: To tell you the truth, my father never teaches me math./例词： father there that this短语： smooth lea

26、ther get together better than others another brother例句： A: Lily is taller than Mary. B: But Mary is slimmer than Lily. A: Look at them. Theyre doing physical exercise together./s/例词： sun small horse bicycle短语： sleep soundly expensive cigarettes some books sit in the sun例句： A: These are cups. B: Thos

27、e are saucers.茶碟 A: Theyre nice cups and saucers./z/例词： zoo prize bees nose短语： jazz music close the windows these days zero animal例句： A: Lets go to the zoo. B: Good. I like looking at the zebras. C: I like the monkeys there. Lets go./例词： fish sugar shoe shop短语： fashion shops friendship association社团

28、 British shoes washing machine例句： A: This shop sells washing-machines. B: Do they sell air-conditioners, too. A: Sure./例词： garage pleasure measure collision短语： an unusual collision measure a garage a great decision my pleasure例句： A: Lily likes clothes for casual随便的 wear. B: Clothes for casual wear a

29、re comfortable, A: I like to wear them in my leisure time./h/ 例词： hat hard hen high 短语： heart and hand high heels head-to-head happy honeymoon蜜月期 例句： A: There was a car accident here last Sunday. B: Oh, its horrible! A: Were you here when the accident happened? B: No, I only heard about it./例词： chee

30、k chicken church watch短语： Chinese chess which butcher chicken and chips change much例句： A: Where are the two children? B: Theyre having lunch. A: Here are some cherries 樱桃for them. B: Thank you very much./例词： jeep jar orange bridge 短语： a large jeep injured passengers adjust the engine orange juice 例句

31、： A: I have an orange. B: Oh, your orange is large. Look! Ive got a large sandwich. A: Yes, it is a very large one./r/例词： rose lorry卡车 rubber rocket短语： American waitress a married secretary grown up children French restaurant例句： A: Rose works as a secretary at the railway station. B: She does? She i

32、s a very pretty girl. A: Yes, very.Consonants（辅音） -nasals（鼻音）/m/, /n/, / /m/例词： moon home medicine mountain短语： man-made make a mistake come tomorrow middle name例句：A: Mum has come back home.B: Marvelous.A: Mom says well go and see a movie tonight.B: Yes, we certainly will./n/例词： neck tin night noise短

33、语： neat brandy白兰地酒 a negative answer telephone number harden the neck例词：A: What a nice postcard of the Grand Canyon!B: They are wonderful.峡谷A: Who sent it to you?B: A friend of mine./例词： ink ring sing monkey短语： ring-ding开朗的 rising diphthong双元音 strong string playing ping-pang例句：A: Do you like drinkin

34、g tea?B: Yes, I do.A: We are advised to drink more tea than coffee.B: Tea is good for health.Consonants（辅音） -lateral（舌侧音）/l/l/例词： black light jelly全身发软 lemon短语： early for lunch leg of lamb a glass of lemonade柠檬汽水 yellow jelly例句： A: Mum, is lunch ready? Im hungry. B: OK, lunch is ready. A: Whats for lunch, Mum? B: Well have lamb and potato salad.1. Red lorry, yellow lorry, red lorry, yellow lorry. 2. Lets look for leaves i