结构生物学第一讲-举例1-化学生物学课件

1、Chemical BiologyChemical BiologyWhy Chemical Biology?Chemistry, Physics Physical ScienceBiology Non-physical Science Promoting Multi-disciplinary Research Science and Technology Development Knowledge Innovation International Academic Exchange Etc.Interdisciplinary SubjectsMulti-disciplinary Subjects

2、 Medical Biology Molecular Biology Cell Biology Molecular Genetics Pathology Virology Bacteriology Neurology HematologyA diverse array of biological scientific subjects - all are based on Biology Epidemiology Pharmacology Physiology Microbiology Structural Biology Protein Biology Immunology Etc.-olo

3、gy Biology Biochemistry Biophysics Biomedicine Bioagriculture Bioanalytical Biodiversity Biomaterials Biopolymer Biocatalysis Etc.A diverse array of biological scientific subjects - all are based on ChemistryBio-Funds for physical sciences (mostly chemistry, physics, and astronomy) have remained fla

4、t while life sciences have soared. The Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been gived to scientists in research of biomacromolecules (DNA, RNA, Proteins) for 3 years.We can see how important life science is in the domain of Chemistry.There are some Nobel Prize winners:The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2002Devel

5、oping New Methods for Visualization of biomacromoleculesJohn B.Fennfor the development of methods for identification and structureanalyses of biological macromolecules Koichi Tanakafor their development of softdesorption ionization methods for mass spectrometric analyses of biological macromolecules

6、Kurt Wuthrichfor his development of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for determining the three-dimensional structure of biological macromolecules in solutionElectrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) of a protein John B. Fenn: ESI-MS Koichi Tanaka: MALDI-MS (Matrix-assisted laser deso

7、rption/ionization MS) Kurt Wuthrich: A wide variety of NMR methods for biomacromoleculesThe Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2003The structure and function of Ion Channels (bacterial KcsA K+ channel)The K+ channel discriminates against Na+ ionsand pass K+ ions at a rate of 107 to 108 per second.Aaron Ciecha

8、noverTechnion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa, Israelb. 1947The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2004for the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradationAvram HershkoTechnion Israel Institute of Technology Haifa, Israel b. 1937(in Karcag, Hungary) Irwin RoseUniversity of California Irvine, CA, U

9、SAb 1926 Ubiquitin a common polypeptide that represents the kiss of death. Ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation1.The E1 enzyme activates the ubiquitin molecule. This reaction requires energy in the form of ATP. 2.The ubiquitin molecule is transferred to a different enzyme, E2. 3.The E3 enzyme can

10、recognize the protein target which is to be destroyed. The E2-ubiquitincomplex binds so near to the protein target that the actual ubiquitin label can be transferred from E2 to the target. 4.The E3 enzyme now releases the ubiquitin-labelled protein. 5.This last step is repeated until the protein has

11、 a short chain of ubiquitin molecules attached to itself. 6.This ubiquitin chain is recognized in the opening of the proteasome. The ubiquitin label is disconnected and the protein is admitted and chopped into small pieces. It is obviously that multi-disciplinary research (e.g. Chemical Biology) alw

12、ays has a good future. For we do research not only with too limited ways of thinking and experimenting but also with other methods absorbed from some subjects else. We can not succeed without knowledge and techniques enough. So try your best in your own specialty, and meanwhile dabble at some other discipl