撰写英文论文应该注意问题

1、-. z中国学生写英语论文的常见错误总结读书笔记标题：The Most mon Habits from more than 200 English Papers written by Graduate Chinese Engineering Students原文如下：不能保证是原始出处./document/Most%20mon%20Mistakes%20of%20210%20Technical%20English%20Papers.pdf时间：2003以后阅读时间：摘要：本文提出了几种最常见的中式英语习惯，它们是从超过两百份中国学生写的英文论文中观察得来的。文中解释了这些

2、习惯，并且在大局部情况下给出了从实际论文中出现的例子以及正确的用法。我们试图去解释如何去改正和防止这些错误。一些情况下，我们还解释了为什么这些习惯会出现。本文可以成为一个单独的科技论文编写指南，尤其是当很难寻找一个母语为英语的编辑时。大意Section 1a, an, the冠词后面将跟随一个名词，并且任何冠词与名词之间的修饰词都用来修饰这个名词(a big blue bicycle / the first award)。A和an是不定冠词，the是定冠词。单数形式的不可数名词以及指代一个可数事务的普通名词，它们每次都需要一些限定词determiner。它们的使用方法如以下图所示：Incorr

3、ect Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on surface of mainand splitter blades.15Correct Figure 2 shows the distribution of relative velocity on the surface of themain and splitter blades.15分析上面的例子，surface是一个单数、可数、没有限定词的特定的单词，因此要用the修饰。而blades是一个复数、可数、没有特殊限定词、并且特定的单词，因此也要用the修饰。very

4、long sentence太长的句子不利于读者理解，应该尽量分为多个句子。对于一些参数的列，尽量使用列表或者整齐的子句。Prefacing the main idea of a sentence by stating the purpose,location or reason first在句子的前面述目的、位置、原因等，而不是述句子的主要含义。这样减弱了句子的主旨，混淆了读者的理解。Incorrect For the application in automobile interiors, this paper studies the nestingoptimization problem

5、in leather manufacturing. 5Correct This paper studies the nesting optimization problem in leather manufacturingfor application in automobile interiors.Tendency of placing phrases which indicate time at the beginning ofa sentence倾向于把表示时间的短语放在句首。这样是不自然的。Incorrect When U is taken as the control paramet

6、er, the BDs for =0.0, 0.001, 0.005are shown in Fig. 8.Correct Figure 8 shows the BDs for =0.0, 0.001, and 0.005 when U is taken as thecontrol parameter.Place the most important subject at the beginning of the sentence foremphasis将最重要的主题放在句首以示重视。这样的理解是错误的。Incorrect Based on the triangulation structur

7、e built from unorganized points or a CADmodel, the e*tended STL format is described in this section.4Correct The e*tended STL format is described in this section based on the triangulationstructure built from unorganized points or a CAD model.which/ thatRespectively and respective1. Respectively is

8、misplaced in the sentence; it is put before the nouns to which it refers.Incorrect Equations 26 can be respectively linearized as:(equations given)13Correct Equations 26 can be linearized as:(equations given), respectively.Incorrect The weights of the two e*perts are respectively 0.600 and 0.400.19C

9、orrect The weights of the two e*perts are 0.600 and 0.400, respectively.2. Respectively is inserted to e*press that there is a certain order in which something wasdone. However, the order is already implied elsewhere in the sentence or does not needto be e*pressed because it does not add value to me

10、aning of the sentence.Incorrect If both the core technology score and core quality score of a bottleneck processare, respectively, below certain scores, then we refer to strategy 1, otherwise, ifeither is, respectively, above a certain score, then we refer to strategy 2.Similarly, if the core techno

11、logy and core quality are, respectively, above acertain score, then we refer to strategy 3, otherwise, if either is, respectively,below a certain score, then we refer to strategy 4.19Correct If both the core technology score and core quality score of a bottleneck processare below certain scores, the

12、n we refer to strategy 1, otherwise, if either isabove a certain score, then we refer to strategy 2. Similarly, if the coretechnology and core quality are above a certain score, then we refer to strategy3, otherwise, if either is below a certain score, then we refer to strategy 4.Respectively通常出现在句子

13、的结尾，当两个或者更多的人或事被按照一定的顺序提起或者指定时，使用Respectively。它包含了一种顺序，这种顺序可以是在前面提到的，也可以是被读者领会到的。例子：For e*ample: Bobby, Nicole and Daren wore red, green and blue coats, respectively.List 1 List 2Bobby wore a red coat.Nicole wore a green coat.Daren wore a blue coat.In this paper, in this studystudy指作者做出的工作；paper指作者表

14、达工作的论文。不可混淆。这两个短语最好只用在两个地方：1.介绍或者总结全文时；2.在文中，当指出了其他作者的一些没有完成的工作之后，使用这两个短语来描述自己的工作。Numbers and Equations阿拉伯数字不应该出现在句子的开头，而应该使用英文单词。Incorrect 12 parameters were selected for the e*periment.Correct Twelve parameters were selected for the e*periment.阿拉伯数字被滥用，它们应该在给出技术指标时使用，而不用来表示普遍的信息。不要在句子中使用符号或者表达式，而应

15、该以语言描述。一般的论文要求所有的表达式都单独写出来，并使用特定的格式Incorrect If the power battery SOC SOClo and the driving torque belongs to themiddle load,Correct If the power battery SOC is greater than SOClo and the driving torquebelongs to the middle load,FormatParagraphs分段的错误有两个：第一种是换行但是没有缩进，所以让读者不知道这是否是新的一段。第二种是一段的最前面是一个单行的

16、句子，这个句子和这一段同时都缩进了。这句话的理解不太清晰，我疑心我理解错了。原文是：The seconderror occurs when a paragraph is preceded by a single sentence on a single line. Thesingle line is indented along with the succeeding paragraph as in e*ample *. Thismonly occurs in Chinese te*ts but is never done in English.Figure and TableFigure和T

17、able的正确缩写分别是Fig.和Tbl.。缩写不能出现在句首，并且Figure/Table和数字之间必须有一个空格。Variables变量必须使用斜体。Capitals大写字母不能出现在句中，只能出现在句首。such as and etc.such as的含义和for e*ample一样；etc.的含义等于and so on。它们如果放在同一个句子里则是冗余的。Such as意味着后面跟随一个不完整的列表，如果后面列出了所有的元素，则不应使用such as。Incorrect pared to traditional industry, Micro-electronic fabricatio

18、n has threecharacteristics such as high ple*ity, high precision and high automation.Correct pared to traditional industry, Micro-electronic fabrication has threecharacteristics: high ple*ity, high precision and high automation.Section 21以下单词具有同样的单数和复数形式：literature (when referring to research)equipme

19、nt,staff (referring to a group of people)faculty2以下单词不要同时使用，仅仅使用一个就可以了3一些单词要求它所修饰的名词必须为复数：4永远不要以阿拉伯数字或者英文缩写作为句子的开头。5不要使用by this way，而用by doing this或者using this method代替。6永远不要使用How to作为一个句子的开头。口语中也不要说No How to find the optimal parameter is the main objective.Yes Determining how to find the optimal parameter is the main objective.7不