英国社会与文化lectu课件(PPT 50页)

1、British Society and CultureLecture Three Literature and Arts= 购买docin文库财富值下载更多精彩小说请到/fxl8=第1页，共50页。Literature: 4 major periods Old English Literature before the Norman Conquest (1066)Medieval Literature (before the English Renaissance beginning from the 15th century)Modern Literature Contemporary Li

2、terature (post-WWII)第2页，共50页。The formation of the Old EnglishPre-Roman-ConquestCelts and Britons: Gaelic and Celtic.The Roman Conquest since 43 AD: LatinThe Roman departure in 407 A. D.the invasion of Anglo, Saxon and Jute: Icelandic, Viking, Danish, Germanic influences. 第3页，共50页。Confluence of Diffe

3、rent Linguistic Sources 450 A. D. Anglo, Saxon and Jute from North-West Germany invaded and occupied part of Britain 793-95 Viking invasions (Danish and Norwegian) in Scotland, northern and eastern England9th century Danish invasions; occupation of eastern England885 partition of England (under King

4、 Alfred the Great)917-26 England reoccupied Danish-held territories.1013 Danish conquest第4页，共50页。Old English Literaturec.a., the 10th century, BeowulfAuthor: anonymousSetting: Scandinavian Date of writing: between the 8th and the 11the century 第5页，共50页。第6页，共50页。Audio clips from an Old English versio

5、nPrologue 1,2,3第7页，共50页。Hollywood movie adaptation, 2007第8页，共50页。Medieval literatureFrench influence and English affirmation (1)The official language of the British court Turning pointJohn Kings losses of French lands in 1204 (2) Enriched subjects for literaturecourtly love第9页，共50页。Geoffrey Chaucer(

6、1340-1400)Contribution to the middle EnglishWide range of linguistic sourcesHelped to form a London-based standard language第10页，共50页。The Canterbury Tales第11页，共50页。Vivid and ironic portrayal of charactersThe very perfect gentle Knight a mercenary soliderThe nun a sensual woman who enjoys the pleasure

7、 of the sensesThe wife of Bathwho has five husbands第12页，共50页。The works meritsA diversity of characters, social levels, and ways of life.Restraint from authorial judgment.Humor and satire.第13页，共50页。Modern literatureEnglish Renaissance sonnet: travelled to England from Italy in the 16th century drama:

8、 the age of Shakespeare第14页，共50页。William Shakespeare(1564-1616)第15页，共50页。Stratford-upon-Avon第16页，共50页。The Globe Theatre第17页，共50页。第18页，共50页。第19页，共50页。Shakespeares complete works: 38 plays 2 narrative poems 154 sonnets第20页，共50页。His Position in World Literary Historyone of the most remarkable playwrigh

9、ts and poets in the worldone of the greatest giants of the Renaissanceone of the first founders of realisma literary giant “not of an age, but for all time” (John Benson).第21页，共50页。Hamlet (1601)第22页，共50页。Othello (1604)第23页，共50页。King Lear (1605)第24页，共50页。Macbeth (1606)第25页，共50页。Romeo and Juliet (1595

10、)第26页，共50页。Two major poets in the 17th centuryJohn Donne (1572-1631)John Milton (1608-1674)第27页，共50页。18th century literaturePoetry Alexander Pope (1688-1744) The Rape of the Lock (1712-14) Drama Richard Sheridan(1751-1816) The School for Scandal (1777)第28页，共50页。The Rise of the NovelDaniel Defoe, Rob

11、inson Crusoe (1719)Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones: A Foundling (1749)Jonathan Swift, Gullivers Travels (1726)第29页，共50页。Swifts joking epitaphHe knew a hundred pleasant stories,With all the turns of Whigs and Tories;Was cheerful to his dying day,And friends would let him have his way.He gave

12、 the little wealth he hadTo build a house for fools and mad,And showed by one satiric touch,No nation wanted it so much.That kingdom he hath left his debtor;I wish it soon may have a better.第30页，共50页。第31页，共50页。第32页，共50页。19th century literaturePoetry Romantic poets first generation: William Wordswort

13、h, Samuel Taylor Coleridge second generation: Lord Byron, Percey Bysshe Shelley, John Keats第33页，共50页。Characteristics of Romanticism in BritainA rejection of the rules of order, calm, harmony, balance, idealization, and rationality.A deepened high appreciation of the beauties of nature.Belief in the

14、emotion and imagination rather than reason or external canons.Focus on individual concerns and reverence for the common man.Use of everyday language in poetry.An increasing importance of women and children.Most popular genres: poetry and novels.第34页，共50页。Find the Matching authors for the quotes in t

15、he left-hand column I wandered lonely as a cloud.If winter comes, can spring be far behind?Beauty is truth, truth beauty, -that is all ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.John KeatsWordsworthPercey B. Shelley第35页，共50页。第36页，共50页。Other images of the Lake District: Windermere, Thirlmere, Dewent W

16、ater, and Grasmere.第37页，共50页。Fiction: leading form of literature in EnglishRegent Period (1810-1820): Jane AustenVictorian Period(1837-1901) : Charles Dickens, William Thackeray, George Eliot, Bronts,Thomas Hardy et al.第38页，共50页。Jane Austen (1775-1817)Three or four families in a country village is t

17、he very thing to work on. 第39页，共50页。Her fictionNorthanger Abbey (1798, 1818)Sense and Sensibility (1795-97,1811)Pride and Prejudice (1795-97, 1813)Persuasion (1818)Emma (1815)Mansfield Park (1814)第40页，共50页。Victorian eraThe period coincides with the reign of Queen Victoria who ruled over England from

18、 1837 to 1901.A time of rapid economic development as well as serious social problems.New inventions and discoveries in biology, geology and anthropology shook peoples religious belief.第41页，共50页。Main features of Victorian literatureDiversity, complexity and abundant writers and great works.The novel

19、 became the most powerful expression of progressive thought.Critical realists: Charles Dickens, William Thackeray, George Eliot, Bronte sisters et al.第42页，共50页。Charles Dickens (1812-1870)Oliver Twist (1837-38)David Copperfield (1849-50)Great Expectations (1860-61)Hard Times (1854)第43页，共50页。Thomas Hardy (1840-1928)Novel of character and environmentTess of the DUrbervilles (1891)Jude the Obscure (1895)第44页，共50页。20th century modernismModern experience in an alienating urban, industri