西南大学英语词汇学

1、西南大学网络与继续教育学院课程代码： 0057 学年学季：20181单项选择题1、In the 19th century, gold was first in California.incoveredrecovereduncovereddiscovered /2、“lose face is a(n).semantic loandenizen1alientranslation loan，3、 The United Nations has appealed for help from the community.A. within-nationalCintra-nationalinternatio

2、nal，pin-national4、 Come on! Cheer up!Don t just sit here as stiff as a1 pokerUpatiento rqueenking5、You were not seriously injured. Don t make a out of amountain, molehill /Cmount, molehill1hill, molehillCmolehill, mountain6、Which of the following words is INCORROCT in word formation?1.unhorseunhappy

3、unmanned1unfrostUThe figure of speech employed in “My father is a sanitary engineer ishyperbolemetonymy1litoteseuphemismAfter a meal in a restaurant, you ask the waiter for the.1notereceipt1bill/menu9、Words with such clusters as ch , ph , pn , rh as in chasm, phone, pneumaticGermanChinese1Greek1 Lat

4、inUIf they our offer, we will their goods.refuse, rejectUreject, refusepreject, rejectrefuse, refuseWe eventually ran out of patience with his behaviour.1childish/childlikec 3.child4.childy12、He was of having asked such a silly question.Cmiserable1guiltyo Csorry1ashamed/13、 I took only a of beans wi

5、th me and left.1hand1handfulU1handyhanded14、The missiles missed their, so the research group did not reach itstarget, targetgoal, goalgoal, target target, goal /15、Contrary public opinion, this area has long been a heaven for all forms of insect l1forwithto/1at16、No new ideas from the meeting.merged

6、submerged1emerged /.C.immerged17、Which of the following words has gone through the semantic change of subjectification?d rcorngossip TOC o 1-5 h z maidvery/18、Having lost the match, the team went home in spirits.1D. dark HYPERLINK l bookmark2 o Current Document o r.deep1 low-.r empty19、The Old Engli

7、sh word st a n means in modern English.1stalig1stole1stain1stone U20、 After his recovery from illness, he his former position.C. presumed1resumed .assumedconsumed21、In “Elizabeth could hear voices through the open door ” , the worddoor means. the moveable barrier in the entrance to a building, room,

8、 cupboard, car, etc. the channel to a certain placeNone of the abovethe panel board22、Among the synonymous group, old man, daddy, dad, father and male parent ,would m -B. male parentfatherold man1dad23、Which of the following usually appears in poems?nag Csteedhorsegee-gee24、The main characters in th

9、e novel seem so true to life, but actually, they are entirely CimaginativeimaginedimaginableA 1 . imaginary25、Mrs. Smith is afraid that she and herhusband don t see on New Year Resolutions.1eye to eye Uheart to heartface to faceback to back判断题26、Many words in English vocabulary are compositional. TO

10、C o 1-5 h z * A.V/1B.义27、In the Middle English period, English lost most of its inflections.1A.V/1B.义28、deer originally refers to a wild animal of any kind.1A.V/1B. X29、Latin element was first brought into English by Germanic tribes.1A.V1B. X30、time and tide used to be synonymous to each other.1A.V/

11、CB. X31、 VIP is an acronym, formed by taking the first letters of a series of words and pronounced a1A.，32、1B. X/London dialect began to spread as Standard English in the Middle English period.2.1.B. X33、Among apple, Fuji apple, fruitand food , fruit is the basic level category and the rest2.Fare th

12、ee wellB. X34、Farewell is shortened from1,A.V /.B. X35、Comparatively speaking, ask is more formal than interrogate. TOC o 1-5 h z 1A.V1B. X/36、The meanings of a word form a network in which each meaning enjoys the same status.1A.V1B. X/37、house is the superordinate of wall, roof, floor , etc.1A.V1B.

13、 X/“Just a second! ” is a case of litotes(understatement).1A.V/CB. Xfall , meaning Autumn, is converted from the verbfall which means “drop or come downun(1A.V1B. X/40、In the sentence, “I presume that you are Dr. Livingstone ” , presume can be replaced by ”1A.V/1B. X41、air-conditioner is a word deri

14、ved from adding- er to air-condition .1A.V1B. X/42、 A word, car for example, may mean differently to different people.1A.V/1B. X43、Compared with horse, gee-gee is stylistically moreformal.1A.V1B. X44、Words with peculiar clusters, such asch ,ph ,pn ,rh ,ism ,ize etc1.2.B. X45、Conventionally, native e

15、lement of English vocabularyrefers to the words of Anglo-Saxon Ori1.2.B. X主观题46、alien参考答案：alien: Alien refer to a word borrowed from a foreign language without assimilation, ispelling. For examples,“coup d e tat ” ,“resume ” ,“regime” , etc. are all Aliens47、stem参考答案：A stem refers to a word with all

16、 its inflectional suffixes have been removed. For exainflectional suffixedis removed, we have its stem“dislike ”48、meronymywhole sense relationship. For example, the word“body”_ _ _办 meronymy .参考答案：Meronymy refers to the partpart- whole relationship; technically, this relationship is called49、genera

17、lization参考答案： _ 11 _ _ _manuscript originally meansGeneralization refers to the extension of the word range, or the widening of the semabook, a piece of music,something handwritten ” ; presently, its semantic setc. before it has been printed50、clipping参考答案：Clippings are forms abbreviated from larger

18、 words but share a common function with wadvertisement ” , examination ” , “gymnasium all have their clipped form“ad”，What is antonymy and what are its different types?参考答案：Antonymy refers to the relationship between two or rarely more words of the same lan identical in style and nearly identical in

19、 distribution, associated and used together contrary or contradictory notions.There are three types of antonymyComplementary antonymy refers to the relation between two words that the denial o other, and vice versa.e.g. male vs. Female; alive vs. dead; boy vs.girl; odd vs. evenThe relation between t

20、he members of the pair of complementary antonyms can be best reGradable antonymy refers to the relation between two words that the two words in different degrees of grades can be distinguished. See more examples as the following:good vs. bad; fat vs. skinny; wide vs. narrow; fast vs. slowold/yMany p

21、airs of gradable antonyms contain one marked term and one unmarked, e.g. term is more restricted in distribution than the first. The relation between members represented in the following way:Relational antonymy refers to the relation between the two items do not constitut existence of one of the pai

22、r presupposes the existence of the other, or one of them c more examples as the following:e.g. predecessor vs. successor; parent vs. child; teacher vs. studentlend vs. borrow; employer vs. employee; buy vs. sell52、Make an account of the mechanisms of semanticchange.There are altogether five mechanis

23、ms of meaning changes.of meaning, is the process wMelioration, also known as amelioration or elevation used in positive, or at least neutral contexts.e.g. knight: Anglo- Saxon origin, “a boy ” , but through milita ry and feudal associatipejoration or degradation is the process by which the meaning o

24、f words become neg words such as silly, idiot, moron, imbecile, villain, churland hussy are good capejoration. These words have been considered so offensive that they are hardly used iGeneralization of meaning, also called extension, widening or broadening, refers t widening the semantic scope of wo

25、rds. It is one of the most common features in the hie.g. noviceOriginally meant “a person admitted to a probationary membership in a religious comm beginner ”Specialization, also known as narrowing or restriction, the opposite of generaliza meaning acquires a narrow or specialized sense. In other wo

26、rds, a word which used to its application and conveys only a special concept in present-day English.The word girl , for example, was used to refer to any young person in Middle English Early Modern Period on. Specialization of meaning can also be observed in the word “farmyard hen “ with its old meaning of “bird ” only retains in a few expressions lSubjectification is the process by which the meaning of a given word changes from subjective.e.g.