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1、 The Attributive Clause定语从句.第1页,共29页。 定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任,修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例) 例: The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was drunk. 定语从句在英语中,修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例:The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was drunk.第2页,共29页。关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词
2、与关系代词的区别I have a sister.She works in Shanghai. 代替 sister普通代词:只起代替的作用(如上例she)I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai.关系代词: (如上例who/which) 1.代替先行词; 2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分; 3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。 (把主句和从句连起来).第3页,共29页。 The building is our school. The building stands by the river. 关系代词的使用取决于先行词,它们的关系非常密切,因为关
3、系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词,所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后,而且它的 人称、数必须和先行词一致。The building which/that stands by the river is our school. 先行词 关系词 定语从句which/that 是关系代词,它在从句中代替先行词the building, 同时担任从句中的主语,也起连词的作用,把两个简单句连接 起来。.第4页,共29页。 关系词判 断 步 骤 : 首先,要看先行词。 如果先行词是指人,关系代词 可用 who,that,whom,whose。如果先行词指物,关系 代词可用which或that; 然后,要
4、确定关系词在从句中的成分。请看下表先行词 主格 宾格 所有格 人who,thatwho(m),that whose 物which,thatwhich,thatwhose,of which.第5页,共29页。 最后,定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致. 注:定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。 The woman who/that spoke at the meeting yesterday is my mother. (主句)The woman is my mother.(叙述客观事实 用一般现在时) (从句)The woman (who/that) spoke at the meeting yester
5、day. (句中yesterday表示过去时间).第6页,共29页。.第7页,共29页。the tallthe strong the cleverboyThe boy is Tom.The boy who is tall is Tom.The boy who is strong is TomThe boy who is clever is Tom.第8页,共29页。 The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling. The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face. The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语)Th
6、e boy who has a round face is Tom. The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.The boy who sits in front of me is Tom. .第9页,共29页。 The man is kind. Everyone likes him. The man (who) everyone likes is kind. (宾语) The woman got the job. We saw her on the street.The woman (whom) we saw on the street got the j
7、ob. The teacher will give us a talk. We met the teacher yesterday. The teacher (whom) we met yesterday will give us a talk.第10页,共29页。关系代词 1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略)The man( who) I talked with is our teacher.A person who steals things is called a thief.2.whom指人,作宾语 (作宾语可省略,如 介词提前则不能省) The man (whom/who)
8、I talked to is Mr. Li.The man to whom I talked is Mr. Li.第11页,共29页。关系代词 3.whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。 Please show me the book . Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red.I saw a woman . Her bag was stolen .I saw a woman whose bag was stolen.第12页,共29页。applethe redthe greenthe sma
9、llthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is smallThe apple which is green is big.第13页,共29页。Can you find the pen? I wrote with it just now.Can you find the pen with which I wrote just now?Can you find the pen (which) I wrote with just now? .第14页
10、,共29页。4.which 指物,作主语或宾语 (作宾 语可省略,如介词提前则不能省) These are the trees which were planted last year.The TV set (which) he bought yesterday is made in Japan. Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?Is this the library from which you borrow books?.第15页,共29页。1)This is the hero( whom) we are proud of
11、. This is the hero of whom we are proud . This is the hero(that) we are proud of .2)The room (that) I live in is very big. The room (which) I live in is very big. The room in which I live is very big. The room where I live is very big.注意: 固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:look after,look at 关系代词与介词: 介词放在关系代词的前面时
12、,介词宾语只能用which代物, 用whom代人。(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略).第16页,共29页。定语从句中需注意事项 有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon. 2.先行词是 something, nothing, anything等不定代词时 Here is
13、something( that) I will tell you.第17页,共29页。3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用that I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see. 4.先行词是one of,the one, 或用 little, much, few, no, all, some, any, the only, the very, the same, the last 作修饰时 Is it the one that you want ? I havent got much that I can offer
14、 you. 5.当主句已有疑问词 who或which时,用that Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? .第18页,共29页。注: who、that在指人可以通用,但下列宜用 who,不用that 1).先行词是anyone, someone, those时,关系词使用who Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. Is there anyone who wants to go there? 2).在there be 句型中,先行词指人,关系词用who There
15、is an old man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.第19页,共29页。 关系副词 关系副词是用来引导定语从句的,它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。 where:在从句中作地点状语,指代地点. when: 在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。1.The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed at the hotel.The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed w
16、asnt clean.The hotel (which) we stayed at wasnt clean.第20页,共29页。2.Ill never forget the day. I joined the League on that day. Ill never forget the day when I joined the League. Ill never forget the day on which I joined the League .第21页,共29页。(1) The scientist is very famous in the world. We met her y
17、esterday.The scientist we met yesterday is very who famous in the world. whom that (2) The dress is new. She is wearing it.The dress that she is wearing is new. which .第22页,共29页。(3) He is the kind person. I have ever worked with him. (4) This is the best film. I have ever seen this film.He is the ki
18、nd person that I have ever worked who with. whom This is the best film that I have ever seen. .第23页,共29页。 单项选择。 1. This is the job _they laughed at. A.which B.as C.it D.who 2. Beihai Park is a beautiful park_built about 300 years ago. A.where was B.that were C.which was D.where3. Who was the grey-ha
19、ired man _at yesterdays meeting?A.we saw him B.we saw C.we saw who D.she was seen4. The man _is painting the house is my uncle. A.heB.whom C.whose D.who5. What is the animal _baby is sleeping in its pocket? A.who B.whose C.its D.whichACBDB.第24页,共29页。6. This book is for the students _native language
20、isnt English. A.that B.of whom C.whose D.whos7. The robbers shouted, “Hands up!Ill shoot anyone _moves!” A.whom B.that C.who D.whose8.The dictionary_he paid 50 yuan for is very useful. A.which B.for which C.on which D.about which9The boy_parents died two years ago lives with his grandpa now. A.whose B.who C.his D./10.The man_ is smoking is a bus driver. A. whom B.who C. which D. whatCCAAB.第25页,共29页。 根据汉语完成句子:1.This is the engineer _ (给我们作关于计算机报告的) the other day.2.My necklace is not _. (唯一不见的东西).3.The man_ (在这间房子里工作的)is an English teacher.4.Th
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