2022年南京市广播电视大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、 2022年南京市广播电视大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【阅读选择】The farm is set right next to a beautiful flood plain and the property is home to trees that have lived for thousands of years. All of the villages throughout Botswana（博茨瓦纳）have their own chief who controls a certain amount of land. We had the opportun

2、ity to sit in on a meeting with the chief of Katchikow, which we called it “Catch a Cow.” In the meeting we discussed starting a hydroponics farm in his area. He seemed to be all for it and said that it was gods plan that the project we were helping with had come to his area.The chief of each villag

3、e _. A、is called Katchikow B、supports the idea of hydroponics farm C、has a certain amount of land D、has a meeting each week【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节理解题。根据所考关键词chief迅速锁定本段介绍chief的内容。每个村庄都会有一个自己的首领，而每个首领都拥有一定量的土地。第2题【单选题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not

4、 smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes_. The US Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53，000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke. A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where

5、both parents smoke. B、In the United States，nine million children under the age of five live in homes with at least one smoker. C、This smoke is called secondhand smoke. D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】C【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首选对此烟加以定义的句子。第3题【单选题】【阅读选择】But even

6、if every large city purified and reused its water, we still would not have enough. Where could we turn next? To the oceans! All wed have to do to make use of the vast amount of sea-water is remove the salt. This salt-removing process is already in use in many parts of the world.According to the pass

7、age, sea-water can be turned into fresh water by_ A、heating it up. B、treating it with chemicals. C、taking salt out of it. D、drying it up.【正确答案】C【答案解析】海水之所以不能饮用就是因为它是咸的。答题依据是本段的remove the salt即take salt out。第4题【单选题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the chi

8、ld himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语部分原因在于儿童自身，部分原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说“儿童母语学得好的原因只是因为他们的学习环境。”此处solely的表述是错误的

9、。第5题【单选题】【阅读判断】Technology is a beauty. We eagerly adopt its pleasure, preferring to cope with the drawbacks on the morning after.Q: Technology is like an art, which everybody including scientists loves. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。这段提到了technology是一种美的享受，但是没有说它是一种艺术，更没有说我们每个人都热爱这门艺术。第

10、6题【单选题】【2009.04】It is not decided _ the conference will be held. A、what B、which C、when D、that【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：大会什么时候召开还没有决定。详细解答：A 什么；B 哪一个；C 什么时候；D （无词义）。第7题【单选题】【阅读选择】The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small packageRight now, Belchers model battery, a metallic disk co

11、mpletely built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscopeWhich of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6? A、It is made of metal B、It is a kind of watch battery C、It can

12、only be seen with a microscope D、It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it【正确答案】D【答案解析】做题步骤：四个选项逐一带到原文，找到三个错误选项，一个正确选项，比NOT TRUE题难。第8题【单选题】【2009.04】The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just _. A、tentative B、valid C、technical D、thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析：形容词词

13、义选择题。详细解答：A 不确定的、试探性的；B 正当的、有根据的、有效的；C 技术性的、专门技术的；D 彻底的、十足的。第9题【单选题】【填句补文】Rough estimates in the past have predicted similarly disappointing results. _ Says Sallie Chishol, an environmental engineer from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. But the take-home message is the same. Ocean fertiliz

14、ation is not the answer to global warming. A、These are newer and better models, B、Its opponents argue, however, that it will stop global warming. C、Adding iron to patches of ocean can make plankton bloom temporarily. D、As plankton die and settle on the ocean floor, their carbon is supposedly locked

15、up in the seabed.【正确答案】A【答案解析】这个问题可以根据引号来作答，因为空格后面有“says”这个词，它预示着所填入的句子应该是带引号的。A的意思是：这些是比较新的也是比较好的模型。第10题【单选题】【阅读判断】Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice. Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a little sweetened warm tea or diluted fruit jui

16、ce.Q: To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。文章说到：Avoid milk or creamy drinks which coat your throat. 避免喝牛奶和奶油饮料。第11题【单选题】【2008.04】The government finally _ all the documents relating to the war. A、released B、specialized C、rea

17、lized D、supposed【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查动词意义区分。A “公开发表、公布或发布（新闻）” B 专门从事、专攻 C 意识到、领悟 D 假定、猜想。整句话的意思是：政府最终公布了与这场战争有关的全部文件。第12题【单选题】【阅读选择】Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999, Oseola McCarty, an elderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame house where she had lived and worked most of h

18、er life. It may seem like an ordinary end to a humble life, but there was something quite exceptional about this woman. In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown. The money was to help

19、other African Americans through university. She had started her savings habit as a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron for money which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired the world because _. A、she had managed to save so much money B、she gave her money to

20、African Americans C、she gave her life savings to help others through university D、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。only是绝对词，在选项D中出现，根据经验排除D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was something quite exceptional about this woman说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲In the summer of 1995, McCarty gave $ 150,000, most

21、of the money she had saved throughout her life，to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A和B表达都不全面，答案是C。第13题【单选题】【完成句子】Certainly there are millions who need to lose weight. But there are also millions who only imagine they need to. Compulsive and continuous dieting

22、, not to mention eating disorders, shows that some of us will do anything to reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape. But is being underweight really desirable?A great many people go on a diet to_. A、keep fit B、have a body shape that all people will admire C、prolong life span D、get r

23、ide of digestive system diseases【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字指出，很多人为了达到当前流行的体型（reduce our bodies down to the currently desirable shape）而不惜通过节食等方法减肥。因此选择B。第14题【单选题】【2009.01】The twin sisters were identical_ appearance and character. A、of B、with C、in D、to【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查介词词义。句意：这对双胞胎姐妹的面容和性格都一模一样。be identical to/

24、 with 完全相同的，一模一样的。本题要说明在某个方面是一样的，故选C。 第15题【单选题】【填句补文】Home schooling is often more interesting than regular schools, but critics say that home-schoolers are outsiders who might be uncomfortable mixing with other people in adult life. _. However, most parents dont have the time or the desire to teach

25、their children at home, so schools will continue to be where most children get their formal education. A、Critics also say that most parents are not well qualified to teach their children. B、A number of parents prefer not to send their children to school. C、Children who are educated at home are known

26、 as home-schoolers. D、Others believe they can provide a better educational experience for their children by teaching them at home.【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段大意是“对 home schooling 提出了质疑”，需要注意前面说到了“critics say”，空格处与之对应的是“Critics also say”。第16题【单选题】【阅读选择】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in bu

27、siness. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and

28、willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt _. A、sad B、disappointed C、horrible D、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了

29、两个关键词sadness和regret，可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第17题【单选题】【填句补文】David Guterson and his wife teach their three children at home. Guterson says that his children learn very differently from children in school: _. For example, when there is heavy snowfall on a winter day, it may start a discussion or reading a

30、bout climate, snow removal equipment, Alaska, polar bears （北极熊）, and winter tourism. A spring evening when the family is out watching the stars is a good time to ask questions about satellites and the space program. A、Some parents prefer teaching their children at home because they do not believe th

31、at public schools teach the correct religious values. B、Learning starts with the childrens interests and questions. C、Interestingly, results show that home-schooled children quite often do better than average on national tests in reading and math. D、Critics also say that most parents are not well qu

32、alified to teach their children.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此空要填的是home-schoolers与其他孩子学习的不同点，因此选B。第18题【单选题】【阅读判断】The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks, police cars, and othe

33、r rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble.Q: Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题的意思是：救援车辆费了很大劲才把人救出来。此句的意思在最后一句提到了，故选A。第19题【单选题】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、such

34、 as C、instead of D、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房子在夜晚非常安静。A 至于，关于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第20题【单选题】【2008.04】Fish is _ and expensive at this time of the year in this area. A、in large measure B、to the minimum C、in short supply D、to the maximum【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查短语意义辨析。这个地区在一年中的这个时候鱼的供

35、应不足，价格昂贵。in short supply：缺货、供货不足。第21题【单选题】【阅读选择】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defined a

36、s total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP because the factors of production do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside for ca

37、pital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income goe

38、s for wages, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees.Which of the following statements is true according to the paragraph? A、GNP equals national income plus indirect business taxes. B、GNP excludes both capital consumption allowances and indirect business taxes. C、Personal income is re

39、garded as the total money income received by an individual after his or her taxes are paid. D、The money that goes for capital consumption is not regarded as income.【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题的依据是本段的The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income.这个句子。对原句的词语选项D用了别

40、的表达方法，但大意仍保持不变。第22题【单选题】【阅读选择】Hearing loss, which occurs typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout ones lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For many millio

41、ns, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the sound solution is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-of

42、f（下降）, can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear. Moreover, its superior design is energy-efficient, so batteries can last months. Crystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier（放大器）.According to the passage, hearing loss is_. A、only a min

43、or health problem. B、the worlds most common health problem. C、merely a teenage disease. D、an incurable disease.【正确答案】B【答案解析】hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem这句话可以帮助我们找到答案。第23题【单选题】【阅读判断】Over the weekend, Hillary Rodham Clinton, wife of former president Bill Clinton, announced

44、her run for 2008 presidency. This is partly due to the biased thinking that women are weak on national security, though they might be strong on education and health care. This damages their prospects as a presidential contender.Q: One of Hillarys campaign promises is to reform the nations health car

45、e system. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。问题句说“Hillary的一个竞选承诺是改革国家的医疗制度。”而本段只是说“女人做教育和医疗方面的工作有优势”，没有说Hillary的一个竞选承诺式改革国家的医疗制度，因此问题句的信息在文章中没有被提到。第24题【单选题】【阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever

46、more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned(抛弃) many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that _. A、they dev

47、eloped accurate system measuring time. B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones. C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones. D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】C【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones

48、in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了转化，最高级代替了比较级。第25题【单选题】【概括大意】Many of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light,

49、 but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Importance of learning from failure B、Never a successful man gives up C、It is important to fail for a successful man D、EdisonS comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用部分可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因此选择D。第26题【单选题】【2009.7】The

50、wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他们就会很快痊愈。A 营养，滋养；B 填满，塞满； C 驯服（猛兽）；D 冒险第27题【单选题】The water _ all over the desk. A、is spilt B、was spilt C、spilt D、spill【正确答案】C【答案解析】水洒了一桌子。spill有“（使）洒出”之意，故不用被动，

51、排除AB；water是不可数，谓语不用spill原形；spilt是spill的过去式，答案选C。第28题【单选题】Even with the new development in research, only a tiny _ of all tests are done without using animals. A、variety B、amount C、plenty D、proportion【正确答案】D【答案解析】本句的意思是：“即使研究有了新的发展，只有一小部分的试验可以不用动物”。因此答案为D。variety 和plenty 分别表示“多样”和“大量的”，意思不合适。amount 后

52、只能接不可数名词，而test是可数名词。第29题【单选题】【阅读判断】Norwich, the capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，

53、Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一个小村庄，就说明了River Wensum流经 Norwich。第30题【单选题】【2007.04】The volleyball match was televised _ on CCTV. A、alive B、life C、live D、lively【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播地。符合句意。 第31题【单选题】【完成句子】Did you know that before 1950, hurricanes had no names? They were simply given nu

54、mbers. The first names were simply Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, etc. but in 1953, females names were given because of the unpredictability（不可预知）factor of the storms. In 1979, realizing the sexist（性别歧视的）nature of such names, the lists were expanded to include both men and women.The main consideration of us

55、ing males and females names for hurricanes is _. A、the timely（及时的）discovery B、its uncertainty C、sex equality D、its connection with humans【正确答案】C【答案解析】依靠原文（利用（male, female）names作为答案线索词）中最后一句判断答案为C（与性别有关）。第32题【单选题】【2007.04】If the operation _ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful. A、was

56、 not B、has not been C、had not been D、were not【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查虚拟语气。主句是对过去的虚拟，所以根据句意，条件状语从句也应该是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done的形式。句意：如果手术没有经过认真仔细的准备，它就不会成功。第33题【单选题】【完成句子】Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive ch

57、arges（正电荷） build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged（负电荷的）. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charg

58、e on the ground gathers at elevated points.In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface_. A、is positively charged B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is negative charged D、is changed from positively charge to negative charge【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字解释了云层与地面之间的闪电的成因，云层下部带负电荷，排斥地面表层的负电荷

59、，所以地面表层聚集的是正电荷。答案为A。第34题【单选题】【阅读选择】Helping the planet is a big part of what our world trip is all about and thats exactly what we did this past week. We helped get a hydroponics farm started in a local village. This farm will be a model for the local villagers so they can start their very own self s

60、ustaining farm. Hydroponics is a type of farming that uses a third of the water needed in an average farm and uses no soil. A hydroponics farm _. A、is difficult to build B、is a type of farm without soil C、will cost lots of money D、was started in the village before they came【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解题。根据