英语阅读理解专练——细节理解题 (3)

1、英语阅读理解专练细节理解题解题思路与应试技巧细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：1、对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。2、词性或者语态的变化。3、语言简化。4、正话反说。干扰项也是以文章中的某个细节设题，若不仔细辨别，很容易把它当成正确选项。干扰项有以下特征：1、将原文内容扩大或缩小。2、把未然当已然。3、无中生有。4、偷换概念。5、文不对题。下面结合最新高考试题，对细节题的不同类型加以解读。巩固练习：（A）Mostpeoplewhoenjoymoviesdonotreallyc

2、arehowtheyaremade.Theyjustwanttoenjoyagoodstory.MovieproduceranddirectorGeorgeLucaswantspeopletoseethebestmademovies.So,hislatestmovieStarWarswasmadewithoutusingfilm.StarWarswasmadeusingdigitalcameras.Adigitalcameradoesnotusetraditionalfilm.Itcapturesimagesonvideotape.Theimagesrecordedonvideotapeare

3、theplacedinacomputer.GeorgeLucassaysthatusingdigitalcameraspermitshimtohavemuchmorecontroloverthefinalproduct.Forexample,theimagecanbechangedafteritisplacedinacomputer.Anexpertcanchangecolor,addortakeoutobjects,addpeopleorbeingswhoarenotreal.MuchofwhatisseeninthenewmovieStarWarsisnotreal.Hugebuildin

4、gs,spacecraftandalienbeingsfromotherworldswereproducedinacomputer.Movieexpertssaydigitaltechnologyistherealfutureofthemotionpictureindustry.Atheaterwillnolongerhavetowaitdaysorweekstoshowanewmovie.Theaterswillbeabletoreceivecopiesofnewmoviesbylinkingcomputers.Ortheywillusesmallcomputerdiskstogetacop

5、yofthemovie.WhenthenewmovieStarWarswasreleasedlastmonth,only94theatersaroundtheworldhadthedigitalequipmentneededtoshowit.SoMr.Lucascompanyproducedabout6,000copiesofthenewdigitalmovieontraditionalfilmforreleaseinmosttheaters.However,mostpeoplewhohaveseenthemoviesaythesefilmcopiesareofmuchbetterqualit

6、ythanotherfilmedmovies.Criticssaythenewdigitaltechnologyisverycostly.Manytheaterownerswillnotbuythenewtechnology,yetmanyofthepeoplewhoworkedonthenewmovieStarWarssaytheywouldnotliketoworkwithfilmagain.Theysaidusingdigitalequipmentwasfaster,andvideotapeismuchlesscostlythanfilm.Onecameramansaidthedirec

7、torofamoviecanimmediatelyseewhatwasjustrecorded,somethingimpossibletodowithfilm.1.AccordingtoGeorgeLucas,whatmakesthebestmademoviespossible?A.Agoodstory.B.Film.C.Digitalcameras.D.Videotape.2.WhichisNOTtruefortherealfutureofthemotionpictureindustry,accordingtomovieexperts?A.Linkingcomputersforcopieso

8、fnewmovies.B.Showingfilmedmoviesintheaters.C.Usingsmallcomputerdiskstogetacopyofthemovie.D.Havingthedigitalequipmentneededtoshowthemovie.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichistrueaboutthenewmovieStarWars?A.Thereareabout6,000copiesofthenewdigitalmovie.B.Ithasbeenshowninonly94theatersaroundtheworld.C.Itisthe

9、bestamongfilmedmovies.D.Itistheproductofthenewdigitaltechnology.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheadvantagesofthenewdigitalmovie?A.Thedirectorcanhavetheobjectsandpeopleaddedortakenout.B.Itwillbemoreconvenientfortheaterstogetsuchkindofnewmovies.C.Peopleallagreethatthenewdigitalmoviesarelesscostlythanthefi

10、lmedmovies.1D.Thedirectorcanmonitortherecordingandcheckwhatwasrecordedjustnow.（B）AstheUSwakesuptoChinasrisingstatusasaneconomicandstrategiccompetitor,USparentsareurgingtheirchildrentolearnChinese,reportsJulianBorger.TheUSisbeingsweptbyarushtolearnMandarinfromwealthyNewYorkmothershiringChinesenannies

11、（保姆）fortheirsmallchildrentoadefencedepartmenteducationprojectinOregon.TheforcesdrivingMandarinsmomentum（势头）areparentalambitionforchildrenfacingafutureinwhichChinaisalmostcertaintobeamajorplayer,andthegovernmentisworriedaboutthatAmericamaygetleftbehindinthatnewworld.Thebottleneckisthesupplyofteachers

12、.Mandarininstructorsaredifficulttoimportanddifficulttotrain.TherearevisaproblemsinbringingoverteachersfromChinabutthebiggestbarrieriscultural.TeachinginAsiaisgenerallydonebyroteandthechangetowestern,interactivestylesofinstructioncanbealargeleap.Ontheotherhand,itrequiresenormousfirmnessforwesternerst

13、olearnalanguagelikeChinese,withitsthousandsofwrittencharacters.AccordingtotheAsiaSocietyinNewYork,allofAmericasteacher-traininginstitutionsturnoutonlyacoupleofdozenhomegrownMandarinteachers.OnewaytoeasetheshortageistofindnativeMandarinspeakersandusefast-trackmethodstotrainthem.However,themajorityofC

14、hinese-AmericansgrewupspeakingCantonese,thedialectspokeninHongKong,wheretheirparentscamefrom.ManyarethemselvessigningonasMandarinstudentsattheprivatelanguageschoolsspringinguponthewestcoast.1.WhyareUSparentssoeagertomaketheirchildrenlearnMandarin?A.Theyareurgedbythegovernmenttodoso.B.Theyareafraidto

15、beleftbehindbyotherparents.C.TheybelieveChinawillplayamajorroleinthefutureworld.D.TheyarejustcarriedawaybyMandarinsmomentum.2.Theunderlinedword“rote”inthe4thparagraphprobablyreferstoateachingpatternwhich.A.focusesonmemoryworkB.allowsthestudentstothinkindependentlyC.iscenteredoninteractiveskillsD.put

16、smuchemphasisonexaminations3.WhatisthemainproblemintheMandarinsmomentumintheUS?A.Thelackofqualifiedteachers.B.Theculturalbarrierbetweentheeastandwest.C.TheAmericanslackoffirmness.D.ThemanywrittenChinesecharacters.（C）TheNewYorker1Year,46IssuesCoverPrice:$194.70YourPrice:$46.00AboutTheNewYorker:TheNew

17、Yorkeristheeclecticmagazineforreadersinterestedinthearts,currentevents,andculture.TheNewYorkerincludesarticlesondomesticandinternationalnews,exploringcurrentideasandtrends,plussports,fashion,andentertainmentevents.Inaddition,TheNewYorkeriswellknownforpublishingoutstandingshortfictionandcartoonswitha

18、nironictwist.Playboy1Year,12IssuesCoverPrice:$72.88YourPrice:$15.96AboutPlayboy:Playboyisamagazineofliterature,politicalthought,sports,commentaryandhumor.AlthoughPlayboyis2mostwellknownforitspictorialsofbeautifulwomen,itisalsohighlyregardedforitsinterviewsandfictionwriting.Playboyincludesregularfeat

19、urearticlesonfinance,sports,entertainment,self-improvement,technology,andpsychology.Youmustbe18oroldertoorderPlayboy.Nickelodeon1Year,10IssuesCoverPrice:$39.90YourPrice:$19.97AboutNickelodeon:Nickelodeonisfilledwithwonderfulentertainmentforchildren.Itiswholesome,imaginative,andtrulyfromachildspointo

20、fview.Nickelodeonseestheworldfromyourchildsperspective,whereitsfuntolaughtothinktodotolearn.Sharetheaward-winningentertainmentandhumormagazinefromNickelodeonwithyourkids.Lucky1Year,12IssuesCoverPrice:$35.40YourPrice:$15.00AboutLucky:Luckyistheultimateshoppingmagazinewiththebestlooks,thebestbuys,andt

21、hebesttrendsbeforetheyhitthestores.Butwhatmakesreallyuniqueisallthedetailedinformationyoullgetonhowtopurchasethemerchandiseyoullfind.Luckyprovidesyouwith800numbers,websiteaddresses,andmoretomakeyourshoppingexperienceeasyandconvenient!Luckyisyourone-stopshoppingguidetoallthegreatestnewproductsonthema

22、rket.Whatsmore,itprovideswonderfulentertainmentforwomen.1.Whichmagazinegivesbuyersthelargestpriceadvantageinpercentage?A.TheNewYorkerB.PlayboyC.NickelodeonD.Lucky2.Ifyouareahousewife,whichmagazinewillyouprobablybuy?A.TheNewYorkerB.PlayboyC.NickelodeonD.Lucky3.Ifyouareaskedtochooseamagazineforalittle

23、boy,whichonedoyouthinkissuitable?A.TheNewYorkerB.PlayboyC.NickelodeonD.Lucky4.Whatinformationiscontainedinallthefourmagazines?A.SportsB.NewsC.EntertainmentD.Trends5.Foreachissue,whichmagazineisthecheapestaccordingtotheadvertisement?A.TheNewYorkerB.PlayboyC.NickelodeonD.Lucky（D）Happinesspaysoff,studi

24、esshow.Psychologistsseekingtherealsecretsofhappinessreportthatveryhappypeopletendtobemoreextrovertedandagreeablethanlesshappypeople.“Ourfindingssuggestthatveryhappypeoplehaverichandsatisfyingsocialrelationshipsandspendlittletimealonerelativetoaveragepeople,”writepsychologistsEdDienerandMartinE.P.Sel

25、igmaninthejournalPsychologicalScience.Solidsocialrelationshipsdonotpromisehappiness,buttheyareanimportantcontributingfactor.Theveryhappypeoplewhomtheauthorsstudiedallsaidtheyhadgoodqualitysocialrelationships.However,theauthorswrite,thereisnosinglekeytohighhappiness.“Highhappinessseemstobelikebeautif

26、ulsymphonic（交响乐）musicincludingmanyinstruments,withoutanyonebeingenoughforthebeautifulquality.”Dienerregardshappinessas“subjective(主观的)well-being”inotherwords,thepersonevaluates（评估）hisorherownqualityoflife.Thequestiontoaskis,“Ismylifegoingwell，accordingtothestandardsI3choosetouse?”Iftheansweris“yes”,

27、thenthatpersonisjudgedtobehappy.Becausepeopleevaluatetheirlivesbasedonhappiness，“subjectivewell-beingisveryimportant.Thoughnecessary,itisnotenoughforhavingagoodlife.Subjectivewell-being“seemsquitenecessaryforthegoodsociety,althoughitisnotenoughforthatsocietybecausethereareotherthingswealsovalueandwo

28、uldwantinsuchaplace,”saysDiener.Cansubjectivewell-beingbemeasuredscientifically?Dienerpointsoutthreepartscontributingtohappiness:pleasantemotionsandmoods,lackofnegativeemotionsandmoods,andsatisfactionjudgment,towhichotherfactorsincludingcheerfulnessandfeelingsoffulfillmentmaybeadded.Thereisnomagicfo

29、rmula（公式）forhappiness.Dienersuggestsstepsyoucantaketoensureyouareashappyasyoucanbe.Surroundingyourselfwithgoodfriendsandfamilypeoplewhocareaboutyouandwhomyoucareaboutisastart.Joininginactivitiesyouenjoyandvalueisalsoimportant;whetheritsworkorplay,keepingbusyinanenvironmentenjoyabletoyouwillcontribut

30、emuchtoyoursubjectivewell-being.Inaddition,ahealthyoutlookisnecessary.1.Theunderlinedword“extroverted”probablymeans_.A.pleasantandsocialB.hard-workingandactiveC.carefulandshyD.warm-heartedandhelpful2.Happinessandsymphonicmusicarecommoninthat_.A.theyarebothsomethingbeautifulB.theybothmakepeoplefeelpl

31、easedC.theybothdependonmorethanonefactorD.theyarebothhardtoachieve3.AccordingtoDiener,apersoncanbejudgedtobehappywhenhe_.A.hasrichsocialrelationshipsB.spendsmoretimewithotherpeopleC.livesaqualitylifeD.thinkshislifeisgoingwellaccordingtothestandardshechoosestouse4.Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtocomponentscontributingtohappiness?A.Pleasantmoods.B.Negativ