高一英语同步精品课件：Module 2 No Drugs- Grammar （外研版必修2）（ 2013高考）

1、1follow v.1)在之后；跟随；跟着The lightning was quickly followed by/with heavy thunder.闪电过后紧接着是响雷。2)按照；听从；采用follow the instructions 按指示办事follow sb.s advice 听从某人的劝告3)沿(路而行)Follow the road signs while driving.开车时要沿着路标。4)遵循；仿效；仿照Students under 16 are always following the fashion.16岁以下的学生真是爱追求时尚。注意：1)following可看

2、作follow的现在分词，表主动“跟着；继之后；过去分词followed那么表被动关系，“被跟随。2)following也可以看作介词，意思是“以后；作形容词，意思是“第二天的；作名词，意思是“以下。We went upstairs, following the old man.(现在分词)我们跟着老人上了楼。We went upstairs, followed by the old man.(过去分词)我们上了楼，后面跟着老人。高考直击(2021湖南29) If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job.A. followedB. should

3、 follow C. had followed D. would follow解析：考查虚拟语气。根据“wouldnt have lost可判断if引导的状语从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟，应选C项。答案：C即学即用I send you 100 dollars today, the rest_in a year.Afollows BfollowedCto follow Dbeing followed答案：C2likelyIts likely that.sb. be likely to do. “做某事是可能的not likely “(表示坚决不同意)绝不可能，绝对不会词语辨析：likely/pr

4、obable/possible1)likely强调外表上看来有可能，与probable意思接近，有时可以互换，但likely常暗示从外表迹象来判断。常用句型：sth./sb. be likely to doIt is likely that.2)probable表示有几分根据的推测，比possible表示的可能性大。换句话说，probable的“有可能，是指有实际的依据或逻辑上符合情理。常用句型：It is probable that.3)possible表示客观上潜在的可能性，也许实际发生的可能性并不大。常用句型：It is possible that.sth. is possibleas

5、quickly/much/soon.as possible高考直击(2021浙江13)Would she mind playing against her former teammates? She is willing to play against any tough players.AI think so. B.Im not surprised.C.Of course. D.Not likely!解析：此题考查交际用语。根据语境：“她会介意与她之前的队友们对垒吗？“她喜欢与任何强劲的选手比赛。分析四个选项：I think so.我想是这样的；Im not surprised.一点也不奇怪

6、；Of course.当然；Not likely！(大概)不会。此处表示不介意，所以选择D。答案：D即学即用I advise you to learn a second language.Me? _！ Im too slow.ANot likely BNo problemCAs possible DSurely答案：A3describe vt. 描述；描绘；作图；画；(与as连用)把说成是It is easy to describe a circle if you have a pair of compasses.如果有圆规，画一个圆很容易。Words cannot describe the

7、beauty of the scene.语言难以描述出这景色的幽美。He described himself as a doctor.他自称是医生。知识拓展description n. 表达；描写；说明give a description of 描述He gave a description of what he had seen.他描述了他所见到的一切。即学即用The scenery was beautiful beyond_.Ademonstration BinstructionCdescription Ddesignation答案：C4ban vt. (官方，政府)明令禁止做；常用于ba

8、n doing.或ban sb.(from doing sth.)As a Jew, he was banned from(attending)the meeting.作为一个犹太人，他被禁止出席这次会议。The Government has banned the use of chemical weapons.政府已禁止使用化学武器。知识拓展forbid vt. 禁止；不准；不许；常用于forbid sb. to do.“不许某人做某事和forbid doing.“禁止做某事。Her father forbade her to talk to boys.她父亲禁止她与男孩子说话。We for

9、bid smoking in the schoolyard.我们禁止在校园里抽烟。即学即用Swimming in this river is b_(禁止)答案：banned5transport n.1)运送；运输；流放road and rail transport 公路及铁路运输the transport of goods by air 空运货物2)运输工具I normally travel by public transport.我出门通常乘坐公共交通工具。知识拓展transport v. 运送；运输；流放transportation n. 运输，运送；运输工具即学即用货物是用火车运来的。_

10、答案：The goods were transported by train.6affect v.1)影响I hope my plan will not affect your decision.希望我的方案不会影响你的决定。2)(疾病)侵袭(某人/某物)；感染His left lung was affected by cancer.他的左肺受到了癌症的感染。3)感动；使某人悲伤或同情I was deeply affected by what had happened to him.对他的遭遇我深感同情。知识拓展1)be greatly/deeply affected 很/深受感动be aff

11、ected by heat/cold 中暑/着凉be affected with high fever 发高烧2)辨析：affect, influence(1)affect的宾语是物时，它包含足以引起反响的刺激，有时包含一定的改变；当affect的宾语是人时，它表示在心智上或感情上的影响，即感动。(2)influence 表示“影响；感染的意思时，是指使思想、行为、性质或开展和成长等发生变化的影响。它可以指坏的影响，也可以指好的影响，这种影响常常是潜移默化的。The slight change of weather can affect her delicate health.天气稍有变化就会

12、影响她那虚弱的身体。He was in no way affected by their misery.他们的惨状一点也没打动他的心。No one can avoid being influenced by advertisements.谁也不能防止受到广告的影响。即学即用Much _ by the story of Cong Fei, I am also determined to be a volunteer worker.Aaffected BaffectingCadmired Deffected答案：A1be afraid of. 害怕；担忧；后可跟名词或动名词。知识拓展be afra

13、id后跟动词不定式，含有“怕或“不敢的意思，还可跟that从句，其含义是“恐怕。I wasnt afraid of the car but I was afraid of the driver.我不是怕那辆车，而是怕那个开车的人。He is afraid to go there.他不敢到那里去。Im afraid I dont understand.抱歉，我不明白你的意思。He was afraid that he would lose.他担忧会输。高考直击(2021福建)Would you like to join us in the game?_， for I have something

14、 important to attend to.AI will BId love toCI wont DIm afraid not解析：此题考查了情景会话。由第二句话可知此处表示拒绝，而C项语气太生硬，不礼貌。答案：D即学即用He was afraid_the tree and he was afraid_from the tree.Ato climb; of fallingBof climbing; to fallCto climb; to fallDof climbing; of falling答案：A2refer to1)论及His name was referred to in the

15、 meeting.他的名字在会议中被提及。2)参考；参照He cooked dinner by referring to a cookbook.他的晚餐是参考一本食谱做的。3)和有关；涉及What do these numbers refer to?这些数字表示什么意思？知识拓展1)refer to sth. as sth. 将称为California is referred to as the“Golden State加利福尼亚被称作“黄金之州。2)refer sb. to. 叫去He referred the student to the counselor.他叫那名学生去找辅导员。3)r

16、efer.to. 提交；交付The problem was referred to the committee.该问题已交付委员会处理。高考直击(2007上海)_he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.AThatBWhatCWhetherDWhere解析：what引导主语从句，在从句中做refer to的宾语。答案：B即学即用The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without_his notes.Abringing u

17、p Breferring toClooking for Dtrying on答案：B3be againstbe against作“反对 解，虽是介词却有动词意味，相当于object to “反对，不赞成，其中to为介词，后接名词、代词、动名词。Those who are against the plan may put up your hands.反对这项方案的人请举起手来。All the workers on strike voted against going back to work.所有进行罢工的工人都投票反对复工。注意：1)与某些动词连用，其含义并非都译作“反对。Wed fight/

18、struggle against our bad fate.我们应当与我们不幸的命运抗争。Everyone should fight against pollution to protect our surroundings against(from)being polluted.每个人都应当与污染作斗争，以保护我们的环境不受污染。2)表示位置关系“靠着；顶着；迎着；对着。Please lean the ladder against the wall. That will be a bit safer.请将梯子倚在墙上，这样更平安一点。The picture looks good agains

19、t that light wall.衬着那色彩明快的墙壁，这幅画看上去很漂亮。Its hard to boat against the wind.逆风行船是很艰难的。知识拓展be against“反对的反义词组是be for“支持、赞同。You are against the idea while I am for it.你反对这个主意，但我却很支持它。高考直击(2007福建)Although_my opinion, the old professor didnt come up with his own.Aagainst BonCfor Din解析：be against sth.“反对。答案

20、：A即学即用(2021福州八中)Most people were_the plan. So we had to give it up.AafterBforConDagainst答案：D4as wellas well也；还有；不妨；是副词性短语，在句中作状语。使用时应注意：1)表示“也；常置于句末，前面不用逗号与其他局部隔开。He speaks English as well.他也说英语。2)as well和and连用，放在句末。表示“也“既又的意思。He is professor, and a writer as well.他是教授，也是作家。3)as well表示“也好；“不妨的意思时，要放

21、在主要动词之前，前面常用may, just等。You may as well go.你去也好。即学即用Dr. White has got plenty of information about UFO. Hes promised to offer it to me.I have as much. Would you like to have mine_？Aas well Bas possibleCso far Dif so答案：AI think it would be good if they banned smoking in restaurants and cafes as well.我认

22、为如果他们也在饭馆、咖啡厅禁烟就好了。“it would be good if they banned smoking in restaurants and cafes as well是虚拟语气结构。知识拓展虚拟语气表示所说的话不是一个事实，而是一个与事实相反的假设，或表示不可能实现的愿望或空想。虚拟语气常通过谓语动词的一定变化来表达。在虚拟条件句中的谓语动词变化如下：表示的时间条件从句中的谓语动词形式主句中的谓语动词形式与现在事实相反动词过去式(be动词用were)1.should动词原形2would动词原形3might/could动词原形与过去事实相反had过去分词should/would

23、/could/might have过去分词与将来事实相反1.动词过去式(be动词用were)通常要与一个表示将来的时间状语连用2should动词原形3were to动词原形1.should动词原形2would动词原形3might/could动词原形If I were you, I should take it.如果我是你，我就买下它。(与现在事实相反)If you had got up earlier, you could have caught the train.如果你早一点起床，就会赶上火车了。(与过去事实相反)If it were fine tomorrow, I would go s

24、hopping.如果明天天气好，我就去买东西。(与将来事实相反)高考直击(2021天津15) John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him.A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：约翰单独去了医院。如果他告诉我的话，我会跟他一起去的。前一句是陈述语气，说明动作发生在过去，而且后一句的主句已经是would have gone说明是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。与之对应的从句结构，应该用had 过去分词。答案：D 即

25、学即用(2021安徽)But for their help，we_the program in time.Acan not finish Bwill not finishChad not finished Dcould not have finished答案：D1动词不定式作目的状语用法例句动词不定式作状语，主要用来修饰动词，表示目的，不定式一般放在被修饰词之后。为了强调目的，有时可以把不定式放在句首或在不定式前面加in order或so as。不定式的否定形式为“not to动词原形”。He broke into the house to steal something.他破门而入试图盗窃。

26、He uses a computer to send emails.他用电脑发送电子邮件。He got up early in order to catch the first bus.他早起以便赶上第一班公共汽车。He worked hard so as not to fail the exam.他努力学习，以免考试不及格。用法例句in order to可用in order that替换，so as to可用so that替换，但that后接句子，句子需用情态动词。He got up early in order to catch the first bus.He got up early

27、in order that he might catch the first bus.为了赶上第一班公交车，他起得很早。I study hard so as not to fail in the examinations.I study hard so that I may not fail in the examinations.我用功学习，免得考试不及格。不定式作目的状语时，通常它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语；若不是，则需用for引出它的逻辑主语。 Mom opened the door for Jane and Betty to come in. 母亲把门打开，让简和贝蒂进来。2.结果状语从

28、句在句子中作结果状语的从句称为结果状语从句。结果状语从句一般置于句尾。通常由that, so, so that, so.that.，such.that.引导。本模块主要学习so.that.和such.that.引导的结果状语从句。用法例句little若意为“少”，则用so修饰；若意为“小”，则用such修饰。George had so little money that he had to get a job.乔治没有钱，所以他不得不找工作干。They are such little children that they cant do anything.他们是小孩，什么事情都干不了。为了强调

29、形容词或副词，可以把so置于句首，主句用部分倒装语序。So loudly did he speak that everyone heard him clearly.他如此大声地讲话，结果每个人都听得清楚。So excited was he that he couldnt fall asleep.他太激动 了以至于不能入睡。高考直击(1)(2021辽宁)_， you need to give all you have and try your best.ABeing a winner BTo be a winner CBe a winner DHaving been a winner答案：B解析

30、：题意：要想成为胜者，你需要付出全部，并尽最大努力。不定式短语to be a winner位于句首，作目的状语。现在分词一般不作目的状语；C项动词原形位于句首，除构成祈使句外，其他不可用；D项是现在分词的完成式，表示动作发生的在谓语动词之前。(2)(2021江苏)Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as shortterm teachers, almost three times the number hired last year，_ reduce unemployment pressures.Ahelp Bto have