非谓语动词（共21张PPT）

1、语法互动(九)非谓语动词中考考点1. 动词不定式的用法。2. 动名词的用法。3. 现在分词或过去分词的用法。语法互动(九)非谓语动词不定式有两种，即带to的不定式(to动词原形)和不带to的不定式。注意：它没有人称和数的变化。 1作主语常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末。常用句型结构为“Itsadj./n.(for/of sb.)to do sth.”。 To ask the teacher for help is necessary. It is necessary to ask the teacher for help.向老师寻求帮助是必要的。考点一 动词不定式语法互

2、动(九)非谓语动词2作宾语(1)后接不定式作宾语的动词有 want, try, decide, hope, need, wish, agree, expect, refuse, learn, remember, forget, would like/love等。I hope _ there before dark. 我希望天黑以前到那儿。(2)在think, find, make等动词后通常用it作形式宾语，而将不定式移至形容词之后，构成“主语谓语it(形式宾语)宾补(形容词/名词)不定式”结构。I found it difficult to solve the problem. 我发现解决这

3、个问题很难。to get语法互动(九)非谓语动词 3作宾语补足语(1)后面能接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有 tell, ask, allow, want, help, wish, teach, warn, invite, would like, encourage等。The teacher told us _ Exercise 1.老师告诉我们做练习一。(2)使役动词let, make, have和感官动词see，hear, watch, notice, feel等后要用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。但是，当上述动词变为被动语态时，其后的不定式必须补上to。We often hear her s

4、ing. 我们经常听见她唱歌。被动语态： She is often heard to sing.to do语法互动(九)非谓语动词 4作状语常见的状语有目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。Mr. Lee will go to Hangzhou to visit the West Lake. 李先生将会去杭州参观西湖。(作目的状语) 5作定语动词不定式作定语时，放在被修饰的名词的后面，作后置定语。I dont have a partner to practice English with.我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。语法互动(九)非谓语动词 6作表语Their duty is _the anima

5、ls. 他们的职责是照看动物。7. “疑问词不定式”结构动词不定式可以和what, which, when, where, how等疑问词连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。He doesnt know _. 他不知道要穿什么。(作宾语)提醒 动词不定式的否定结构为“not to do sth.”。to look after/take care ofwhat to wear语法互动(九)非谓语动词巧记 接不定式作宾语的动词：三个希望两答应，两个要求莫拒绝；设法学会做决定，不要假装在选择。妙语诠释 三个希望两答应：hope, wish, want, agree, pro

6、mise两个要求莫拒绝：demand, ask, refuse设法学会做决定：manage, learn, decide不要假装在选择：pretend, choose语法互动(九)非谓语动词动名词由“动词原形ing”构成，其与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质，也有名词的性质。1作主语Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。动名词作主语和动词不定式作主语，在很多情况下可以通用。2作宾语 常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有 enjoy, finish, consider(考虑), miss, keep,

7、 mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, cant help, avoid, be used to, be worth, be afraid of, be proud of, be interested in, cant stop, keep/stopfrom, look forward to, put off, have fun等。考点二 动名词语法互动(九)非谓语动词Have you finished _ the book?你读完这本书了吗？3作表语The nurses job is _the patients.护士的工作

8、是照顾病人。4作定语I often go to the _ 我经常去阅览室。 looking after/taking care of reading roomreading语法互动(九)非谓语动词提醒 有些词后既可接不定式又可接v.-ing形式作宾语，但表达的意义不同。常见短语：(1)stop to do sth.停下来去做另外一件事(不定式作目的状语)stop doing sth.停止做某事(v.ing作宾语)(2)try to do sth. 试图(企图)做某事；尽力做某事 try doing sth.尝试着做某事(3)forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事(还没做)forge

9、t doing sth.忘记做过了某事(已做)(4)remember to do sth.记着要去做某事(还没做)remember doing sth.记得做过了某事(已做)语法互动(九)非谓语动词(5)go on to do sth.做完一件事后继续做另外一件不同的事go on doing sth.继续做原来所做的事(6)sth. need doing(某事)需要做(被动含义)need to do sth. 需要去做某事(主动含义)语法互动(九)非谓语动词 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词(v.ing)有主动、进行之意；过去分词(v.ed)有被动、完成之意。1作定语China is

10、a _ country. America is a _ country.中国是一个发展中国家，美国是一个发达国家。I know the boy called Li Ming. 我认识那个叫李明的男孩。2作表语The book is interesting. Im interested in it. 这本书很有趣，我对它感兴趣。考点三 分词developingdeveloped语法互动(九)非谓语动词3作宾语补足语I saw her going upstairs.我看见她正在上楼。I want to have some photos taken. 我想拍几张照片。4作状语Laughing and

11、 talking, they went into the room.他们有说有笑地走进了房间。语法互动(九)非谓语动词5现在分词与过去分词的区别(1)在语态上，现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。the surprising news 令人惊讶的新闻a surprised look 惊讶的神色(2)在时间上，现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已经完成的动作。 the developing country 发展中国家the developed country 发达国家语法互动(九)非谓语动词6易混结构 使役动词(make, keep, let, have等)易混结构的区分。如have sb

12、. doing sth. 与have sth. done 的区别：(1)have sb. doing sth. 意为“让某人一直做某事”， doing这个动作具有持续性。The teacher had the boys standing all day. 老师让男生们罚站了一整天。(2)have sth. done 意为“让某人做某事”，相当于ask sb. to do sth., done 表示让他人完成，有被动之意。I had my computer repaired yesterday. 昨天我让人修理了我的电脑。语法互动(九)非谓语动词用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空语法互动(九)非谓语

13、动词1 The kids had fun_in the water. 2Why not_an English club to practice English?3We decided_the Great Wall this summer holiday. 4To reduce air pollution, wed better ride more often instead of_. 5She didnt know which sweater_. visitswimjoinchoosedriveswimmingjointo visitdrivingto choose语法互动(九)非谓语动词.单

14、项选择1Its nice of you_me. Ahelp Bto helpChelpingDhelps2I saw some boys_football when I passed the playground. Aplayed Bplays Cplaying Dto playBC解析 see sb. doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”。语法互动(九)非谓语动词3Many foreigners come to China _Chinese. Astudy Bto study Cstudying Dstudied4My mother asks me_ on the street,

15、because its too dangerous. Aplay Bto play Cnot to play Dto not play5Which dress do you like best, Madam? Sorry, I cant decide_ now. Ato buy which one Bbuy which one Cwhich one to buy Dwhich I should buy itBCC语法互动(九)非谓语动词6The workers are made_over eight hours a day. Awork Bto work Cworking Dworked7The local government plans to let tourists _ the newly-developed island. Avisit Bvisits Cvisiting Dvisited8It took Jane three hours _ reading this interesting story