2022年中国人民大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）

1、 2022年中国人民大学自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】【阅读选择】The system has several advantages. Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which tends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth. Instead, they can stay inside, watching by remote control. If there is no problem, they stay away from

2、the sheep. But when they are needed they can quickly go out to help, or to scare away foxes. The experiment is popular with shepherds because it means that they do not have to spend all their time outdoors waiting for the lambs to arrive in freezing weather.From the passage, we learn that walking am

3、ong the sheep _. A、is more popular with shepherds than watching TV inside B、can help the mother sheep to give birth to more lambs C、is the best way to protect the sheep D、usually disturbs the mother sheep that will give birth【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段第二句话Shepherds do not have to walk among the sheep, which t

4、ends to disturb the mother sheep that are about to give birth.可知D项正确。第2题【单选题】He said that the group _ him a letter and asked him to go there for an interview. A、have written B、had written C、wrote D、would write【正确答案】B【答案解析】“写信给他”应该发生在他说话之前，也就是过去的过去，用过去完成时。第3题【单选题】【2009.01】He insured his car_he had an

5、 accident. A、unless B、if C、since D、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一遇到交通事故。A否则，要不然；B 如果；C 自从，由于；D 以防万一，以免。 第4题【单选题】【阅读选择】But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your e

6、yes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the bodys clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.Which of the following

7、 statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs? A、Our biological clock resets itself automatically. B、Light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock. C、Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically. D、Our internal clock, like the alarm cl

8、ock, can be reset.【正确答案】C【答案解析】是非判断题，根据第五自然段首句But just like（和一样） your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.代词 it指代biological clock，不是选项internal clock和alarm clock都可以自动调节。得到答案为C。A D 我们的生物钟自动调

9、节。B 光线通过我们的眼睛调节生物钟，与原文一致。第5题【单选题】【2010.04】Experts have found that normal sleep can be divided into five _ stages. A、moderate B、initial C、distinct D、advanced【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】专家们已经发现正常的睡眠可以分为五个不同的阶段。【试题分析】本题考查词汇。【详细解答】形容词的词义选取。第6题【单选题】【完成句子】The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and ca

10、n travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.One form of lightning that _ is ball lightning. A、occurs most infrequent

11、ly B、is shifted sideways by strong winds C、is often hidden from our view D、is estimated at 20 millions a year【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段文字与题目相关的句子是：Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball，关键词是rarest（rare的最高级形式）与infrequently“很少发生，少有”表达相同的意思。第7题【单选题】【阅读选择

12、】The children dont just plan any city. They map and analyze（分析） the housing, energy, and transportation requirements of their own district and foretell its needs in 100 years. With the aid of an architect（建筑师）who visits the classroom once a week, they invent new ways to meet these needs and build mo

13、dels of their creations.“Designing buildings of the future gives children a lot of freedom,” says the teacher who developed this program. “They are able to use their own rich imagination and inventions without fear of blame，because there are no wrong answers in a future context. In fact, as the clas

14、s enters the final model-building stage of the program, an elected official and planning group make all the design decisions for the model city, and the teacher steps back and becomes an adviser.”An architect pays a weekly visit to the classroom _. A、to find out kids creative ideas B、to discuss with

15、 the teacher C、to give children lectures D、to help kids with their program【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据本段中的 With the aid of an architect who visits the classroom once a week，they invent new ways to meet these needs and build models of their creations可知答案为D。句中的 aid 意为“帮助”，与 help 同义。第8题【单选题】【2007.04】The volleyball

16、match was televised _ on CCTV. A、alive B、life C、live D、lively【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查live的形似词辨析。live可以作副词，意思是：实况转播地。符合句意。 第9题【单选题】【填句补文】 Although the researchers have only just made the technical details of the microscope public, it is already on sale. It is currently the size of a refrigerator and takes s

17、everal minutes to scan a circuit, but Xiao and Schrag are working _. A、to take tiny chips we require B、to making chips any smaller C、to shrink it to the size of a desktop computer and cut the scanning time to 30 seconds D、of conducting electricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰箱大小的体积和所需数

18、分钟的时间形成了对比。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大，而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大，把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第10题【单选题】【填句补文】The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course in every school, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. _. That is at least as important as how much we know. A、Much of wh

19、at has been said about strangers also applies to relationships with family members and friends. B、He keeps looking over the other persons shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room. C、Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided

20、attention for four minutes. D、In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people.【正确答案】D【答案解析】后句中的代词we在D中才有呼应的代词，而且在文章最后出现观点句是通常论述文的发展特点，因此判断D正确。第11题【单选题】_ he has enough money to buy the house, it doesnt mean hes going to do so. A、Grant B、Granted that C、Having Grant

21、ed that D、Grant that【正确答案】B【答案解析】Granted that：尽管，即使。第12题【单选题】【概括大意】Heavy metals are persistent; they do not break down to other chemicals in the environment. Industrially polluted sites usually undergo intensive clean-up and rehabilitation because heavy metals are a health concern once they enter th

22、e food chain. Some trace metals are alleged to cause cancer and are also known to cause poisoning. The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、The Nature of Heavy Metals B、Potential Hazards of Human Contaminated Soils C、Heavy Metals and Food Chain D、Research on Channels of Heavy Metals Getting into Human

23、 Food Chain【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段文字讲的是：受到工业污染的土壤含有重金属，而重金属很稳定不容易降解，其中的某些微量重金属能使人致癌或中毒。可以看出其中心内容是：受污染土地的潜在危险，选择B。第13题【单选题】【填句补文】Many beginning interviewers are afraid that they are forcing the other person to answer questions and have no right to inquire about his personal secrets. _. Unless the person real

24、ly hates being interviewed, he is delighted that somebody wants to interview him. A、This fear is almost 100 percent unnecessary. B、This doesnt necessarily mean that it will go well. C、Most men and women lead lives that are uninteresting. D、Both of you need time to get to know each other.【正确答案】A【答案解析

25、】抓住关键词进行同义替换，也就是afraid，选项中this fear就是对这种担心的补充，这种担心是完全没有必要的，除非被采访者确实是讨厌别人问自己。第14题【单选题】【2009.10】_ he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely. A、As B、When C、While D、Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查状语从句的从属连词。【译文】 尽管（虽然）他有许多朋友，但他常常感到孤独。第15题【单选题】【2010.04】We should _ this in mind: Dont judge a person by his app

26、earance. A、bear B、put C、place D、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查词汇题。【译文】 我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind 或者keep in mind第16题【单选题】【阅读选择】Tom, a near-sighted young man, went on a blind date with a girl. The two were satisfied with each other. And they exchanged their telephone numbers. What can we learn ab

27、out Tom? A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first. B、It was the first time that Tom had dated a girl. C、Tom was blind. D、Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从The two were satisfied with each other可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判

28、断这是汤姆第几次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted，远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提及。第17题【单选题】【2009.10】_ he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely. A、As B、When C、While D、Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】【译文】 尽管（虽然）他有许多朋友，但他常常感到孤独。【试题分析】本题考查状语从句的从属连词的选取。第18题【单选题】_ for your laziness，you could have finished the

29、 assignment by now A、Had it not been B、It were not C、Werent it D、Had not it been【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：要不是你懒惰，到现在你就能完成任务了。本题是一个省略if的虚拟条件句，主句用could have done表示与过去事实相反，条件从句应用had done形式，had要提前构成倒装。第19题【单选题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decade

30、s, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some s

31、erious diseases is connected with deficiency of _. A、industrially polluted soils B、the element of iodine C、rock and soil chemistry D、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases，可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases. deficiency of和la

32、ck of表达同样的意思“缺乏、缺少”，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第20题【单选题】There is a deadlock(僵局) in the discussion when neither side gives _ to the other. A、a way B、way C、the way D、its way【正确答案】B【答案解析】译文：由于双方都不让步，讨论陷人了僵局。本题考查短语搭配，give way to意思为“让路、让步”。第21题【单选题】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A

33、、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查动词词义辨析。【译文】她花了几秒钟时间使眼睛适应黑暗。【详细解答】A 分配，拨出 B 收养，过继 C 应用，申请 D 调整，使适合第22题【单选题】【2009.04】The conclusion from the study is not definite; it is just _. A、tentative B、valid C、technical D、thorough【正确答案】A【答案解析】译文：这项研究的结论不是一定的；它只是试探性的。试题分析：形容词词义选择题。详细解答：A 不确定的、

34、试探性的；B 正当的、有根据的、有效的；C 技术性的、专门技术的；D 彻底的、十足的。第23题【单选题】【2008.10】Never before _ so rapidly developing as it is today. A、has our country been B、has been our country C、our country has been D、our country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速发展。【详细解答】否定词never在句首，该句子应采用部分倒装。第24题【单选题】【阅读判断】Norwich, th

35、e capital of the part of Britain known as East Anglia, has been in existence for more than two thousand years. It began as a small village beside the River Wensum.Q: The River Wensum flows by Norwich. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。答题依据在第二句，Norwich是River Wensum旁边的一个小村庄，就说明了River Wensum流

36、经 Norwich。第25题【单选题】【阅读选择】In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world. It was called “Incidents of Travel in Central America，Chiapas and Yucatan”. The author John Loud Stephens had just returned from a long, difficult and dangerous journey through the thick rain forest of southern Mexico

37、 and Guatemala. He had once been there with Frederick Catherwood, an architect and artist, to search for the remains of a lost civilization known as the Mayas(玛雅). Very little was known about the Mayas at that time, but Catherwoods drawing in the book showed incredible cities with temples，pyramids a

38、nd other buildings as impressive as those of their northern neighbors, the Aztecs. These cities, however, were deserted. The inhabitants(居民) had disappeared almost a thousand years before.Stephens book astonished the world because _. A、it was the first time people heard about Mayas. B、the Mayas were

39、 excellent builders and farmers. C、he had experienced so many difficulties to find this lost civilization. D、it described that the Mayas used to be an advanced civilization.【正确答案】D【答案解析】根据问题中的关键词astonished，把本问题定位在第一句In 1841, a book was published which astonished the world.对下面的几个重要事实的归纳概括就得出正确答案：D。第2

40、6题【单选题】【2009.7】The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well _. A、nourished B、stuffed C、tamed D、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】本题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他们就会很快痊愈。A 营养，滋养；B 填满，塞满； C 驯服（猛兽）；D 冒险第27题【单选题】【阅读选择】Marian, the girl who wrote the original story about Roxaboxen that the childrens book

41、is based on, was mayor. Other kids ran the stores which sold imaginary ice cream and baked goods. Kids drove imaginary cars outside of town, and the speeders went to jail, which was guarded by the sheriff, another kid. Elsewhere, boys and girls had battles, charging each others bases using spears ma

42、de with ocotillo, a desert plant. Who is Marian? A、She is the author. B、She sold ice cream in Roxaboxen. C、She is the mayor of Roxaboxen in the book. D、She guards the jail in the book.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。事实细节题。根据关键词锁定短文本段。本段第一句话给出了正确答案，Marian是最先写这个故事的人，但是并不是这本书的作者。而且是这本书中那个小镇的镇长。第28题【单选题】【2009.10】_ he

43、 has many friends, he is often feeling lonely. A、As B、When C、While D、Since【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查状语从句的从属连词。【译文】 尽管（虽然）他有许多朋友，但他常常感到孤独。第29题【单选题】【阅读选择】Rhythm in literature is a more or less regular occurrence of certain elements of writing: a word, a phrase, an idea, a sound, or a grammatical construction.

44、We are also accustomed to this recurrence in the alternate heavy and light beats in music. Our love for rhythm seems to be innate: witness the responses of a small child to lively music. Children love to beat on toy drums or empty boxes. They stamp their feet and chant nursery rhymes or nonsense syl

45、lables, not unlike primitive dancers. As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm, but our love of rhythm remains. We live in rhythms; in fact we are governed by rhythms.According to the passage, an adults reaction to rhythm in music would probably be _. A、uninhibit

46、ed B、indifferent C、restrained D、responsible【正确答案】C【答案解析】该题的解题依据在本段结尾部分“As children grow older, they are taught to restrain their responses to rhythm”。作者讲：随着孩子的年龄逐渐增大，大人就会教他们抑制对节奏的反应，等他们长大之后，他们对音乐节奏的反应，更可能受到抑制。第30题【单选题】【2007.04】If the operation _ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful.

47、 A、was not B、has not been C、had not been D、were not【正确答案】C【答案解析】本题考查虚拟语气。主句是对过去的虚拟，所以根据句意，条件状语从句也应该是对过去的虚拟，所以用had done的形式。句意：如果手术没有经过认真仔细的准备，它就不会成功。第31题【单选题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics.

48、The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the surveyChina was in the lower haft of the league at 60thQ: The United States of America is among the top 10 countries in the survey. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。问题句说“美国位于前十个国家的行列”

49、。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP (人均国内生产总值) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. 该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2，仅位于卢森堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。”显然问题句的说法与该句的说法不一致，因此判断问题句“错误”。第32题【单选题】【2009.7】The house was quiet in the night, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、as for B、su

50、ch as C、instead of D、except for【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题考查短语意义区分。译文：除了偶尔我咳嗽一下以外，这所房子在夜晚非常安静。A 至于，关于； B 例如；C 代替，而不是；D 除了以外第33题【单选题】【概括大意】Today, we are beginning to think differently. In the last few years, research has thrown doubt on the view that innate intelligence can ever be measured and on the very natur

51、e of intelligence itself. There is considerable evidence now which shows the great influence of environment both on achievement and intelligence. Children with poor home backgrounds not only do less well in their school work and intelligence tests but their performance tends to deteriorate gradually

52、 compared with that of their more fortunate classmates.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、Main Results of Recent Researches B、Popular Doubt about the New View C、Effect of Environment on Intelligence D、Impact on School Education【正确答案】C【答案解析】本段提出了一个新的对智力的认识，与过去一些年的传统的把智力看做是一种不变的能力的这种理解不同，它主张智力和人的成

53、长环境有关。因此选择C。第34题【单选题】【2007.04】The central theatre has a seating _ of more than 3, 000 people. A、capability B、capacity C、ability D、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题考查词义辨析。ability主要指天赋的能力或应用知识的才能，应该是属于那种已经具备并发展较快的能力。如“He has unusual ability in science“。capability与ability不同的是，它不仅能用于人，也可用于物，如：Electronic refinemen

54、ts, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older electrical devicescapacity指容纳或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。如“The hall has a seating capacity of 500”。根据句意，本题应该选capacity。 第35题【单选题】【阅读判断】Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four

55、years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age.Q: Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nobel Prize for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。Fermi在1938年获诺贝尔奖，四年以后才建立核连锁反应的。

56、第36题【单选题】【阅读选择】Calorie restriction dramatically extends the lifespan of organisms as different as worms and rodents. Whether this works in humans is still unknown partly because few people are willing to submit to such a strict diet.According to the passage, we do not know whether humans will benefi

57、t from taking in fewer calories partly because_. A、humans, worms and rodents are different. B、most people are not willing to be put on a strict diet. C、the effect is not known. D、genetic changes in tissues can not be performed on humans.【正确答案】B【答案解析】本题答案可从本段的最后一句话中找出。第37题【单选题】【阅读选择】Many years passed

58、 and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram

59、telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his fathers house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt _. A、sad B、disappointed C、horrible

60、D、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness和regret，可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。故选A。第38题【单选题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is