现在完成时的定义现在完成时的基本句型动词的过去分词-PPT课件

1、第一课时现在完成时的定义现在完成时的基本句型动词的过去分词现在完成时 The Present Perfect Tense定义：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。I have opened the window already. (The window is open now.)表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作或状态。My grandma has lived in Zhangzhou for forty years.Li Ping has learned English for three years, so he can speak English well.We The

2、yYou 复数主语2. 基本句型：主语+助动词 have / has + 动词过去分词doneShe HeIt单数主语 + has done+ have done3. 动词过去式和过去分词的构成规则规则变化： 原形 - 过去式 - 过去分词allow allowed - allowed look looked - lookedaccept - accepted - accepted 直接加ed原形 - 过去式 - 过去分词 refuse - refused - refused use - used - used lived - lived - lived以不发音的e结尾的动词直接加d原形 -

3、过去式 - 过去分词 tidy - tidied - tidiedstudy - studied - studied 以辅音加y结尾的动词，把y改为ied原形 - 过去式 - 过去分词 chat - chatted - chatted stop - stopped - stopped prefer - preferred - preferred 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，双写辅音字母再加ed2.不规则变化： cost cut hit hurt letA A B 型 cost cost cut cut hit hit hurt hurt let let A A A 型 原形 - 过去式 - 过去分

4、词beat原形 - 过去式 - 过去分词beat beatenbecome come run原形 - 过去式 - 过去分词A B A 型 A B B 型 原形 - 过去式 - 过去分词 brought brought bought bought thought thought caught caught taught taughtbring buy think catch teach became become came come ran runwas/were beendid donewent gone began begun drank drunkrang rung sang sung s

5、wam swum A B C 型 原形 - 过去式 - 过去分词bedo/doesgobegin drink ring sing swim句型练习：1. 她已经解答出那道数学题了。She has worked out the math problem.2. 我已经做完作业了。现在我可以看电视了。I have finished doing the homework. Now I can watch TV.3. 我已经告诉她那个好消息了, 她感到很高兴。I have told her the good news, and she feels very happy.肯定句：主语+ have / ha

6、s + done否定句:主语+havent / hasnt + doneShe has worked out the math problem.否定句：She hasnt worked out the math problem.They have had some bread.否定句：They havent had any bread.一般疑问句: Have / Has+主语+ done?肯定回答：Yes, 主语+ have / has.否定回答： No, 主语+ havent / hasnt.We have finished the work.一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：Have you

7、 finished the work?Yes, we have.No, we havent.Tom has come back home.一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：Has Tom come back home?Yes, he has.No, he hasnt. 课堂练习：他们已经到达学校了。肯定句：改为否定句：改为一般疑问句：肯定回答：2. 康康已经读过那本书了。肯定句：改为否定句：改为一般疑问句：否定回答：They have arrived at school. They havent arrived at school. Have they arrived at school? Ye

8、s, they have. Kangkang has read the book. Has Kangkang read the book? Kangkang hasnt read the book. No, he hasnt. 第二课时复习 have / has been to VS have been / has gone to3. yet, already, ever等词的使用Review说出下列动词的过去式及过去分词形式。 be (am / is / are) begin come do drink find take work pay see write hit was / were

9、been began begun came come did done drank drunk found found took taken worked worked paid paid saw seen wrote written hit hit carry chat fly say cost like use watch change leave carried carried chatted chatted flew flown said said cost cost liked liked used used watched watched changed changed left

10、leftReview按要求完成下列句子。我吃过晚饭了。I have had dinner.2. 他知道那个消息了。他感到非常兴奋。He has known the news. He feels very excited.3. 这些天你有看到李老师吗？ 没，他去北京了。Have you seen Mr. Li these days?No, he has gone to Beijing.4. 以前他们曾经去过古巴。They have been to Cuba before.Attention! have / has been to 和 have / has gone to的区别 have / ha

11、s been to 表示“曾经到过某地”，暗示人 已经回来了，而have / has gone to表示“已经去 某地了”，暗示人不在说话地点。He has been to Shanghai.他去过上海。（已经回来）He has gone to Shanghai.他已经去上海了。（还没回来）Exercise:Fill in the blanks with have / has been to or have / has gone toA: Hi, Wang Wei. Nice to see you again.B: Hi, Jack. Nice to see you, too.A: Wang

12、Wei, where _ you _?B: I _ Jiuzhaigou.A: Did you enjoy yourself there?B: Yes, I did. By the way, where is Tom? I didnt see him today.A: Well, he _ Fuzhou.B: How soon will he come back?A: In two days. have been have been to has gone to1. just - 刚刚, 刚才； 一般用于肯定句中她刚刚看过新闻。 She has just watched the news. j

13、ust already yet ever never before 用法 have/has just done2.already- 已经；多用于肯定句中 他们已经看过这部电影了。They have already seen this film. 3. yet - 已经，尚、还；多用于否定句或疑问句句末Have they finished their homework yet?No, they havent finished homework yet.或简单回答成: No, not yet. just already yet ever never before 用法4. ever -曾经； 表示

14、到现在为止的任何时候 ， 多用于疑问句中 你曾经去过北京吗？ Have you ever been to Beijing? 5. never -未曾，从来没有；否定词，用于现在 完成时表示以前从未做过某事 6. before - 以前；指过去某个时间点之前所发 生的事，用于完成时 以前我从未见过你。 I have never seen you before. 他从未读过那本小说。 He has never read that novel. just already yet ever never before 用法Fill in the blanks with : already / yet /

15、 ever / never / just / before-Have you _ visited the Great Wall? -Yes, many times.2)-Hurry up! He has _ waited for us for two hours.3)When you arrive, Tom has _ left.4)I have _ seen such an interesting film _. 5)-Have you watered the plants _? -Yes, I have. ever already just never before yet第三课时sinc

16、e, for的使用短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别现在完成时(三)一、现在完成时表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在的动作或状态，常与for, since (自从） 引导的状语连用。 e.g. : He has lived in the city for forty years. 他住在这座城市已经40年了。 He has learned English since 1990. 自从1990 年，他就一直在学英语。 for +时间段 since + 时间点时间段+ago 从句（过去时态） two hours a year three months several weeks

17、 one oclock 2019 last month yesterday half an hour ago he arrived. forsinceExercise:Fill in the blanks with for or since.She has lived in this city _ five years.I have taught in the school _ ten years ago.The old man has been ill _ last month.The boy has watched TV _ an hour.He has been a doctor _ 2

18、019.Mr. Yang has worked in the factory _ he moved there. for since since for since since 1.针对since+时间点/for +时间段的提问用how long.The baby has slept for nine and a half hours. How long has the baby slept ?My mother has worked in this factory since 1990. How long has your mother worked in this factory?Atte

19、ntion!Attention!2. for +时间段 与 since+时间点 常可进行替换。He has lived in Zhangzhou for six years.= He has lived in Zhangzhou since six years ago.I have been back since last week.= I have been back for one week. 二、 在现在完成时态中，短暂性动词不能与表 示一段时间的状语 (for, since)连用。如：I have bought the new bike. I have bought the new b

20、ike for two days. 当它需要与表示一段时间的状语连用时，通常要进行转换。如：I have had the new bike for two days.常见的词有： leave be away (from), borrow keep, buy have, die be dead, begin / start be on, join be a member of/be in become be, fall ill be ill短暂性V.与延续性V.的互换 come arrive - be open-be open close-be closed lose - havent had

21、die- be dead1. He left China for Australia in 2019.He _ China since 2019. 2. He borrowed the book last week. He _the book for one week.3. His grandpa died three years ago.His grandpa _ for three years.4. The film began at 8:00 p.m.The film _ since 8:00 p.m.Exercise:has been away fromhas kepthas been deadhas been on5. She became a doctor in 2019.She _ a doctor since 2019.6. The young man joined the army last year.The young man _the army since last year.The young man _ the army since last year.7. The girl fell ill two days ago.The girl _ for