2020届《导与练》高考英语人教版一轮复习练习选修7Unit3Underthesea含解析

1、Unit3Underthesea.阅读理解(2018安徽合肥第二次质量检测)(ItsnoteverydaythattheUnitedStateshistorymixeswithmicrobes微生物)inthesoil.ButwhenthegrasslandontheNationalMallinWashington,D.C.wasreplaced,itofferedscientiststheopportunitytostudychangesinthesoilbeneath.Theworkfocusedonthebacteriapresentinthesoil.Totheresearcherss

2、urprise,thecommunitiesofmicrobesdidnotchangealotbeforeandafterthereplacement.Thesecommunitiesinthesoilareknownasthesoilmicrobiome(微生物群).“Mylabisinterestedinhowmicrobescanmovearoundintheenvironment,andhowtheychangeand”“adaptasaresultofthismovement,explainsJoAnneCrouch,theleadauthorofthestudy.Wethough

3、tthatthenewimportedturf(草皮)fromNewJerseywouldintroducedifferentcommunitiesofbacteriatotheNationalMall.However,wefoundthattheywerentsignificantlydifferent.”Crouchsworkfocusedonturfgrass,definedasalargeareaofgreengrass.Itismadeupofthegrass,itsroots,andthesoilandmicrobesfoundwiththem.Thinkofthesoilmicr

4、obiomeassimilartothecollectionofmicrobesfoundinthehumanbody.Whenthemicrobesareoutofbalance,itcanmakesomeonesick.Crouchsaysitsthesameforthesoilmicrobiome.Manyoftheworstdiseasesincropsorotherenvironmentsarelinkedwithchangesinthesoilmicrobiome.Additionally,Crouchsaysthateventhoughthechangesbetweentheso

5、ilsweresmall,scientistsarealsostartingtoappreciatethatsometimesareallyimportantmicrobeisarareone.Thismeansitwould“behardtoobservebutcouldgreatlyaffecthowthegroupsfunctionasawhole.Agriculturalareasand”othernaturalspacesarehighlyandeasilyhurtbynegativechanges,shesays.“Microbiomesofferanalmostentirelyn

6、ewopportunitytoinfluenceinteractionsamongplantsandmicrobestoimproveplantproductivityandhealth.”1.Whydidtheresearchersfeelsurprisedwhentheyfocusedonthebacteriainthesoil?A.Morebacteriaappearedinthesoil.B.Microbeswerereplacedobviously.C.Soilmicrobiomealmostremainedstable.D.Thesoilmicrobiomedamagedtheen

7、vironment.2.Bystudyingtheturfgrass,whatdidCrouchandherteamfind?A.Microbesgrewfasterintheirowncommunity.B.Soilmicrobiomesweredifferentindifferentplaces.C.Turfgrassadaptedtotheenvironmentnearbyverysoon.D.Similarcommunitiesofbacteriawerebroughtbyturfgrass.3.Whydidtheauthormentionthemicrobesinthehumanbo

8、dy?A.Toindicatethetwoplayasimilarrole.B.Toprovetheyareboththecausesofdiseases.C.Toexaminetheenvironmentspeoplelivein.D.Toanalyzethechangesofhumanmicrobes.4.WhatdoesCrouchmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Microbesarestillashardtoobserveasbefore.B.Studiesonmicrobiomescanbebeneficialtoagriculture.C.Scientistsar

9、estillpuzzledabouttheeffectofmicrobiomes.D.Toomanymicrobiomesinthesoilmeannoharmtoplants.语篇解读:正如人体的微生物群落对人体的健康有影响一样,土壤的微生物群落也会对植物的产量和健康产生影响。答案及剖析:1.C细节理解题。根据第二段中的Totheresearcherssurprise,thecommunitiesofmicrobesdidnotchangealotbeforeandafterthereplacement.Thesecommunitiesinthesoilareknownasthesoilmi

10、crobiome.可知,令研究者惊讶的是土壤微生物群落几乎保持稳定。2.D细节理解题。根据第三段中的WethoughtthatthenewimportedturffromNewJerseywouldintroducedifferentcommunitiesofbacteriatotheNationalMall.However,wefoundthattheywerentsignificantlydifferent.可知,通过研究草皮,克劳奇和她的团队发现新移植过来的草皮带来的微生物群落与原来的微生物群落类似。3.A推理判断题。根据第五段第一句Thinkofthesoilmicrobiomeass

11、imilartothecollectionofmicrobesfoundinthehumanbody.及该段后面的内容可推知,作者提及人类体内的微生物是为了表示这两种类型的微生物扮演着类似的角色。4.B推理判断题。最后一段提到微生物群落提供了一个提高庄稼产量、促进植物健康的全新机会。由此可知,对微生物群落的研究对农业是有益的。.七选五(2018吉林第二次调研测试)HowtodealwithyourhomeworkWriteitdown.1.Makeanoteonyournotebook.Alwaysbesuretowritedownallyourhomeworkforschoolsoyouwo

12、ntforgetanything.Createahomeworkstation.Findsomewherecomfortableandquiettowork.2.Itwilltaketwiceaslongtogetthehomeworkdone.Shutoffyourmobilephone,logoffyourcomputer(unlessyouwillneeditforyourhomework)andclosethedoor.Doitasearlyaspossible.Dontleavehomeworktothelastminute.3.Theearlieryoustartdoingyour

13、homework,thesooneryouwillfinish!Doallyourhomeworkasearlyasyoucan,soyoudonthaveapileofhomeworkthenextday.4.Thinkabouthowlongitwilltakeyoutocompleteeachsubject.Forexample:Englishtenminutes,sciencetenminutes,mathfortyminutes,historytwentyminutes.Treatyourself.Youcaneasilygettiredofyourhomeworkbysitting

14、throughanhourortwowithoutstopping.Onceyoufinishhomeworkforasubject,takeasmallbreak.Justmakesureitsquick(nomorethan15minutes).DonotturnontheTV,oryouwillnevergobackandfinishyourhomework.5.A.Useyourtimewisely.B.Startassoonasyougethome.C.Startwithyourhardesthomework.D.NeverdoyourhomeworkinfrontoftheTV.E

15、.Youcantakeawalkorfindsomethingtoeat.F.Aftershortbreaks,returntofinishuptherestofyourhomework.G.Keepahomeworknotebookwhereyourecordallyourhomework.答案:1-5GDBAF.完形填空Growinguplikeallchildren,whenIwasgrowingupallIwantedwastobegrownup.Ialwayskeptacloseeyeonmyrole1myparents,andalwaystriedtodoanythingtheyd

16、id.TheskillsIlearntandtheattitudeI2fromayoungagewouldbeofgreathelptomeinmy3years.Fromtheageoffourorfive,thememoriesIhavearethoseof4myparentsintheirshopandhelpingthemsellgoods.ThejobIdidwasjust5onthechairsothatIcouldreachthecounterand6ateveryonewhocamein.7thesearesoinsignificant,Ialwaysgotasenseof8an

17、dsatisfactioninmywork.WhenIwassevenyearsold,Iwenttoprimaryschoolandmyfamilymovedtothetown9Ilivedtoday.Atthebeginning,everythingaroundmewas10.Ifeltithardtobreathe11friends.Butmyfamilytoldme,“Neverbea12!Keepsmilingandtrytoplaywithothers!”SoItriedtosmileatothersandplaywithothers.Soon,it13.Igotmyhappine

18、ssagain.Andthosewordsarealwaysinmy14tilltoday.Now,asahighschoolstudent,Ihaveaniceclassandmanycharmingand15friendsandteachersaroundme.Ifeel16andbeautiful!Meanwhile,thesupportthatIhavereceivedand17toreceivefrommyfamilyisalwaysamajor18formetosucceedaswell.Inmyopinion,everyonesgrowthisfullofgoodandbadex

19、periencesallthetime.Thekeyisto19thegoodonesandfindawayofturninganegativesituationintoa20one.1.A.playsB.modelsC.relievesD.glories2.A.dreamtofB.ignoringC.thoughthighlyofD.acquired3.A.hardB.laterC.lastD.precious4.A.followingB.employingC.inspectingD.charging5.A.sittingB.relyingC.puttingD.standing6.A.sho

20、utingB.staringC.smilingD.laughing7.A.WhenB.AsC.AlthoughD.Since8.A.prideB.confidenceC.shameD.humor9.A.whichB.howC.whyD.where10.A.impressiveB.anxiousC.unfamiliarD.embarrassing11.A.withoutB.withC.amongD.between12.A.loserB.successC.slaveD.quitter13.A.aroseB.owedC.workedD.shone14.A.brainB.eyeC.mouthD.min

21、d15.A.truthfulB.hopefulC.carefulD.powerful16.A.upsetB.sensitiveC.sweetD.calm17.A.agreeB.manageC.continueD.mean18.A.treatmentB.limitC.happinessD.drive19.A.selectB.appreciateC.struggleforD.dealwith20.A.commonB.secureC.positiveD.valuable语篇解读:本文讲述在作者的成长中,父母给作者树立了很正面的榜样,给了作者非常好的指导,让作者在成长的道路上走得更加坚实。答案及剖析:

22、1.B根据下文我总是尽力做他们做的事,可知我总是密切关注着我的榜样(models)。2.D此处指我从小获得(acquired)的态度。dreamof梦想;ignore忽视;thinkhighlyof高度赞扬。3.Bhard艰难的;later以后的;last最后的,上一个;precious珍贵的。本文描述的是我的成长经历,故inmylateryears(在以后的岁月里)符合语境,故选B。4.A句意:从四五岁的时候,我记得的就是在父母的商店里跟着(following)他们并帮忙卖东西。employ雇用;inspect检查;charge控诉,索价。5.D对于四五岁的孩子来说,要想够到柜台,肯定要站在椅子上,故选D。6.C根据常识可知,卖东西的人对进来买东西的人应该是微笑。7.C句意:尽管这些非常不重要,但是我总会从工作中获得自豪感和满足感。根据句意可知,用although引导让步状语从句,故选C。8.Apride自豪;confidence自信;shame羞愧;humor幽默。asenseofpride自豪感。9.D这里是定语从句,先行词是thetown,此处在定语从句中作地点状语,故用where引导。10.Cimpressive给人印象深刻的;anxious焦急的;unfamil