外国留学申请法国留学申请书格式

1、 外国留学申请法国留学申请书格式 外国留学申请法国留学申请书格式 Dear _, A fourth-year student grounded solidly in the basics of computer science, I am writing in pursuit of graduate studies that I hope can help me acquire cutting-edge expertise in software programming in general and parallel processing in particular. Intrigued by

2、 the power of the computer since high school, I have been trying to stay on top of the computer science by concentrating my undergraduate studies on those subjects that underpin the discipline, particularly mathematics and electronics. To build up my solid knowledge in these subjects, I have taken v

3、irtually all the related courses that the university has had to offer. These courses include Algorithm & Data Structure, Mathematical Modeling, Network Theory, Digital Circuit, Discrete Mathematics, and Electric Circuit. With a sophisticated understanding in these areas, I have been well positioned

4、to appreciate the basic theories of computer science and their applications to software development. Aided by the firm command of the basics, I have found it not only easy but also exciting to study the various subjects covered by my major. As most of my classmates, I took a variety of courses rangi

5、ng from AI to Computer Network, from AI Programming to Knowledge Engineering, from Pattern Recognition to Software Engineering, and from Database Design to Programming Language Design. But I distinguished myself by my academic record, which places me as one of the very top students in my class. My g

6、rades in these course never went below A or B. I have also stood out as one of the few who have taught themselves Real Time System and Computer Graphics. Armed with sound training in the basic theories and applied technologies, I have been able to move on into deeper and wider areas of computer scie

7、nce. Early in my university life, I began to understand that the modern computers base, the Turing machine, was reaching its limits in AI. Gradually, I have narrowed down my research interest to parallel & distributive computing, which I understand can significantly boost the performance of personal

8、 computers by giving them some of the functions of mainframe computers. Of all the areas of computer science, parallel processing fascinates me the most. The term first came to me when I read the book Computer Organization & Design: the HardwareSoftware Interface as part of my Computer Architecture

9、course. By teaching me how the performance of computers can be improved through pipelining and parallel processing, the book reshaped my thinking in computer science. My lab experience deepened my understanding of parallel processing. In my third year, I worked on a GIFT project with Dr. Komatsu, ch

10、ief researcher of IBM Tokyo Research Laboratory and Dr. Koseki, one of Dr. Komatsus colleagues. The project was to introduce the architecture supports that can allow compilers to derive more parallelism from programs. These architecture supports include three designs, a conditional execution mechani

11、sm to execute instructions without normal conditional jump instructions, speculative execution mechanism, and a dynamic memory disambiguation mechanism to execute memory access instructions simultaneously. As undergraduate students seldom get to be involved in actual research, I took full advantage

12、of the opportunity of working in the lab. I particularly enjoyed the seminars held twice a week as part of the lab work. At these seminars, I engaged in in-depth discussions with Masters students under Dr. Komatsus seasoned guidance. The lab experience is adding weight and insights to my graduation

13、paper An Improvement of Software pipelining using Loop Transformations. In this paper, I will introduce a translation algorithm using loop interchange and loop skewing. This algorithm can minimize the initiation interval of loop nest to improve the performance of software pipelining. Through my lab

14、experience and other research, I have developed a long-term professional objective: the advancement of the parallel processing technology. While I have strong faith in this technology, I also know its limitations as it is today. Some sequential algorithms cant be easily translated into fast parallel

15、 algorithms and most compilers can only distribute works on one platform. Another unsettled problem is that programming parallel computers is now still a manual work. But even the modern language (like Java, C+) can do some automatic translation work. If a compiler can be developed to translate and

16、distribute work into different platforms, personal computers will be able to work like mainframe computers at a fraction of the mainframes costs. This will make it possible to connect all the computers in the world and speed up all the processes. To help take the parallel processing technology beyon

17、d what is capable of today, I have to undertake more advanced studies. This, I believe, can only be accomplished in a quality graduate program like yours. I plan to pursue a masters degree with a concentration on paralleling and distributing compilers, operating systems or computer networks, a combi

18、nation thereof. With the training that goes into such an advanced degree, I think I will be able to take great strides towards fulfilling my professional objective. When I do, I think I will be standing on the cutting-edge of the computer science. Yours sincerely, 法国留学住宿类型解读 一、大学生公寓 在法国，设在大学校园内或市内的大

19、学生公寓均由大区大学及学校事务管理中心 (CROUS) 负责进行管理。公寓内设10至12平方米带家俱和盥洗设备的单人房间，厕所和淋浴为楼层公用。公共设施还囊括：公用小厨房、工作和会议室等。某些公寓还提供一些特殊服务，例如：公共部分的打扫、提供床单、常驻保安看守，等等。这类住所的平均租金在每月120至300欧元之间。 这些住房按照学生社会条件进行分配。获得公立大学生公寓的住房名额特别困难，尤其是在巴黎。因为这些住房名额通常优先为奖学金享受者预留。对于外国留学生，则优先分配给法国政府奖学金享受者。 二、私营大学生公寓 这类专供大学生租用的私营公寓分布于法国各大城市。为弥补公立大学公寓住房的不足，最

20、近几年来，法国的私营大学生公寓得到了很快的发展。私营大学生公寓通常提供带家俱和设备的单间套房 ( Studio) ;内设简易厨房，视情况可配带餐具;公用设施囊括：咖啡厅、电视室、会议室、复印室、自动洗衣房，等等。这些单间套房根据适用于私营部门的租赁法规出租;须签订租约并按要求缴纳押金。如在离开住房时，房屋设施保持搬入时的原样状况，则可退还押金。 在某些私营大学生公寓，电费由学生自付，并且如果居住时间至少超过一年时，还须缴纳居住税。这类住房的月租金巴黎约需590至686欧元，外省400至686欧元。 三、私人住宅 租用这类私人住宅，即使是带家俱房间或单间套房，通常要求出示父母担保书，以保证如期支

21、付房租。一般来说，房东对房客的经济收入有严格的要求，即申报的收入必须至少是房租的四倍。房主可要求房客出示最近几个月的工资单或最近一两年的年收入申报单。如果需要有人作担保的话，担保人的收入必须至少高于房租六至八倍。 这类住房通常需要通过物业中介管理公司寻找;也可通过报刊广告直接向房主租用。遵照法国的习惯，房租由两个部分组成：一是归属房主的住房租金，另一部分称 作“杂费负担 ( Charges)”，主要用于支付日常公共开支，例如：信件、门房、楼房公共部分的清洁打扫，等等。杂费金额视住房大小和楼房档次而不同。学生住房的杂费大概在每月50 欧元左右。在租房广告中，如有缩写注明“CC”，也即“charg

22、es comprises ”，其意思是所列的房租中已经包含了“杂费”;否则，还应另加杂费。为谨慎起见，应随时询问房东或房产经纪公司房租是否包含杂费。 四、家庭寄宿 所谓家庭寄宿，也就是在私人家庭里租用一间带家俱的房间，和房东家庭一起生活。这种方式对于短期居留者尤其合适;对留学生来说，也不失为一解决住房的方式。寄宿也可有几种不同的形式，例如，包早餐，或者允许使用房东家庭的厨房，等等。房东对房客在担保以及缴纳房租方面的要求也会因人而异。这种家庭寄宿的租金在巴黎大概每月在800至1050欧元之间，外省价格可以减半。这种住房的缺陷当然是独立性受到限制，例如，在声音、在接待朋友等方面。 五、旅馆 旅馆住宿由于价格昂贵，至少每晚在48欧元左右，所以只能是临时的权宜之计。值得了解的是，在法国，某些旅馆实行递减价格制，对连续居住一个月以上的客人采用优惠价格。 法国艺术研究生留学费用 一、学费 在法国大多数的公立学校是不需要学生交学