英语专四完形填空攻略课件

1、英语专业四级完形填空解题技巧文章长度：240310词题材：一般是大家熟知的话题，专业性不强，涉及科技、人文、历史、风俗习惯、语言等方面体裁：说明文为主文章难度适中，不含任何超纲词，材料难度不超过大纲。2005毕业后是否住在父母家里2006英国的迷信2007老师对叙事者的影响和教育2008盐、贝壳和金属在某些地方仍然可以当作货币使用2009医生采取措施快速诊断、治疗和制止非典2010人类语言的起源2011父亲的角色2012地震和火山爆发原因命题特点20个空， 第一句通常完整给出考点均匀分布，相邻两个空之间相隔单词不少于5个（例子）多集中考查某一类次或语法现象，考查动词和名词较多（一般46个），连

2、词，副词，形容词，固定搭配一般分别为1-3个，介词题和语法题分别为1-2个，情态动词0-1个。选项设置：4个选项词性相同、意义相关、结构类似，干扰项具有迷惑性题型分析题目类型大致为：词汇辨析、习惯配搭、逻辑关系、语义衔接、语法题其中词汇辨析题出现比例最大，尤其是名词和动词；习惯搭配也是重点，涉及各类词汇的习惯搭配与固定用法；逻辑关系题主要考查上下文，句子之间以及词与词之间的逻辑关系，涉及表示因果、并列、递进、转折、让步、对比等关系的副词和连词，尤其是转折和让步关系；语义衔接题侧重于文章的主旨、行文思路的把握。完型3大答题步骤通读全文，掌握大意： 用2-3分钟快速浏览全文，了解大意。不急于答题，

3、了解文章的题材，从整体上把握全文的主要内容和结构框架。其中要注意文中的暗示，努力找出关键词。 第一段的第一句通常保持完整，可以用来猜测主要内容。但是，从2000年以来，完形填空试题有时在第一句就留了空格，这说明试题的难度在逐年增加。试题在首句留空格的年份有：2002、2004、2006、2007、2010.统计从2002年到2012年，比率几乎达到50%。瞻前顾后 各个击破用8-9分钟逐句精读短文，但是阅读时先不要看选项，做到精读与猜测同行。第一轮：对含义明显的词汇、固定搭配或习惯用法、常用句式等纯语言知识问题，可以边读边随时猜测答案，包括介词的用法，倒装句，虚拟语气等固定的句型或语法。第二轮

4、:针对在通读过程中未能轻易猜测出答案的题目。这类题目的解答往往建立在对语篇整体理解的基础上，利用上下文字里行间的线索才能得出正确答案。还可以依据自己的生活常识、人文常识等作答。常用的方法：排除法、答案代入法、利用常识复核全文，消除疏漏： 完成后，要通读一遍，检查是否前后贯通，内容清楚，主题突出。复读过程中如果有某些地方意义含糊或矛盾，就应该依据文章的中心意思来重新考虑。从语法上，检查一下所完成的句子是否主谓一致；时态、语态是否正确；名词、代词的性、格是否一致；动词、形容词、名词与介词的搭配是否准确无误。对于个别难度较大的空项，可以凭着自己的语感，坚持第一感觉选择答案。完型3大考点词汇语法逻辑词

5、汇（名词、动词、形容词、副词等）这是完形填空中出现最多的一种题型。四个答案选项或为近义词，或为非近义同类词。有时无论填入哪一个选项，在语法上都对，在意义上也说得通。这就需要考生不仅要考虑各选项本身的形式、意义和功能，还要联系上下文来做出正确的选择。 The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memory. It was a (31) _ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian Ocean. It (32

6、) _coastlines, communities and brought death to many people. 31. A. massive B. significant C. great D. grand 32. A. changed B. converted C. destroyed D.transformedA规模非常大的意义重大的宏伟的C改变思想，信仰破坏，摧毁转换，使变型 The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today; it is moving (33) _ (although very sl

7、owly) and has done so for billions of years. This is one (34) _ of earthquakes, when one section of the earth (tectonic plate) collides with another. 33. A. frequently B. periodically C. regularly D. continuously 34. A. source B. cause C. movement D. reason the reason for sth.频繁地周期性的有规律的持续不断地DB来源原因运

8、动原因ofAll we really know is that men, unlike animals, somehow invented certain _ to express thoughts and feelings, actions and things. (2010)A. sounds B. gestures C. signs D. movementsA语法主要包括：动词的时态，语态，非谓语动词，短评搭配，连接词的选择，不定代词的用法和比较级的使用等语法知识。However, earthquakes do not always happen on fault lines, (38)

9、 _ is why they are so dangerous and unpredictable. 38. A. which B. it C. this D. that 考查定语从句关系代词的确定，非限定性定语从句中不能使用关系代词that。AThe superstition is supposed to _ in ancient times, when mirrors were considered to be tools of the gods. (2006)A. have originated B. be originating C. be originated D. originat

10、e originate表“起源”是不及物动词，不能用于被动。该superstition是始于过去，对现在有影响的事件，因此选择A。 A逻辑主要包括：考生对语篇整体性、一致性、连贯性的把握，辨清句与句、段与段之间的因果、对比、递进、让步、转折等逻辑关系。They can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt, (42) _ they can be so violent that they just explode directly from the earth with no warning. 42. A. or B. and

11、 C. nor D. but 逻辑衔接。前后两个句子表示的是火山喷发的两种方式。ASalt may seem rather a strange (substance) to use as money, _ in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an absolute necessity. (2008)A. but B. and C. so D. even上半句提到把盐作为钱来使用也许看起来很奇怪，而下半句提到了在一些国家它又是必需品，由此判断上下句是转折关系。A完型6个解题技巧技巧一

12、：充分利用首句信息完形填空题的特点是篇幅小，起点高，容量大。按一般的命题要求，完形填空题所采用的短文一般不给标题，但首句往往不设空，通常是个完整的句子，这个句子不容忽视，它是全文的关键句，或者称为主导句，是了解全文的窗口，常常包含对解题有用的信息，由此句可判断文章的大意乃至主题。因此，考生要充分利用完形填空题首句的提示作用，利用它为解题找到一个突破口，从而展开思维，争取开局顺利。 技巧二：充分利用逻辑推理补充递进：furthermore; moreover; in addition; additionally; what is more; above all; besides等同：equall

13、y; likewise; in the same way; in a similar way转折让步：anyhow; anyway; still; though; yet; in any case; however; nevertheless; in spite of; despite; all the same对照：contrastingly; conversely; oppositely; on the contrary; in contrast; by comparison同位与举例：namely; in other words; for example; for instance; t

14、hat is; that is to say原因：since; for; because; due to the fact that; as结果：accordingly; as a consequence; in consequence; consequently; hence; so; therefore; thus; as a result两方面：alternatively; rather; on the one handon the other hand; eitheror时间顺序：in the meantime; meanwhile; meantime; at the same tim

15、e; prior to; previously; afterwards并列：and; eitheror; neithernor; not onlybut also; on the one hand, on the other hand; while; whereas技巧三：巧妙运用语法分析完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查主要体现在习惯用法和同义词、近义词的辨析两个方面。习惯用法是英语中某些固定的结构形态，不能随意变动。而在众多的习语当中，介词往往扮演最活跃的角色，其次是副词。近年词义辨析题的比重有加大的趋势。要做好这类题目，必须有较大的词汇量和较强的词语搭配能力。 技巧四：利用词汇复现完型填空所选

16、文章中原词复现现像较为明显，一般来说，选项中出现上下文中已出现的词汇，一般就是答案。The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides with the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this _ can be modifi

17、ed. (2004)A. cycle B. period C. circle D. round A技巧五： 利用文化背景常识完形填空题命题的基本形式是独立的语篇，它以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息，其间交织渗透着各类相关的常识与知识，从文化、科学常识到历史、地理知识等，无所不包。做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，注意中西方文化方面存在的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺理成章地选出正确的答案。因此，平时就要注意知识的积累，并加强不同学科间的知识融合，有意识地了解一些英语国家的文化背景知识，这对英语学习和应试将大有帮助。 技巧六：大量阅读，提高阅读理解能力

18、。在一定意义上，完形填空题是为阅读理解服务的，它要求考生具有快速阅读文章的能力，尤其是跳读的能力，心里要有整体，浏览全文，掌握全文要旨和主要考点。这种能力的培养是靠平时大量阅读训练出来的。真题展示The earthquake of 26th December 2004 resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in living memoryIt was a (31) _ underwater quake and occurred in the Indian OceanIt (32) _ coastlines，communities and

19、brought death to many peopleWhy do earthquakes happen?The surface of the earth has not always looked as it does today；it is moving(33)_ (although very slowly)and has done so for billions of yearsThis is one(34)_ of earthquakes，when one section of the earth (tectonic plate)(35)_ anotherScientists can

20、 predict where but not(36)_ this might happen and the area between plates is called a fault lineOn one fault line in Kobe，Japan in 1923 over 200,000 people were killed(37)_，earthquakes do not always happen on fault lines，(38)_ is why they are so dangerous and (39)_ Where do volcanoes happen? Volcano

21、es happen where the earths(40)_ is thin：lava，dust and gases(41)_ from beneath the earthThey can rise into a huge cone shape like a mountain and erupt，(42)_ they can be so violent(43)_ they just explode directly from the earth with no warningThere are 1511(44)_ volcanoes in the worldThis means that t

22、hey may(45)_ be dangerousIn 1985 the Colombian volcano Nevado del Ruiz eruptedThe lava melted a glacier and sent tones of mud(46)_ the town belowTwenty thousand people diedNatural disasters like volcanic eruptions are often unpredictableWe regularly do not know when they(47)_ happen，or (48)_ where t

23、hey will happenIn the future，scientists may be able to watch and predict(49)_ before they happenThis could(50)_ many lives 31Amassive Bsignificant Cgreat Dgrand32Achanged Bconverted Cdestroyed Dtransformed33Afrequently Bcontinuously Cregularly Dperiodically34Asource Breason Cmovement Dcause35Acollides with Bconfronts with Cmeets with Dfaces with36Ahow Bwhy Cwhen Dwhat37AGenerally BHowever CSimilarly DAnyway38Athat Bit Cthis Dwhich39Aunpredictable Bunaccountable Cinevitable Dirresistible40Asurface Bappearance Ccrust Dcover41Aflowed out Bburst out Cleaked out Dtr