人教课标高一必修2Unit4

1、Unit 4Wildlife protection知识清单(一) 基本单词1. _ n. 损失; 遗失; 丧失2. _ vt. & vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜寻3. _ n. 减轻或解除; 减轻痛苦的事物4. _ n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 怜悯losshuntreliefmercy5. _ adj. 确定的; 某一; 一定6. _ vt. 包含; 容纳; 容忍7. _ vt. 影响; 感动; 侵袭8. _ n. & vt. 损害; 危害9. _ vt. & vi. 咬; 叮; 刺痛10. _ n. 事件; 事变certaincontainaffectharmbiteincident(二) 派生单词

2、11. _ vt. & vi. 减少; (使)变小 _vt. 增加12. _ vi. 回答; 响应; 做出反应 _ n. 回答; 响应13. _ vi. 成功 vt. 接替; 继任 _ n. 成功 _ adj. 成功的decreaseincreaserespondresponsesucceedsuccesssuccessful14. _ vt. 雇用; 利用 _ n. 利用; 雇用 _ n. 雇员 _ n. 雇主15. _ vt. 检查; 视察 _ n. 检查; 视察employemploymentemployeeemployerinspectinspection(三) 短语1. 灭亡; 逐渐

3、消失2. 和平地; 和睦地; 安祥地3. 在危险中; 垂危4. 如释重负; 松了口气5. 保护.不受.(危害)6. 注意7. 形成; 产生8. 按照; 根据.所说die outin peacein dangerin reliefprotect frompay attention tocome into beingaccording to(四) 句式It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but Id like to help as the WWF suggests. 核心要点1. certain adj. 确定的; 某一; 一定(一)单词

4、【归纳】 certain 作形容词，意为“确定的，无疑的”，常作表语；也可作前置定语，意为“某一，某种”。常用结构如下：be certain of 对有把握be certain to do sth. 肯定/确定做be certain that . 肯定/确定/确信make certain that . 弄明白，弄清楚make certain of sth. / doing sth. 确保（做某事）It is certain that . 是肯定/确定的。【辨析】 certain & surecertain 与 sure 都可表示“肯定的，确定的”，都可作表语。但certain还有“某一，某种”

5、之意，可作前置定语修饰名词，而sure无此用法。此外certain可用于It is certain that . 结构中，而sure则常用人作主语。如：Theyre sure / certain to be late.It was certain that they would be late.Im sure hell manage it.2. relief n. (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除; 减轻痛苦的事物【归纳】 in relief 如释重负; 松了口气 (much) to ones relief 使某人感到宽慰/庆幸的是 feel a sense of relief 如释重负 (much

6、) to ones relief使人宽慰的 what a relief 真叫人宽慰，这样大家就放心了。 3. contain vt. 包含; 容纳; 克制(强烈的感情等); 抑制【归纳】 contain “包含, 含有, 容纳, 里面装有”, 指的是包含的全部内容或容量, 也可指里面所含的成分, 不用于进行时态。 include “包含”, “连.在内, 计入, 算入, 包括”, 用于表示所包含之物中的一部分, 其后的宾语往往是主语的一部分。【即时应用】用contain/include的适当形式填空。1) My mother was unable to _ her anger.2) The b

7、ottle _ two glasses of beer.3) The health club _ a gym, a swimming pool and a locker room.4) The whole book _ 12 units, _ two tests.containcontainsincludescontainsincluding4. affect vt. 影响; 感动; 侵袭【归纳】 affect sb. to tears 把某人感动得掉泪 be greatly affected 很受感动 be affected with high fever 发高烧 have an effec

8、t on/upon . 对.有影响【辨析】 affect / effect / influence这三个词都可表示“影响”，但略有区别： affect作动词，多指外来的行为、作用等产生的影响，侧重指消极影响，主语通常是物而不是人。如：Their opinion will not affect my decision. effect作名词，侧重影响的结果，常用于have a good / bad effect on / upon sth. / sb.结构中。如：This had a great effect on the future of both mother and son. influe

9、nce通常指通过劝说、榜样或行为，间接地、无形地、潜移默化地影响某人的思想或行为。作动词时，宾语通常是表示人、思想、性格、行为等的名词；作名词时，后常接含on，upon，over，with等的介词短语。也可指自然力的影响。如：A teacher has great influence over his pupils.【温馨提示】 affect 只能用作动词，除了“影响”之意，还可以引申为“感动，感染”；而 effect 用作名词，着重影响的结果，多用于短语 have an effect on，意为“影响”。【即时应用】用affect/effect的适当形式填空。(1) Staying up t

10、oo late will have a bad _ on your health.(2) The boy was absorbed in reading without being _ by the noise outside.effectaffected5. appreciate v. 鉴赏; 感激; 意识到【归纳】 appreciate 作动词，意为“欣赏，鉴赏；感谢，感激”。 作“欣赏，鉴赏”讲时，其后常接名词或代词作宾语。如：You cant really appreciate foreign literature in translation. 作“感谢，感激”讲时，后面可接名词、代

11、词、动词-ing形式（或其复合结构）以及宾语从句。如：I appreciate your / you making the effort to come.I dont appreciate being treated like a second-class citizen.I appreciate what youve done for me. sb. + would appreciate it if . 意为“如果某人将不胜感激”。如：He would appreciate it if you could do him that favor.【词义辨析】 appreciate & thank

12、appreciate与thank都可表示“感谢”，但是用法上有区别。appreciate后接表示“物”的名词；thank后接“人”，常用于thank sb.或thank sb. for (doing) sth.。如：We really appreciate everything youve done for our daughter.I havent had a chance to thank him yet.6. succeed vi. 成功; 继承 vt. 接替; 继任【归纳拓展】 succeed (in) doing sth. 成功. succeed to sth. 继承. succee

13、d sb. as . 接替某人成为. success n. U 成功; 成就 C 成功的人或事物 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地【辨析】 succeed in & succeed with这两个短语都可表示“成功地做.”。其区别是: 以成功的人作主语时用succeed in; 以事物作主语时用succeed with。例如:He has succeeded in the attempt.The attempt succeeded with him.他的那次尝试成功了。【即时应用】选用上述词汇完成下列情景。To tell the truth,

14、I used not to be a _ in communicating with others. But later I went to a night school and _ learning some social skills. Then I was _ in making friends with many young people. Actually its not difficult to _ improving yourself.successsucceeded (in)successfulsucceed (in)7. employ vt. 雇用; 利用(时间/精力等)【归

15、纳】 be employed in . 忙于. employ . as . 把.用作. employ oneself on . 从事于.; 时间花在. employ oneself (in) doing sth. 从事于或忙于某事 employ sb. to do sth. 雇某人做某事【即时练习】After two years _ (失业), he has just _ (被雇用) by a big company. To be a good _ (员工), he _ (花费) all his spare time in learning about new things about the

16、 company. Soon he is promoted by his _ (雇主).unemploymentbeen employedemployeeemploysemployer8. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 怜悯【归纳】 mercy 作名词，其常见用法如下： 意为“怜悯，饶恕，宽恕”。常用短语：beg for mercy 恳请宽恕，乞怜 have mercy on sb. / show mercy to sb. 对某人表示怜悯without mercy 无情地at the mercy of . 任凭摆布或控制，对无能为力 意为“幸运，恩惠”。常用句型：Its a mercy (

17、that) . 幸运的是。如：Its a mercy that the accident happened so near the hospital.【拓展】 merciless adj. 毫不怜悯的，无情的，残忍的merciful adj. 仁慈的，慈悲的1. die out 灭亡; 逐渐消失【拓展】 die away (声音/光线/风声等)逐渐消失 die down (火/情绪/风暴等)由强变弱/熄灭/平静下来 die off (动/植物等)相继死亡; (草木等)枯死 be dying for . 很想要; 渴望.(二)短语【即时应用】 用适当的介/副词填空。(1) As the regi

18、on is becoming hotter, this kind of grass is dying _.(2) Their chatter and laughter died _ as the group rushed out of the classroom.(3) When all the guests had left, the whole house died _.(4) We need to take action before all the endangered animals die _.offawaydownout2. protect . from 保护.不受.(危害)【拓

19、展】 prevent . (from) . 阻止.做. stop . (from) . 阻止.做. keep . (from) . 阻止.做. under ones protection = under the protection of sb. 受某人保护【温馨提示】prevent / stop / keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事, 在 prevent / stop . from doing sth. 中的from在主动句中可以省略, 而在被动句中不可省略。keep . from doing sth. 中的from在任何情况下都不能省略。3. pay att

20、ention to 注意; 关注.【拓展】 draw / attract / catch attention to . 引起某人的注意 turn ones attention to 把注意力转移到 . fix / focus / concentrate ones attention on / upon 注意力集中在 . devote ones attention to 把注意力放在 .4. come into being 形成; 产生【拓展】 come into existence 开始存在; 形成; 产生 come into fashion 开始流行; 风靡 come into effect

21、 生效 come into sight / view 看得见 come into office 就职 come into power 当权; 执政 come into use / service 开始被使用【温馨提示】 come into being 是不及物动词短语, 无被动形式, 也不用于进行时态。【即时应用】 完成句子。 No one knows when such a custom _ (形成).(2) A new rule will soon _ (生效).came into beingcome into effect5. in peace 和睦地；安静地，平静地【拓展】 in da

22、nger 在危险中in relief 如释重负in order 状态良好in silence 沉默in power 执政in progress 在进行中in surprise 惊讶地6. in danger (of)【归纳】 in danger 意为“在危险中，处境危险” ；in danger of 意为“有的危险，坏事或不快之事发生的可能性”，其后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式（短语）。【拓展】 out of danger 脱离危险。如：The doctor said that the patient was out of danger. It shows the importance of

23、 wildlife protection, but Id like to help as the WWF suggests. (三)句式as 在句中引导方式状语从句, 意为“按照, 如同”。Do as I say! 按我说的去做！When in Rome, do as Romans do.入乡随俗。 (在罗马时就要像罗马人那样做。)as 作连词的其他用法： 当.时候; 一面.一面; 随着(引导时间状语从句) 因为; 既然(引导原因状语从句) 尽管adv. 同样地; 例如; 被认为prep. 作为; 如同conj. 因为; 像; 当 . 之时; 像 . 一样; 结果; 尽管They sang s

24、ongs as they were doing farm work.他们一边干农活, 一边唱歌。As the wage of the job was low, there were few applicants for it.因为工资低, 没有什么人申请这份工作。Intelligent as she is, she works very hard.(= Although she is clever .)尽管聪明, 她还是很努力。【温馨提示】as 意为“尽管”时, 须将表语/状语等提前, 其他成分保持陈述语序; 名词提前时, 去掉冠词。Child as he was, he knew a lot

25、.(= Although he was a child .)虽然是个孩子, 但他懂得很多。巩固练习I. 选用方框内合适的短语并用其适当形式填空。1. The marriage law first _ in 1950.2. He saved up his money _ he could go to New Zealand for his summer holiday.came into beingso thatin peace die out according to so that come into being3. If everything goes _ their plan, they

26、 will be able to afford to open a store in 2 years.4. They simply cant seem to live _ with each other.5. Many more species are expected to _ unless we do something to help. according toin peacedie outII. 根据括号内汉语提示补全下列句子。1. I _ (将不胜感激) if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will be coming.2. She _ (对这些 问题作了答复) and then announced the end of the meeting. 3. Scientists claim they _ (已成功) finding a way to fight the