人教版高中英语必修第一册Unit4《Natural disasters SectiomⅠ》精品课件

1、UNIT 4NATURAL DISASTERSSection Listening and Speaking，Reading and Thinking课前自主预习课内要点探究随堂达标验收夯基提能作业课前自主预习重点单词1_n.灾难；灾害2_n.旱灾；久旱3_vi.& vt.(使)滑行；滑动4_n.洪水；大量vi.淹没；大量涌入vt.使灌满水；淹没 _adj.洪水泛滥的5_n.& vt.营救；救援6_vt.损害；破坏n损坏；损失7_vt.摧毁；毁灭disasterdroughtslidefloodfloodedrescuedamagedestroy8_n.死；死亡9_vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深

2、打动10_n.避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩藏vi.躲避(风雨或危险)11_n.& vt.破坏；毁坏12_n.百分之adj.& adv.每一百中 _n.百分率；百分比13_n.砖；砖块deathaffectshelterruinpercentpercentagebrick14_n.金属 _n.模特；模范；榜样 _n.奖章；勋章；纪念章 _n.新闻媒体；传媒15_n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊 _adj.感到震惊的 _adj.令人震惊的metalmodelmedalmediashockshockedshocking16_n.电；电能 _adj.电动的，用电的 _adj.与(用)电

3、有关的；电气科学的 _adj.电子的17_vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n险境；陷阱18_vt.埋葬；安葬19_vi.& vt.呼吸 _n.呼吸；气息 _adj.气喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的 _adv.气喘吁吁地；上气不接下气地electricityelectricelectricalelectronictrapburybreathebreathbreathlessbreathlessly20_n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力 _adj.不需费力的21_n.智慧；才智 _adj.有智慧的；英明的；明智的 _adv.明智地；精明地22_n.上下文；语境；背景23_vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)

4、受苦 _n.疼痛；痛苦；苦难；折磨efforteffortlesswisdomwisewiselycontextsuffersuffering重点短语1write _写下；记下2refer _指的是；参考3think _考虑4set _搭起；建立5_ least至少6_ usual像往常一样7_ if似乎；好像；仿佛downtoaboutupatasas8come to _ end结束；终结9_ ruins严重受损；破败不堪10_ number of 的数目11nothing _除以外什么也不；只有；只不过12tens _ thousands of数以万计的13_ shock震惊；吃惊14di

5、g _掘出；发现15look _抬头看，查阅16suffer _.患疾病；受之苦aninthebutofin outup from重点句型1Chickens and even pigs were _ nervous _ eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃食，狗也拒绝进入建筑物中。2It seemed _ the world were _!世界末日似乎到了！tootoas ifcoming to an end3Thousands of children _ without parents.成千上万个孩子变成了孤儿。4_

6、people _ were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000.地震中死亡和重伤的人数超过40万。were leftThe number ofwho课文预读Read the text (P50) and choose the best answers.1All the following unusual things happened before the quake EXCEPT that _.Athe water in the village wells rose and fellBthe chickens

7、and even the pigs were too nervous to eatCtens of thousands of cows would never give milk againDfish jumped out of the waterC2Before the earthquake, people were asleep as usual because _.Athey didnt notice anything strange happeningBthey knew well about earthquakesCsomething strange happened in many

8、 placesDthey didnt realize the arrival of an earthquakeD3The second and third paragraphs are mainly about _.Athe great loss the earthquake brought to TangshanBthe number of people who were killed or injuredCwhen and where an earthquake happenedDthe cause of the big earthquake in TangshanA4What does

9、the sentence “Slowly, the city began to breathe again.” mean？_AThe city will not die.It has hope.And it can recover from the pain.BThe army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to help people.CHundreds of thousands of people were helped.DMost of the 10,000 miners were rescued.5What is the mood (语气) of

10、this passage？_ASad.BSerious.CSerious and sad.DCalm.AC课内要点探究We had given up the hope of rescue.我们那时已经放弃了营救的希望。We rescued him from the enemys camp.我们把他从敌营中救了出来。重 点 单 词1rescue n& vt.营救；救援rescue worker救援人员come/go to sbs rescue前来/去营救(某人)rescue.from.从营救rescuer n救助者单句语法填空She seemed to be waiting for someon

11、e to come _ her rescue.This boy _(rescue) from the running river.完成句子The fireman _ the burning house.消防队员从失火的房子里救出一个婴儿。towas rescuedrescued a baby fromThe earthquake damaged several buildings.地震使一些建筑受到了破坏。You have damaged my bicycle.You wont have it again.你把我的自行车弄坏了。你别想再用了。Eating too much meat one t

12、ime will cause damage to your stomach.一次吃太多肉会对你的胃造成损害。2damage vt.损害；破坏n损坏；损失cause/do damage todamage(v.)伤害；损伤don.to短语do harm to be harmful tobe bad for对造成伤害/有害处do good to sb.do sb.good be good for sb.对有好处do wrong to冤屈，冤枉单句语法填空The heavy rain didnt do much damage _ the crops.Her heart _(damage) as a r

13、esult of the disease.完成句子For them, dieting not only is useless but also might _ _.对他们来说，节食不仅是无用的，而且可能会损害他们的健康。towas damageddamage their health A fire destroyed the house.一场火毁坏了那座房屋。The school was completely destroyed by fire.学校被大火彻底烧毁了。All his hopes were destroyed.他所有的希望都破灭了。3destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭destruc

14、tion n. U破坏；毁坏destructive adj. 破坏性的；造成破坏的用destroy的适当形式填空The strong earthquake left death and _ behind it.The town _ in the war, but the library remained.It is the most _ storm in 20 years.With more forests _，huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.destructionwas destroyeddestru

15、ctivebeing destroyedHe was much affected by the sad news.这个悲惨的消息使他非常难过。The advertising campaign didnt have much effect on sales.这些广告攻势对销售额并没有起到多大作用。4affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；使感染；深深打动；感动be affected by.被侵袭；被感动effect n影响have an effect /influence on.对有影响in effect实际上take effect开始实行；开始生效bring/put o effect使某物开始

16、使用come into effect (尤指法律/规章制度)开始实施单句语法填空One of her lungs _(affect) a little so that she has to rest.I think the _(affect) patient needs to be isolated(隔离)写出黑体部分的含义The audience was deeply affected by his selfless spirit.(感动)More than seven million people have been affected by drought.( 影响 )This disea

17、se affects millions in the world every year.( 侵袭；感染 )is affectedaffected Many of the children in the shelter are orphans.收容所里有好多孩子是孤儿。Human beings need clothing, food and shelter.人类有衣、食、住的需求。She was accused of sheltering a murderer.她因为庇护谋杀犯而被控告。5shelter n避难处；居所；庇护vt.保护；掩蔽vi.躲避(风雨或危险)give shelter to.

18、给予庇护的地方under the shelter of.在的庇护下单句语法填空Though she was a common person, she _(shelter) by the USAThe church gave shelter _ people on winter nights.was shelteredtoThe storm ruined the crops.暴风雨毁坏了庄稼。If you go on like this, youll ruin yourself.如果你继续这样下去，你会毁了你自己。6ruin n& vt.破坏；毁坏in ruins严重受损；破败不堪be redu

19、ced to ruins沦为废墟come/fall into ruin严重受损；破败不堪；崩溃；垮掉bring sth.to ruin使失败；使毁坏ruin oneself自取灭亡ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉The city laid in ruins after the earthquake.地震之后，这座城市变成了一片废墟。damage，destroy，ruindamage，destroy和ruin这三个单词均表示“破坏”“损坏”的意思，但各自的含义和用法不同。damagen.& v通常是指部分性损坏，往往暗示损坏后价值、效率、功能等会降低，有时用于比喻用

20、法中。用作名词时常用于do/cause damage to sth.destroyv.通常指彻底毁掉或毁灭，往往暗示无法或很难修复，有时用于比喻用法中ruinn.& v指彻底毁坏，破坏的原因通常是自然现象、年龄、疏忽等，现多用于比喻用法，在表示真正具体摧毁或破坏某幢建筑物时，通常不用ruin单句语法填空That mistake _(ruin) his chance of getting the job.This country was once proud of its education system.Now it seems to be _ ruins.The Normans built

21、the castle which was reduced _ ruins.选词填空(ruin/damage/destroy)The car was only slightly _ in the accident.They totally _ my life after that conversation.Their house was completely _ in the hurricane.ruinedintodamagedruineddestroyedHe has never recovered from the shock of his fathers death.他一直没有从他爸爸去

22、世的打击中恢复过来。Yes, we are still in shock, but we came.是的，我们仍然感到震惊，但我们来了。I was shocked by the way he treated his own mother.他对待自己母亲的方式令我震惊。We are very shocked to hear that the goods are damaged.得知货物损坏的消息，我们感到非常震惊。7shock n震惊；令人震惊的事；休克vt.(使)震惊in shock震惊；吃惊a shock to sb.令某人震惊的事to ones shock令某人震惊的是shocked ad

23、j.感到震惊的be shocked at/by.对感到震惊be shocked to do sth.震惊地做某事shocking adj.令人震惊的单句语法填空Lincolns death was a piece of surprising news.The whole nation was _(shock) at the sad news.Logans death was pointlessthat was part of the reason we were _ shock.O.Henrys short stories always gave the readers _(shock) en

24、dings.shockedinshocking一句多译听说他的病很严重，我吃了一惊。It gave me quite _ to be told he was seriously ill.I _ that he was seriously ill.a shockwas shocked to hearDuring the fire, he was trapped in the building.火灾发生时，他被困在大楼里。Some people like to trap old people into buying some useless things.有些人喜欢诱骗老年人买些无用的东西。The

25、 police set a trap to catch the thief.警察设下圈套来捉拿窃贼。The two thieves fell into a trap at last.那两个窃贼最终落入了圈套。8trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套n险境；陷阱be trapped under/in.被困于trap o doing sth.诱骗某人干某事set a trap设置陷阱/布下圈套fall into a trap落入圈套单句语法填空They were trapped _ the burning hotel.The fox and the dog both fell into _ tra

26、p set by the farmer.完成句子She had _ him and he had walked straight into it.她给他设下圈套，他就径直钻了进去。The young man _ his poor quality milk.那个年轻人诱骗那位老太太买了他的劣质牛奶。inaset a trap fortrapped the old lady into buyingBury the old world and build a new one.埋葬旧世界，建设新世界。He buried his face in his hands.他双手掩面。His body was

27、buried in snow, but his head was sticking out.他的身体被埋在雪里，但是头伸在外面。Buried in his study, he didnt know that the others had left.他埋头学习，不知道其他人已经离开了。9bury vt.埋葬；安葬；使沉浸；使专心单句语法填空His head was buried _ the book he was reading.一句多译他专心于学习，没有注意到我进来。He _ study and didnt notice me come in.He _ study and didnt noti

28、ce me come in._ study, he didnt notice me come in.inburied himself inwas buried inBuried inThe air was so cold that we could hardly breathe.空气非常寒冷，我们难以呼吸。The doctor asked me to breathe in, then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。10breathe vi.& vt.呼吸breathe (sth.) in吸气；吸入breathe (sth.) out呼气；呼出breat

29、h n呼吸hold ones breath屏住呼吸out of breath气喘吁吁；上气不接下气take a breath歇口气，歇会儿透口气lose ones breath气喘吁吁；上气不接下气breathless adj.喘不过气来的；无风的单句语法填空After climbing that long flight of stairs she was completely out _ breath.They hold _(they) breath when they watched the match.完成句子He _，and then jumped into the pool.他深深吸

30、了一口气，然后跳入池中。They came out of the tunnel and happily _.他们走出地道，愉快地呼吸着新鲜空气。oftheirtook a deep breathbreathed the fresh airThe local clubs are making an effort to attract more young people.地方俱乐部正在努力来吸引更多的年轻人。They spared no effort to improve peoples life.他们不遗余力地改善人民的生活。She took a deep breath and sat up s

31、lowly with great effort.她深吸一口气，费力地慢慢坐起身来。11effort n努力；艰难的尝试；尽力effort表示一般性的努力(即表泛指意义)，通常是不可数名词。Its a waste of time and effort.这是在浪费时间和精力。若强调一次一次具体的努力，通常是可数名词，常与all, these等修饰语连用。All his efforts were of no avail.他的努力都没有用。单句语法填空The prisoner made an effort _(escape), but he couldnt climb the prison wall.

32、_ an effort to honor our relationship, I need to tell you the truth.to escapeIn句型转换They are trying their best to prevent the river from being polluted. They are _ to prevent the river from being polluted. They are _ to prevent the river from being polluted.making every effortsparing no effortMany pe

33、ople are still suffering from starvation.很多人仍然在忍受饥饿之苦。Japan is suffering another disaster because of the nuclear leak.日本因核泄漏正遭受另一场灾难。12suffer vt.遭受；蒙受vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦suffer pain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏suffer from.受折磨；患病suffering n痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事sufferer n患难者；患病者suffer，suffer from(1)suffer后

34、常加的名词多指抽象的损害、痛苦等，如suffer pain/defeat/losses/ the result/side effects“遭受痛苦/失败/损失/(承受)结果/副作用”。(2)suffer from常加具体的不幸或痛苦的名词，表示遭受战争、自然灾害、疾病带来的痛苦。如suffer from hunger/flood/fever/cold/disease“遭受饥饿/洪水/发烧/感冒/患病”。He suffered many defeats before success.成功前他失败了很多次。The child suffers from measles.这个小孩得了麻疹。单句语法填空

35、The old man went through a lot of _(suffer) in the old days. Whats worse, he suffered _ heart attack when he was in his eighties.A lot of money has been collected to help those _(suffer) from the floods.Relief food and clothing should be quickly sent to the _ (suffer) from the great fire.sufferingsf

36、romsufferingsufferers选词填空(suffer/suffer from)Unluckily, he _ a sudden heart failure and died.Within a few days she became seriously ill and _ great pain.suffered fromsufferedThey set up a special committee to look into the matter.他们设立了一个专门的委员会来调查此事。They decided to set up a new school.他们决定建一所新学校。重 点

37、短 语1set up设立；建立set off 出发；动身；开始set out 出发；动身set about (doing sth.) 开始(做某事)单句语法填空Have great changes taken place in your village?Yes.A new school was set _ in the village last year.We set about _(paint) the whole house but finished only the front part that day.uppaintingThe meeting has come to an end.

38、会议已经结束了。Their quarrel came to an end finally.他们的争吵终于结束了。2come to an end结束；终止come to an end的主语是物，不用于被动语态。若表示“使结束”，则用bring sth.to an end。He managed to bring the terrible situation to an end.他设法结束了这种糟糕的局面。be at an end结束at the end of.在的尽头by the end of.到末尾为止(常和完成时连用)reach the end of the line/road穷途末路in t

39、he end最终；最后make ends meet使收支相抵；勉强维持生计单句语法填空Thankfully，I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in _ end.The summer vacation came to _ end at last.用end的相关短语填空They dont realize their school life will _.他们没有意识到他们的学校生活就要结束了。theancome to an endI am going to charge a new dress, and pay

40、for it _ the month.我要去买一件新衣服，并在月底付款。They had achieved their plan _ last month.截止到上个月底，他们已经完成了计划。He failed so many times that _ he gave up hope.他失败的次数太多了，以至于他最终放弃了希望。at the end ofby the end ofin the endFor miles and miles I could see nothing but a great fire and lots of smoke.一连好几英里，除了大火和浓烟我什么也看不见。He

41、 did nothing but sleep all day long.他什么也不干，成天睡觉。I can do nothing but obey it.我只能服从。3nothing but除外什么也没有；只有；仅仅anything but绝不；根本不I was anything but happy about going.我一点也不愿意出去。单句语法填空Under the soil there is nothing _ sand.butTens of thousands of people were watching the game in the stadium when it began

42、 to rain.数以万计的人正在体育馆看比赛，这时天突然下起雨来。4tens of thousands of数以万计的thousand, hundred等前有具体数字时不用复数，后接名词时不用of；但如果是表示不确定的数目，即表示“概数”时，用复数形式，且后跟of。two hundred students 两百名学生hundreds/thousands of.数以百计/千计的dozens of许多；大量scores of许多；大量hundreds of数以百计的thousands of数以千计的millions of数以百万计的hundreds and hundreds of成百上千的hun

43、dreds of thousands of成千上万的单句语法填空Thousands _ people left the countryside to work in the city.ofThey dug out an old vase.他们挖出了一个旧花瓶。I tried to dig out the truth.我设法探出真相。5dig out掘出；发现dig into 挖掘；深入钻研dig up 找出；查明单句语法填空I must remember to dig _ that book for you.out(1)这是由并列连词and连接的两个简单句。(2)too.to.太而不能The

44、wires are too high for children to reach.线太高，孩子们够不着。重 点 句 型1Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.鸡甚至猪都紧张得不敢吃食，狗也拒绝进入建筑物中。He was too ill to travel.他病得太重了，不能远行。Its too hot a day to work.天气太热了，无法工作。too.to.句型在下列情况下表示肯定意义：(1)与某些表示心情的或描述性的形容词连用时，too相当于very

45、，意为“非常”。此类形容词常见的有happy, glad, easy, ready, willing, nervous, good, kind, surprised等。在该用法中，常在too前加上only, but, all, simply或just，用来加强语气。Tom is (only) too glad to help you.汤姆非常乐意帮助你。They are (all) too willing to take the opinions of others.他们都非常愿意接受别人的意见。(2)too前有not, never, cant等否定词修饰时构成双重否定，表示肯定意义，意为“并

46、非太；不会太；再也不过分”。English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不难学。Its never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。You cant be too careful to do your homework.你做作业越仔细越好。单句语法填空The problem is too difficult for the students _ (work) out.翻译句子I am only too willing to have someone to speak to.我能找到人聊聊天，_。I was too excited to

47、fall asleep last night.我昨晚_。I am never too busy to answer your phone call!_!to work我太高兴了太兴奋了没睡着觉我不会忙得不接你的电话as if引导的从句在句中作表语，as if “仿佛；好像”。It seemed as if.意为“看起来好像”。The child talked to us as if he were a grownup.那孩子跟我们谈起话来，像个大人似的。She left the room hurriedly as if she was angry.她匆忙离开了房间，好像很生气的样子。 It l

48、ooks as if it will rain before long.看起来一会儿就要下雨了。2It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!世界末日似乎到了！as ifas though仿佛；好像even ifeven though即使若as if/as though引导的从句可能是真实的事情或情况时，用陈述语气；若与事实相反或不符，通常用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去时，be动词用were；表示与过去事实相反时，从句谓语动词用过去完成时；表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用would/could/might动词原形。(1)as

49、 if/as though 引导表语从句。The clouds are gathering.It looks as if it is going to rain.乌云密布，天看起来像要下雨了。It looks as if the sky were falling down.天看起来好像要塌下来似的。(2)as if/as though 引导方式状语从句。He talks as if he were the owner of the world.(与现在事实相反，be动词用were)他说起话来好像他主宰这个世界似的。He talks as if he had been to the moon.(

50、与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去完成时)他说起话来好像他去过月球似的。She talks and talks as if she would never stop.(与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用would动词原形)她说呀说呀，好像永远也说不完。(3)as if引导方式状语从句时可用省略形式，后面接名词、形容词、副词和介词短语，也可跟分词或不定式。He talks as if a philosopher.他说起话来就好像是一个哲学家似的。The lady cried and laughed as if mad.这位女士哭了又笑，好像疯了。Tom dropped his head and di

51、dnt dare say a word, as if not knowing the answer.汤姆低垂着头不敢说话，好像不知道答案。He talks as if drunk.从他谈话的样子来看，他像是醉了。Tom opened his mouth as if to say something.汤姆张开嘴好像要说什么。单句语法填空What a noise! I can hardly stand it.It sounds _ if they are having a party next door.The man we followed suddenly stopped as if _(se

52、e) whether he was going in the right direction.asto seeShe looks as if she _(be) ten years younger.He talked about London as if he _(be) there.He opened his mouth as if he _(say) something.完成句子It seemed _ he had known the fact already.他好像早已知道事实了。werehad beenwould sayas if/though(1)Thousands of children were left without