If引导的两种从句(宾语从句和条件状语从句)if引导的

1、重点、难点含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中主从句的时态。If引导的宾语从句与条件状语从句的区别。考情分析通常在单项选择、完形填空或补全、完成句子等题型中考查，分值约34分。知能提升知识讲解【认知讲解】I.if引导的宾语从句if引导宾语从句时，意思为：是否，从句的时态通常要和主句保持一致。【例句】Iwanttoknowifhelivesthere.我想知道他是否住在那儿。HeaskedmeifIcouldhelphim.他问我是否能帮他。【考查点】if、whether引导的宾语从句的区别if或whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，常放在动词ask、see、say、know和findou

2、t等后面。一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。【例句】Nobodyknowswhether/ifitwillraintomorrow.没有人知道明天是否下雨。Lucyaskedwhether/iftheyhadacottonsweater.露西问他们是否有棉制的毛衣。if或whether引导宾语从句时，要注意三个方面，即连词、语序和时态。if或whether既不能和that或其他连词(副词)同时使用，也不能省略。【例句】我不知道他今天是否会来。误Idontknowthatif(whether)hewillcomeheretoday.正Idontknowif(whether)hewill

3、comeheretoday.他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病。误Hecametoseewhatif(whether)therewasanythingwrongwithhiscat.正Hecametoseeif(whether)therewasanythingwrongwithhiscat.if或whether引导宾语从句时，虽具有疑问的意义，但其从句应用陈述句的语序。【例句】Didyouknowthewaytothehospital?Theoldwomanaskedme.Theoldwomanaskedmeif/whetherIknewthewaytothehospital.老妇人问我是否知道去医院

4、的路。if或whether引导的宾语从句应和主句的时态保持一致。即主句为一般现在时，从句用任一种时态；主句为一般过去时，从句则用过去时中的任一种时态。【例句】Idontknowif(whether)hehascomehere.我不知道他是否来过这儿。Tomaskedif(whether)Ihadreadthebook.汤姆问我是否看过这本书。3.只能用whether的情况在动词不定式之前只能用whether：【例句】Icantdecidewhethertostay.我不能决定是否留下。在whether.ornot的固定搭配中：【例句】Iwanttoknowwhetheritsgoodnewso

5、rnot.我想知道它是不是好消息。在介词后，只能用whether：【例句】Hisfatherisworriedaboutwhetherheloseshiswork.他的父亲担心他是否会失去工作。用if会引起歧义时：【例句】Couldyoutellmeifyouknowtheanswer?这句话有两种意思：“你能告诉我你是否知道答案吗？”或“如果你知道答案，请告诉我，好吗？”。如用whether则可避免歧义。【考题链接】Idontknowtheycouldpasstheexamornot.A.whyB.ifC.thatD.whether答案：D解题思路：本题考查if与whether的区别，在wh

6、ether.ornot的固定搭配中通常只用whether。II.if引导的条件状语从句含义条件状语从句是在复合句中作条件状语的句子。表示假如有从句的动作发生就会有主句的动作发生，条件状语从句常由从属连词if引导。【例句】Youwillcatchthebusifyougetupearly.如果你早起的话，就能赶上公共汽车。类别主祈从现：主句是祈使句，从句是由if引导的使用一般现在时的句子。【例句】Ifyouwanttogo，pleasetellme.如果你想去，请告诉我。Printthephotoifyoulikeit.如果你喜欢这照片就把它打印出来。主将从现：指if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在

7、时，主句用一般将来时。【例句】Ifitdoesntraintomorrow,wellgototheGreatWall.如果明天不下雨，我们就会去长城。Ifyoudontgetupearly,youwillbelateforschool.如果你不早点起床，你上学就会迟到。if引导的条件状语从句用法：（1）位置if引导的条件状语从句，既可放在主句之前也可放在主句之后。当从句置于主句之前时,常用逗号与主句隔开。【例句】Youwillcatchthebusifyougetupearly.=Ifyougetupearly,youwillcatchthebus.如果你早起的话，就能赶上公共汽车。（2）时态

8、应遵循主、从句时态呼应的原则。当主句是一般现在时（包含祈使句和含情态动词can,may,must等的句子），从句也用一般现在时。【例句】Youmustseethedoctorifyouareill.如果你生病了，你必须去看医生。Ifyouwanttogoskating,wearwarmclothes.如果你想去溜冰，穿上暖和的衣服。如果主句是一般将来时，从句必须用一般现在时。【例句】Youwillbelateforschoolifyougetuplate.如果你起晚了，你上学将迟到。Ifitrainstomorrow,wewontgototheGreatWall.如果明天下雨，我们就不去长城了

9、。（3）在if引导的条件状语从句中，当主句是一般将来时时，不能使用begoingto结构,而要用will。【例句】IllhelpyouwithyourEnglishifIamfreetomorrow.如果明天我有空，我会帮助你学英语。（4）在if引导的条件状语从句中不能使用some，而要用any。【例句】Ifyouhaveanyquestionstoask,pleasecometomyoffice.如果你有问题要问的话，请到我办公室来。（5）同义句转换if引导的条件状语从句可转换成简单句，其方法如下：*借助“祈使句+and/or+简单句”结构。其中and表示句意顺承，or表示句意转折。【例句】

10、Ifyouworkhard,youllpasstheexam.=Workhard,andyoullpasstheexam.如果你努力学习，你就会通过考试。Ifyoudonthurryup,youllbelate.=Hurryup,oryoullbelate.如果你不快点，你将会迟到。*借助介词with或without来转换。【例句】Ifyouhelpme,Illfinishmyjobsoon.=Withyourhelp,Illfinishmyjobsoon.如果你帮我，我将很快完成我的工作。Ifthereisnowater,fishmaydie.=Fishmaydiewithoutwater.

11、如果没有水，鱼可能会死。另外，if从句还表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，即一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去时或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。【例句】IfIwereyou，Iwouldinvitehimtotheparty如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。IwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetraffic要不是交通堵塞，我会来得更早一些。4.口诀：if条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；条件句，放在前，逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。III.If引导的宾语从句和条件状

12、语从句的区别if引导条件状语从句时意为“如果”引导宾语从句时意为“是否”可用whether替换。【例句】1）Wewillgooutifitisfinetomorrow.如果明天天好，我们就出去。2）Idontknowifthetrainhasarrived.我不知道火车是否已经到达。句1）中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”句2）中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词dontknow的宾语。【考题链接】Idontknowhewillcometomorrow.hecomes,Illtellyouif;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If答案：D解

13、题思路：第一个空处为宾语从句的引导词，用if、whether都可以；第二个空为条件状语从句的引导词，需用if，综合考虑，D项正确。（二）提分技巧熟练掌握if引导的宾语从句与条件状语从句的特点。熟知if引导的宾语从句与条件状语从句引导词的区别。（三）即学即练I.句型转换Dotheywantfriedchicken?Heaskedtheboys.（改为宾语从句）Heaskedtheboystheyfriedchicken.WasthewatchmadeinShanghai?Idontknow.(改为宾语从句)IdontknowthewatchmadeinShanghai.“Doyouwanttot

14、rysomethingnew?Tomsmotheraskedhim.(同义句转换)Tomsmotheraskedhimtotrysomethingnew.答案：1.if/whether,wanted2.if/whether,was3.if/whetherhewanted用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空Ifit(notrain)tomorrow,(let)usgoshopping.Please(tell)meifyou(go).Ifyou(be)ill,you(have)toseethedoctor.I(leave)forBeijingifit(notsnow)thisafternoon.答案：1

15、.doesntrain,let2.tell,go3.are,have4.willleave,doesntsnow将下列句子翻译成英语。如果明天不下雨，我就和同学们去野餐。如果周日你去购物的话，我就去。如果你想减肥(loseweight)，就锻炼身体吧。如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？如果可能的话，我就去火车站接你。答案：Ifitdoesntraintomorrow,Iwillhaveapicnicwithmyclassmates.IwillgoshoppingonSundayifyoudo.Takesomeexerciseifyouwanttoloseweight.Ifwintercomes,ca

16、nspringbefarbehind?If(itis)possible,Illmeetyouatthetrainstation.下学期期中复习（一）一、预习新知Module1-Module5重点基础知识二、预习点拨思考问题一：能否先把这5个模块的重点单词、短语、语法整理一下?思考问题二：我们已经学习了哪些语法？哪些还是你比较薄弱的？（答题时间：45分钟）、用所给动词的适当形式填空。Ifyou(feel)tired,you(have)tohavearest.Wherehe(see)thefilmifhe(have)time?Ifthere(be)fewertrees,there(be)morep

17、ollution.He(dress)morecasuallyifhe(notwork)onweekends.IfMarcia(live)alone,she(keep)apetparrot.Lana(buy)anewdressiftheoldone(be)outofstyle.Thetwins(fight)ifthey(argue).I(have)abakesaleifI(need)moneyforeducation.Peter(send)meabeautifulsouvenirifhe(tour)Spain.IfMrGreen(say)Iamhard-working,myparents(fee

18、l)glad.11.I(go)tothebeachifit(notrain)thisweek.they(have)amatchiftheP.E.teacher(be)busy?He(write)alettertohisgrandparentsifhe(get)hisreportcardthisweek.Ifshe(get)uplate,she(notcatch)theearlybus.Peter(major)inEnglishifhe(pass)theexamsinPekingUniversity.二、完成句子(每空一词)。1.如果你要过马路，不要乱跑。aroundifyoucrossther

19、oad.明天如果下雨的话，我们将呆在家里。Weathomeifittomorrow.如果你能说好英语的话，你就可以容易地与外国人交谈。IfyoucanEnglishwell,youforeignerseasily.如果你对别人好，人们也会对你好。Ifyourenicetopeople,theytoyou,too.如果学生不对考试如此担心的话，他们会更开心的。Ifstudentsdontworryaboutexamssomuch,they.他如果电视看太多了，他的父母会不高兴。IfheTVtoomuch,hisparentsunhappy.如果我们为他组织生日聚会，大家都会来的。Everyone

20、ifweabirthdaypartyhim.如果明天不下雨，我会和你一起去公园的。Ifittomorrow,Igototheparkyou.如果他有空，他会帮助你的。Ifhe,heyou.如果Tom考试不及格，他就没有机会上高中了。Tomhavethetogototheseniorhighschoolifhetheexams.三、同义句转换。1.Studyhard,oryouwontpasstheexam.Ifyoustudyhard,youtheexam.2.Takeataxi,andyoullcatchthetrain.youataxi,youllcatchthetrain.Ifyougo

21、tobedearly,youwontfeeltiredinthemorning.early,youwontfeeltiredinthemorning.Ifyoudontworkhard,yourteacherwillprobablybeangry.,yourteacherwillprobablybeangry.Breathedeeplyforoneminute,andyoullfeelrelaxed.youdeeplyforoneminute,yourelaxed.四、阅读下面的广告，然后用“if.,.will.”的句式回答问题。TravelBrochureCheapCheapCheap.Be

22、ijingfortheweekend.3D/2N.BookNow.FiveStarHotelSave50%FourStarHotelSave40%ThreeStarHotelSave30%BookbeforeDecember31st.BreakfastIncluded.CityTour50RMB.VisittheGreatWall100RMB.HowmuchwillyousaveifyoustayattheFourStarHotel?HowmuchwillyousaveifyoustayattheThreeStarHotel?WhatwillhappenifyoubookafterDecemb

23、er31st?HowmuchwillyouhavetopayifyouwanttogoontheCityTour?HowmuchwillyouhavetopayifyouwanttovisittheGreatWall?A.willgoB.went2.Itwillbealongtime_Peterhiswork.A.since,hasfinishedB.after,finishes3.WhatwillfatherusfromJapan?A.takeB.bring4.Weifangisfamous_kites.A.forB.to五、单项选择1.Ifyoutotheparty,youllhaveag

24、reattime.Ihertheanswerifsheme.A.cantell,willaskB.willtell,willaskWhatareyougoingtodotomorrow?Wellgotothelibrarytomorrowifit_.A.isntrainB.rainC.goD.goingC.when,willfinishD.before,finishesC.carryD.makeC.onD.withC.wouldtell,askD.willtell,asksC.wontrainD.doesntrain7.Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow?S

25、orry,Idontknow.Whenheback,Illtellyou.D.maycomeD.willgoD.muchtooA.comesB.willcomeC.come&Whatwillyoudoifyoutotheoldfolkshomevisit?A.goB.wentC.goingIfIeatfood,Illbeveryfat.A.toomanyB.manytooC.toomuchIllgivethebooktohimifheherenextSunday.A.willcomeB.comesC.iscomingD.cameThereanEnglishfilminourschooltomo

26、rrow.A.isgoingtohaveB.willhaveC.isgoingtobeD.hasCouldyoutelluswherewillthenextOlympicGamesheldthenextOlympicGameswillbeheldwouldthenextOlympicGamesbeheldD.thenextOlympicGameswouldbeheldWhenmymotherreturnedlastnight,IA.readB.amreadingWhatyouwhenitbegantorain?A.do,doB.were,doingIllwakeyouupwhenheback.A.willB.isgoingtocomeabook.C