高中代词详解与改错练习

1、代词一、人称代词、物主代词与反身代词1.人称代词主格：主语宾格：宾语、表语或同位语。宾格要与所指代的人称保持一致。Wehavedoneourbest.HehelpedmewithmyEnglish.在口语中，当人称代词独立用于不带谓语的句子中作主语时，常用宾格；当人称代词用于带有强烈感情色彩的句子中作主语时且其后不带宾语，多用宾格。-Iwanttogotothecinematonight.-Me,too.2.物主代词onesow+n名词=名词+ofonesown“完全属于自己的,自己的Theoldmanhasagardenofhisown.=Theoldmanhashisowngarden.H

2、esawtheaccidentwithhisowneyes.名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词名词性物主代词只能单独使用，不能做定语。Yourbookisonthedesk.Thisismine.3.反身代词反身代词是动作的发出者把动作反射到发出者本人，因此反身代词与它指代的名词或代词形成互指关系。Theywentoutforawalkandenjoyedthemselves.改错：Ourneighborsgaveusababybirdyesterdaythathurtitwhenitfellfromitsnest.Treatyourselftoaglassofwinetohelpyour

3、elaxattheendoftheday.AmancallinghimRobertcalledyouthismorningwhenyouwereout.Someofthestampsbelongtome,whiletherestarehisandher.Thereatthedoorstoodagirlaboutthesameheightasme.Tosaveclasstime,ourteacherhaswestudentstodohalfoftheexercisesinclassandcompletetheotherhalfforourhomework.-Susan,goandjoinyour

4、sistercleaningtheyard.-WhyI?Johnissittingtheredoingnothing.二替代词it,one和that1.it指代上文出现过的同一人或事物，复数形式：they/themSheboughtanewbook,shelikeditverymuch.2.it指代不知性别或不明身份的人常用于口语或非正式文体中-Whoisknockingatthedoor?-Itmightbethepostman.3.one=a/an+单数指代与前面出现的同名异物的单数可数名词，表泛指用one;ones为其复数形式。IlostmypenandIwanttobuyanewone

5、.4.that=the+单数名词/不可数名词those=the+可数名词复数one与that都可指同类异物的单数可数名词，区别在于：1one泛指,复数形式onesthat特指,复数形式thoseTheweatherhereiscolderthanthatofQingdao.改错：StudyingWendysmenu,IfoundthatmanyoftheitemsaresimilartothoseofMcDonalds.Oneofthemostimportantquestiontheyhadtoconsiderwasthatofpublichealth.Nineintenparentssaid

6、thereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwithwhichoftheirparents.Carsdocauseussomehealthyproblemsinfactfarmoreseriousonethanmobilephonesdo.Ifyourebuyingtodayspaperfromthestand,couldyougetitforme?Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandseewhoheis.Ilikethishousewithabeaut

7、ifulgardeninfront,butIdonthaveenoughmoneytobuyone.Beingaparentisnotalwayseasy,andbeingtheparentofachildwithspecialneedsoftencarrywithitextrastress.三不定代词1.one,theother(两者中的)一个,另一个other+复数/不可数名词，意味“另外的，其他的，泛指。Theboyhastwopens.Oneisblackandtheotherisblue.IgotthestoryfromTomandsomeotherpeoplewhohadworke

8、dwithhim.2.some,others(不确定X围)一些,另一些some,theothers(不确定X围)一些,其余的others别的，泛指别的人或物，不可作定语；theothers其余的特指别的人或物，不可作定语Somestudentsareplayingfootball,andothersareplayingbasketball.Iwentswimmingwhiletheothersplayedtennis.3.oneanother(三者以上中的)一个,另一个another表示不确定X围内的“另一，再一，又一可单独使用，也可修饰单数名词；当后接“数词或few+复数名词时，表示在原有根

9、底上需要“更多数量的东西。Idontlikethisone.Pleaseshowmeanother.Weneedanothertwodaystofinishthetask.4.both,either,neither(二者)both两者都either用于肯定句中，“或者与or搭配;用于否认句，表示对两者的否认neither两者都不，常与nor搭配，谓三Bothofthemareteachers.Neitherofhisbrotherslikessports.-Whichwouldyoulike,teaorcoffee?-Eitherwilldo.5.none,all,noone(三者及以上)no

10、ne全否“没有人/物，谓语单复数均可；可与of连用。noone全否“没有人all全肯“所有人/物。指事物的整体或抽象概念时，谓三；Noneofthemknowswhattodonext.Iknowthatalliswellwithher.Noonecanworkoutthatproblem.6.some,any2some一些，多用于肯定句；用于表请求的疑问句中，表希望得到肯定的答复。any常用于否认句、疑问句中，用于肯定句中，表示“任何一个MayIasksomequestions?Ifthereisanytrouble,turntomeforhelp.改错：Manypeoplehavedona

11、tedthattypeofblood;however,thebloodbankneedssome.-WhichofthethreewaysshallItaketothevillage?-Everywayasyouplease.Itiseasytodotherepair.Allyouneedareahammerandsomenails.IhadtobuyallthesebooksbecauseIdidntknowwhichonewasthebest.Mybrotherwouldliketobuyagoodwatchbutnothingwasavailablefromthatshop.-Which

12、ofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?-ActuallyIdidntlikeneitherofthem.ItwashardforhimtolearnEnglishinafamily,inwhichbothoftheparentsspokethelanguage.ToknowmoreabouttheBritishMuseumyoucanusetheInternetorgotothelibrary,orall.Themanagerbelievespriceswillnotrisebymorethananotherfivepercents.Noprogresswasma

13、deinthetradetalkasneithersidewouldaccepttheconditionsoftheothers.四.复合不定代词1.everything,something,anything,nothingeverything一切事情，强调整体something某事，某物；somethinglike+数字，意为“左右anything肯定句中强调个体，意为“任何事物，在否认句中表“某些事物nothing“没有事物Theydoeverythingtohelpus.Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Nothingcanpreventusfromget

14、tingthere.-Haveyoufiguredouthowmuchthetripwillcost?-$3,000,orsomethinglikethat.2.anyone,someone,everyoneanyone=anybody任何人，强调个体someone=somebody某个人everyone=everybody所有人，强调整体Anyonethinksso.Thereissomeoneonthetelephoneforyou.Ifeveryoneishere,thenwecanstart.改错：Themajorhasofferedarewardof$6,000tosomeonewh

15、ocancapturethetigeraliveordead.Wehaventenoughbooksforanyone;someofyouwillhavetoshare.ImadesomuchchangesinmycompositionthatonlyIcouldreadit.Toeveryoneelse,itwashardtomakeout.Jimsoldmostofhisthings.Hehashardlynothingleftinthehouse.Thebookisofgreatvalue.Everythingcanbeenjoyedunlessyoudigestit.Makesurey

16、ouvegotthepassportsandticketsandeverythingbeforeyouleave.五it的用法常用之句式31.it作为非人称代词，常表示天气、日期、时间、距离、温度等。Itgetcolderandcolder.Howfarisitfromyourofficetothelibrary?2.it作形式主语、形式宾语Itisanhonorformetobeinvitedtospeakhere.Ifounditpleasanttoworkwithhim.3.It+be+被强调局部+that该句型强调句子的主语、宾语、状语等成分。被强调局部是人时，that可换成who,其

17、他一律用that.在含有notuntil的句子在进展强调时，需将not与until一起提前到被强调局部。ItwasattheschoolgatethatImethim.Itwasnotuntilmidnightthathecameback.4.It+be+adj.+forsb.+todosth.It+be+adj.+ofsb.+todosth.Itisfoolishofyoutobelievesuchaperson.5.It+be+nouse/nogood+doing做是没用的/没有好处的Itisnogoodlivingalonewithoutkeepingintouchwithothers.

18、6.It+be+过去分词.+that从句say,believe,prove,report,require等常用于此句型。Itisreportedthattherainwillcontinuetomorrow.7.It+某些动词+that从句appear,seem,happen等常用于此句型Itseemsthathehasknowneverything.8.It+be+onesturntodosth轮到某人做某事Itisyourturntobeonduty.Whoseturnisittocleantheclassroom?9.It+be(high)timeforsthIt+be(high)timeforsbtodosthIt+be(high)timethatsb