八年级（下册）英语语法

1、38/38八年级下册英语语法总结八年级下册英语语法总结Unit6 Fun Cycling Topic1 Were going on a spring field trip 一. 重点词汇 ( 一 ) 词形转换: 1.discuss(名词) discussion 2.queen(对应词) king 3 fortable(名词) comfort 4.safely (形容词) safe (名词) safety ( 二 ) 词的辨析 1. find out / look for / find 2. cost / pay for / spend on 3. other /else 4. raise /r

2、ise 5.each /every 6.exciting / excited (三)重点词组: 1.go on a visit to 去旅行 2. make the decision 做决定 3.bring back 带回 4.go on a field trip 去野外旅行 5.decide on (upon) sth 对某事做出决定 6 see the sunrise 看日出 7. make a reservation 预订 8. come up with 想出（主意） 9. look forward to (doing) sth 期望 10. pay for 支付；赔偿 11. rais

3、e money 筹钱 12. book a ticket 订票 13. make a room for sb 为订房间 14. have a wonderful time 玩得愉快 15. in the daytime 在白天 16. a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 17.find out 查出 18. some places of interest 名胜 19. rooms with bathtub 带浴室的房间 20a hard (soft) sleeper 硬（软）卧 21.my pleasure 不客气 二重点句型与重点语言点 1. I have some exciti

4、ng news to tell you. 我有一些激动人心的消息要告诉你们。 to tell you 是动词不定式短语， 作定语。动词不定式作定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后。如： I have nothing to talk about. He has a lot of work to do. 2. Sounds great!= It sounds great! 听起来不错。 3. We will go on a two-day visit to Mount Tai. 我们将要去泰山玩两天。 go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 They went to a visit to E

5、gypt last year. 类似有：go on a trip / go on a picnic a two-day visit 为期两天的旅行 a two-month holiday 两个月的假期 an eighteen-year-old boy 一个18岁的男孩 4Its hard to say. 这很难说。To say 是动词不定式作主语，It 是形式主语。 如： Its nice to meet you. 5. Ill ask the airline on the phone. 我将打 问问航空公司。同义句是： Ill phone and ask the airline. 6. Br

6、ing back your information to class tomorrow and well decide on the best way to go on our field trip. 明天把你们查到的信息带到班上来，然后我们来决定最好的郊游方式。 bring back 带回。Please bring back your library books tomorrow. decide on/upon sth 决定，选定 Were trying to decide on a school. 7.Its too far for cycling. 骑自行车去路太远了。同义句是：It t

7、oo far to cycle there. 8.How long does it take to reach Mount Tai by？乘去泰山要花多长时间？ 9How much does it cost to go there ?去那里要花多少钱？ How much does a standard room cost ? 一个标准间的价格是多少？ 10.We have tickets at 120 yuan for the hard sleeper and 180 yuan for the soft sleeper. 我们的票价是硬卧120元，软卧是180元。 at 意为“以”，一般用于表

8、示价格，年龄，速度等词的前面，for 意为“供，适合于”。Ive got tickets at 80 yuan for The Sound of Music. 11.Id like to book 20 tickets for the hard sleeper. 我要预订20张硬卧票。 20 tickets for the hard sleeper= 20 hard sleeper tickets book tickets 预订票 book a room for sb/sth 为预订房间 e.g. We want to book some rooms for 14th. 我们想预订一些14号的

9、房间。 12Please pay for the tickets before 5:30 p.m. 请在下午5：30之前付款。 Pay for 支付 pay for sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事 e.g. Her parents paid for her to go to America.她的父母支付她去美国的费用. 13. I want to make a hotel reservation. 我想预订房间。 make a reservation 预订 14. We have rooms with a bathtub 我们有带浴缸的房间。 with 有或带着 a house w

10、ith a swimming pool a standard room with two single beds 15.Its very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. 在加拿大和美国的学校里筹钱是很正常的。raise money 筹钱 We can raise the money ourselves. 16.It costs each student one dollar to buy a ticket for the draw.每一个学生花一美元便可买到一张抽奖的票。 (1)each 作主语，谓语用单数 Eac

11、h of the students spends one dollar buying a ticket. （2）用于单数名词前，作定语，谓语用单数。Each student has their own e-mail address. (3)用于复数主语后，作主语同位语，谓语用复数。They each have their own e-mail address. 17. I am looking forward to hearing from you . 我盼望收到你的来信。 Look forward to 盼望，期待 They are looking forward to solving th

12、e problem. 三.重点语法 动词不定式 （1） 动词不定式常跟这些与物动词之后，want ,refuse, forget, need , try, learn , like, agree, help, hope ,decide, begin等。可用顺口溜（要想拒绝忘记，需要努力学习，喜欢同意帮助，希望决定开始） （2） 不定式的否定形式是在to的前面直接加not. My mother decided not to buy a computer for me. （3） 不定式可以和疑问词who , which ,when, where ,how, what等连用。 Can you tel

13、l me what to say at the meeting ? I dont know how to get to the station. （4） 本topic出现的句子有： I have some exciting news to tell you. I want to make a hotel reservation. It is very common to raise money in Canadian and American schools. The best way to raise money is to sell newspapers. I think the most

14、 exciting way is to sell flowers in the evening. Kangkang helped us to book the train tickets. Topic2 How about exploring the Ming Tombs ? 一、重点词汇： （一）词形转换： 1.explore(名词) explore 2. east (形容词) eastern 3.north(形容词) northern 4. push (反义词) pull 5.sadly(形容词) sad (名词) sadness 6. crowd (形容词) crowded （二）重点词

15、组: 1.make a plan 拟定计划 2. make sure 确信，确保 3. come along with 和一起来 4. at the foot of 在的脚下 5. be surprised at 对感到惊奇 6. be satisfied with 对感到满意 7. out of sight 看不见 8. step on ones toes 踩着某人的脚 9. cant help doing sth 忍不住做某事 10. spread over 分布于 11.rush out 冲出去 12.raise ones head 抬头 13.ask sb for help 向某人求助

16、 14.thank goodness 谢天谢地 二 重点句型与重点语言点 1. While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams.当你在旅行时， 我正忙于准备考试。 (1)be busy doing sth,/ be busy with sth 忙于做某事 Im busy preparing for my birthday party these days. (2)while 当时候，引导时间状语从句。当一个动作在正在进行时，另一个动作也同时进行。While my mother was cooking ,

17、I was watching TV. 2.Would you help me plan a trip ? 请你帮我定个旅行计划好吗？ Would you 比will you 语气更加客气，委婉, 类似还有could you Could you come along with us ? 3. They surveyed the area to make sure their tombs faced south and had mountains at the back. 他们仔细勘测了整个区域，确保这些陵墓是坐北朝南，而且在背后有群山环绕。 make sure 确信，确保 Make sure a

18、ll the windows are closed before you leave. 4.Its about two and a half hours by bike. 骑自行车大约要2个半小时。 Two and a half hours = two hours and a half 5.Its to the east of Yongling. 它在永陵的东面。 to the +方位词+of (表示互不接壤) Japan is to the east of China. on the +方位词+of (表示相互接壤)Fujian is on the south of Zhejang . in

19、 the +方位词+of 表示在某一范围内的地区 Beijing is in the north of China. 6.They walked into Dingling and were surprised at the wonders. 他们走进定陵，对那里的奇观感到很惊奇。 be surprised at 对感到很惊奇 He is surprised at dragons. be surprised to do sth 惊奇地做某事 She was surprised to find she was lost. 7.so they had to look for space to pa

20、rk their bikes 他们不得不寻找停自行车的地方 space 空间 Can you make space for this old man ? 8. While the crowd was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes. 当人群从四面八方挤来时，有人踩了他的脚。 in ones direction 朝着某人的方向 step on ones toes踩了某人的脚 step on sth 踩某物 Dont step on the flowers and grass. 9.When he f

21、inally rushed out of the crowd, he noticed his friends were both out of sight. 当他最后冲出人群时，他注意到他的两个朋友都不见了。 notice sb do sth 注意某人做了某事 notice sb doing sth注意某人正在做某事 10. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily. 三个男孩一见面，就高兴得跳了起来。 as soon as 引导时间状语从句 意为“一就” He left as soon as he

22、 heard the news. Ill tell him as soon as I see him. 11.He didnt raise his head until someone called his name. 直到有人喊他的名字，他才抬起头。 not until 直到才 12.They were so lovely that we couldnt help playing with them. 它们太可爱了，我们禁不住和它们一起玩。 cant help doing sth 忍不住做某事 When I heard the funny news, I couldnt help laugh

23、ing. 13. I am satisfied with everything in China. 我对在中国的一切感到满意。 be satisfied with 对感到满意 He is satisfied with my work. 14. We even asked the guard for help. 我们甚至向保安寻求帮助。 ask sb for help 向某人求助 The lost boy asked the police for help. 三.重点语法 时间状语从句 1。引导词： （1） when, while , as 当时候. when 后可跟短暂性动词也可跟延续性动词；

24、while 后跟延续性动词；as 多用于口语，强调同一时间，或一前一后。 The students were talking in the classroom when the teacher came in. = While the students were talking in the classroom , the teacher came in. 学生在教室里谈话时，老师进来了。 Mother always sings as she cooks dinner for us. 妈妈总是边给我们做饭边唱歌。 （2）not until 直到才，主句谓语动词常用短暂性动词。 I wont l

25、eave here until the rain stops. He didnt sleep until his mother came back home. (3) after 在之后，before 在之前，as soon as 一就 I went to sleep after I finished my homework.= I finished my homework before I went to sleep. As soon as the bell rings , the students will go into the classroom. 2. 时态 （1）当主句为一般过去时

26、时，从句常用过去的某种时态。 While I was doing my homework , the telephone rang. (2)当主句的时态为一般将来时， 从句用一般现在时。 I will call you as soon as I get to Beijing. 本topic出现的句子有： 1.While you were enjoying your trip, I was busy preparing for my exams. 2.He didnt raise his head until someone called his name. 3.While the crowd

27、was pushing him in different directions, someone stepped on his toes. .4. As soon as the three boys saw each other, they all jumped up happily. 5.After they rode their bikes for two and a half hours, Kangkanf , Michael and Darren arrived at the Ming Tombs. 6.As they were exploring happily, the crowd

28、 became larger and larger. Topic3 Bicycles are popular with people 一、重点词汇： （一）词形转换： 1. death (动词) die (形容词 )dead 2 slow (副词) slowly 3.crossing（动词）cross 介词） across 4. success（动词）succeed (形容词successful 5Pain (形容词) painful 6. lead (名词) leader 7.final (副词) finally 8impossible (反义词) possible 9 courage （动

29、词） encourage （二）重点词组: 1Slow down 减速 2. run into 撞到 3. avoid doing sth 避免 防止做某事 4. warn sb to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事 5. ride into 进入 跻身于 6 get used to (doing) 习惯于做某事 7. a sharp turn 急转弯 8. be popular with 受的欢迎 9. get a fine 处以罚金 10. go on doing sth 继续做某事 11. the way to success 成功之路 12. obey the traffic ru

30、les 遵守交通规则 13.break the traffic rules 违反交通规则 14. be afraid of doing sth 害怕做某事 15.be famous for 因闻名 16. be in danger 处于危险中 17.after a while 一会儿 二 重点句型与重点语言点 1I think traffic in Beijing is crazy. 我认为的交通很拥堵。 traffic 是不可数名词 2. If people obey the traffic rules , there will be fewer accidents. 如果人们都遵守交通规则

31、，交通事故将会减少。 If we break the traffic rules, it will be dangerous and we will get a fine.如果人们违反交通规则，将很危险，我们会受到处罚的。 这是if 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。 3I feel a little more confident. 我感到自信多了。 more confident 是比较级 4. It can help us save energy and avoid pollution. 这样可以节约能源以与避免空气污染。 avoid sth / doing sth 避免

32、做某事 You should avoid making the mistake like that. He ran into the wall to avoid hitting the truck. 5.Bicycles are popular with people. 自行车深受人们欢迎。 Be popular with 受欢迎 6 It warns us to be more careful. Warn sb (not)to do sth 警告/提醒某人做某事 He warned her to keep silence. Warn sb about sth 提醒某人某事 7.Most pe

33、ople think bicycles are much safer than any other vehicle.大部分人认为自行车比其他交通工具要安全些。 8.However, his way to success didnt go well. 然而，他的成功之路并非一帆风顺。 The way to success 成功之路 success in doing sth 在成功 I didnt have much success in finding a job. 我找工作没什么结果。 9Like the other challenges in his life, Lance faced it

34、 head-on. 像面对生命中其他挑战一样，兰斯迎头面对。 10It seems impossible to beat him. 打败他似乎是不可能的。 beat sb 打败某人 win a game /match/ a gold medal It seems +adj+to do sth 做某事似乎 She always seems to be sad. 三.重点语法 条件状语从句 1.条件状语从句由if（如果），unless(除非)等 引导的，谓语动词常用一般现在时表示将来，主句用一般将来时。 主句 if从句 Will (must, should, may) 一般现在时 如：I wont

35、 go if he doesnt go . We will pass the exam if we study hard. We wont pass the exam unless we study hard. 2. 祈使句+and/or 引导的结果句，祈使句在意义上相当于条件状语从句。 如：Hurry up, or youll be late.= If you dont hurry up, youll be late.=Youll be late unless you hurry up. Study hard, and you will pass the exam.= If you stud

36、y hard, you will pass the exam. 八年级下英语复习题Module 11,My hobby is _(collect)old coins. I _(collect)them since I was a chlid.2,What should I do _ (make) you _(happy)?3,The sclentist _(对感兴趣)_(make )a smaller computer.4,I have _(重要的事) _ (tell) you.5,As a student , we should _ (尽力不要)be late _ school.6,This

37、 piece of music _ (听起来) really beautiful.7,I think _ is boring _ (stay) at home all day.8,We try our best _ (do ) _ things with _ money.9,The book _(write ) by him _(出版) many times.10,He liked _(play) the guitar, and I enjoyed _ (watch) him _ (play).11,He spent all his time _(play) games,_(结果) he fa

38、iled the exam.12,Your books _(占用) too much space,please _(收拾好).Module 21,I can often hear the little girl _ ( sing) in the next room.2, I still remember _(talk) with her last summer,but I forgot _ (send) her an email this summer.3,Uncle Wang said that he _ (arrive) _ the station _the morning of June

39、 10th.4,He likes _(play)football,but he doesnt like _ (play ) this afternoon.5,He spends half an hour _(practise) _ (speak ) English.6,I _ (not invite) _ (come) to the party yesterday.7,I dont know _ it _(rain) tomorrow.8,She asked _(为什么我妹妹在哭)。9,Can you tell me _(他住在哪里)?10，_（事实上），he _（害怕）_（交朋友）.11,

40、_（在那时）I _(not feel)like _(eat ) anything.12,I cant declde _(买那辆自行车)Module 3-41,Wed like _(thank) you _ _(take) us _ the city.2,It seemed that they _(speak) to me _(当面)3,My sister _(要) a job in a factory.4,Keep _(study) ,_ you _ (make ) progress.5,My mother was _(准备) the food while I_ (为做准备)the exam.

41、6,Its important _ us _ (learn) English well.7,If your camera_(坏了),_(去) our website.8,If you want _(get ) _(信息),Please _(查询) on the computer.9,Please _() the lights brfore you _(leave).10,Hes flowen to Qingdao for suwwer hiliday,_ _?11,_ lovely day! Lets _(出去散步).12,My father _(出差) for two weeks .He _

42、 (return) in a week.13,During the entrance exam, there are _() parents _(wait) for their children outside the test center.14,Peter hardly had time for concerts ,_ _?15 Ill go to bed as soon as I _(finish )my homework.16,_ (越多)friends you have, _ (越快乐)you will feel.17,_ he is busy ,Li Hua always help

43、 others.Do you have a pet? Are you i_ in taking care of animals? Girls and boys who like animals may want to study to be animal doctors.They are often c_“vets ”. Many of them work in animal h_. Others may work on farms or at a z_. Some study animal diseases and try to find w_ to keep the animals fro

44、m getting i_. They do studies in m_ for animals.Vets listen to an animalss h_. They check its ears, eyes, mouth and blood. They o_ on animals when they need to. They may give the animals shots(注射) and tell the pets o_ what food is best.1._2._3._ 4._ 5._6._7._8._9. _ 10._Only mother love is true love

45、. It gives e_ everything all his life. When you are still a baby, mother takes good care of you as much as possible. In your waking hours she always holds you in her arms. When you are ill, she stops her work right now to look after you day and n_ and forgets about herself. When you are growing up d

46、ay by day, she feels very happy. When you are old e_ to go to school, mother still looks after you all the t_ . On cold winter days, she always tells you to p_ on more clothes. She always stands in the wind waiting for you back from school every day. When you hurry to leave home for school with litt

47、le b_ . She always feels worried about you at home. She u_ knows about you study and spend much money on your school things. When you do well at school , you will see the brightest s_ on her face. Mother can do everything for you day after day. Mother is always ready to give everything she has to he

48、r children, not to receive. What true love that is in the w_ ! We will r_ Mother Love for ever!1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5 _6_ 7_ 8_ 9_ 10 _When you go to England you may find the traffic there is different from ours. As a f_ (1) you must be c_ (2) in the streets, because the traffic d_ (3) on theleft. You must l

49、ook to the right and then the left before you cross a street. In the morning and in the evening when people go to or come back from work, the streets are very b_ (4). traffic is most d_ (5) then.When you go by bus in England, you have totake care, too. Always r_ (6) the traffic m _ (7) on the left.

50、You have to t_ (8) a look first or you will go to the w_ (9) way. In many English cities there are big buses with two f_ (10). You can sit on the second one. From there you can see the city very well.1. _ 2 _ 3 _ 4 _ 5 _6. _ 7 _ 8 _ 9 _ 10_七年级英语第四单元I.根据句意和首字母，完成单词。 1. That is a p_ of my family. He c

51、an see s_ books on the desk.2. I c_ see my CDs on it. Mike is b_ the door.3. -Where is your backpack? -Its u_ the bed. II.单项选择 1. -Wheres my soccer ball? -_ under the bed. A. It B. Is C. Its D. Its 2. -Who is Tina? - _ girl next to the table. A. A B. The C. An D. / 3. - _ behind _? My alarm clock. A

52、. Whats, the chair B. Wheres, the chair C. What are, the chair D. Where are, a chair 4. Where are _ pens? Are _ in the drawer? A. my; they B. /; they C. your; you D. his; them 5. They are my friends. I love _very much.A. them B. they C. the them D. he and she III. 连词成句1. is, your, where, game, compu

53、ter _? 2. they, under, the, are, bed _? 3. these, to, take, sister, your, please, things _. 4. the, is, the, baseball, under, chair _. 5. bring, can, here, you, some, things _? IV.选择正确的人称代词和物主代词并用其适当形式填空1 _ love _ English friends. (my, I) 2. _ is an English student. _name is David. (he, his) 3. That

54、 girl is Annas young sister. _ loves _ very much. (she, her) 4. Mr Zhang, _ math teacher, _love him. (we, our) 5. -What are those? -_ are _ books. (their, they) V. 单句改错，找出每句中的一处错误并改正 1. Where is your computer games? 2. There are a book and two pens on the desk. 3. I am need my ID card and my noteboo

55、k. 4. These are her pencils cases. 5. This is a picture on my family. VI. 从右栏中选出左栏各句的答语1. Are you Tom? A. Yes, she is. 2. Whats your name? B. Its her pencil case. 3. Whats that on the chair? C. No, Tom is my brother. 4. Is she your aunt?D. 605-7068. 5. Whats your phone number? E. My name is Ron. VII

56、. 句型转换 1. His baseball is under the table. (变为一般疑问句) _? 2. His dresser is next to his bed. （变为否定句） _. 3. My keys are on the sofa. （对划线部分提问） _? 4. Mike is behind the door. （对划线部分提问） _? 5. Can you bring your books here? （肯定回答） _. VIII. 完形填空Look, this is _1_ bedroom. It is _2_old house, but it is very

57、nice. There _3_ a clock and some pictures _4_ the wall. There is _5_ on the desk. His backpack is _6_ the chair. His coat is on the bed. Where is _7_ baseball? It is _8_ the door. Whats that? Oh, _9_ a cat!It _10_ a hat. 1. A. Jim B. Jims C. Jims D. Jims 2. A. a B. an C. the D. the 3. A. is B. am C.

58、 are D. be 4. A. at B. on C. in D. for 5. A. keys B. a set of keys C. a set of key D. keies 6. A. on B. in C. between D. out 7. A. a B. the C. an D. 8. A. behind B. in C. under D. between 9. A. Thats B. It C. Its D. Its 10. A. look like B. look C. looks like D. look after IX. 想想，画画，写写 同学们，你们有自己的书房（s

59、tudy）吗？ 请你把它画出来，并以My Study为题，向我们作一简单介绍。OK? 要求：图画简单、明了；作文语句流畅，无语法错误, 不少于6句话。 初二下总复习1-10单元复习题Unit 1复习题一 翻译下面的短语和句子.1 一百年以后_2 喜欢上 _3 去滑冰 _ 4 在周末 _ 5 能,会 _ 6 实现 _7 在未来 _ 8成百上千的 _9 尽力做 _ 10 使得某人做_ 11 醒来 _ 12 一次又一次 _13 太空站 _ 14 人们将会活到200岁._15 将会有更少的污染吗? 不,不会._ _16 五年前她踢足球._7 我不喜欢独自居住_.18 预测未来可能很困难._.19 有一

60、天人们将飞往月球度假._.20未来的学生将在家通过电脑学习._.二 用more, fewer, less, little, few填空.1 He has _ books than I have. 2 There is _ snow this year, and the earth is very dry. 3. He is very busy. He has _ free time.4 There is _ food left at home. Lets go and buy some.5 There are _ apples on the table. You can eat some.6