专题 19-语法填空之有提示词（解析版）--备考2023年高考英语零轮复习【学与练】（通用版）

1、专题19语法填空之有提示词解题技巧语法填空考点设置有如下特点:再思转化和用法词的派生形容词、副词先看给的是什么词语态一、有提示词类：设置67个小题高频考占7八、谓语动词12题。考查时态、语态及主谓一致，其中涉及语态方面的不超过1 题，答案最多三个单词。非谓语动词12题。考查不定式、动名词与分词，每种最多设1题。派生词13题。考查方式有动词派生为名词、名词派生为形容词或动词、 形容词派生为副词等。每种最多设1题。名词。1题。主要考查可数名词的复数，也可能会考查名词的所有格。形容词和副词 类。1题。主要考查形容词和副词词性的转换，以及其比拟级或最高 级。低频考点代词：。1题。一般给出人称代词的主格

2、，要求考生填其宾格、名词性或形容词性物 主代词、反身代词等。有提示词“一看二思”解题法（一）高频考点之一：提示词为动词1.考查谓语动词解题攻略假设句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动 词就是谓语动词；此时，应先考虑时态，考生可以根据句中的时间状语或语篇提示确定 时态，然后考虑语态，最后需考虑主谓一致和语气问题，来确定谓语动词的数。典例1While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life t

3、han walking, cycling or swimming.分析：分析句子结构可知，前半句是由while 引导的让步状语从句，后半句是主句，主句中 含有一个宾语从句，即it .or swimming作says 的宾语。又因此处是对客观情况的描述，应用 一般现在时，再根据主谓一致原那么可知，应填a 25 (long) of 174 km as a double-track passage line, with ten stations along its route. Enjoying 26 total investment of 31.17 billion yuan, the train

4、 will travel as fast as 300 km/h. 27 the trip between the two cities will only take 40 minutes.According to the plan, the high-speed railway will have two branch 28(line)一one isto Yanqing Station, the other is to Taizicheng of Chongli, where the Olympic village lies. The full railway. 29 (include) a

5、 70-kilometer section through Beijing,30(complete) in four and a half years.【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍为了成功举办北京冬季奥运会，国家在道路交通建设 方面做出的努力。.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：北京和张家口成功申办2022年冬奥会，这加快了张家口的 开展。分析句子结构可知，此处考查非限制性定语从句，先形词是主句所表述的事情，从句 缺少主语，故填which。.【答案】located【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：有消息称，位于中国北方的京张高铁正在建设中，预计将 于2020年完工，为2022年冬

6、奥会的主办城市做准备。分析句子结构可知，此处要填非谓语 动词，在句中作后置定语，根据括号内所给词locate及空格后介词in,可知此处涉及动词短 语be located in坐落于，此处省略be,用过去分词作后置定语，故填located。.【答案】under【解析】考查介词。句意：有消息称，位于中国北方的京张家口高铁正在建设中，预计将于 2020年完工，为2022年冬奥会的主办城市做准备。根据句意及空格后名词construction,可 知此处涉及介词短语under construction (在建造中)。故填under。.【答案】probably【解析】考查副词。句意：从北京北站出发，向西穿

7、过长城，该工程可能是有史以来最大的 挑战。根据空格前be动词is和空格后形容词最高级the biggest,可知此处要填副词作状语， 故填 probablyo.【答案】length【解析】考查名词。句意：这条铁路全长174公里，是一条双线通道，沿途有10个车站。 根据空格前冠词a及空格后介词of,可知此处要填名词，在句中作宾语。故填length。.【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。句意：京张高铁总投资311.7亿元，最高运行速度为300公里/小时，往 返两座城市仅需40分钟。根据空格后以辅音音素开头的形容词total和可数名词单数 investment,可知此处要填不定冠词a泛指“一笔总价.的投资:

8、 故填a。.【答案】so/and【解析】考查连词。句意：京张高铁总投资311.7亿元，最高运行速度为300公里/小时，往 返两座城市仅需40分钟。分析句子结构可知，此处前后都是句子，所以此处要填连词；根 据句意可知，前后句有因果或顺承关系。故填so/and。.【答案】lines【解析】考查名词。句意：根据计划，这条高铁将有两条支线，一条到延庆站，另一条到崇 礼的太子城，这是奥运村所在地。根据空格前数词two,可知此处要填名词复数，构成名词 短语 branch lines (支线)。故填 lines。.【答案】including【解析】考查介词。句意：这条全长70公里的铁路将在四年半内完工，其中

9、包括一段穿过 北京的铁路。根据句意，此处需用表示“包括”的介词与后面的名词短语构成介宾短语。故填 including o.【答案】will be completed【解析】考查时态语态。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，此处要填谓语动词；根据句子时间 状语in four and a half years(四年半内)可知，句子要用一般将来时；所填词complete与 句子主语“The full railway”之间是被动关系。所以此处要填一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be completed oTEXT 04 (2022.河南新乡.二模)The first creature 31 (orbit)

10、 our planet was just 2 years old. Her name was Laika.She was a good dog. Her 1957 flight paved the way for space 32 (explore) when scientists wondered 33 it was lethal (致命的)for living things.Humans are explorers since the dawn of civilization. We 34 (attract) over the horizon to find food or more sp

11、ace, or just to see what beyond those trees or mountains or oceans. Our ability to explore reached new heights. Aiiplanes shortened distances, simplified travel and showed us Earth from 35 new aspect. By the middle of the last century, we aimed even 36 (high).Our first steps into space began. Laika

12、37 (follow) into orbit four years later by the first human,Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin. Space travel is nothing like in the movies. Getting from A to B requires complex calculations 38(involve) inertia Cf贯性)and gravity. Space is alsodangerous. More than 20 astronauts have died while doing their jobs.T

13、hat hasnt stopped people from signing up and blasting off. NASAs Apollo program had ended 39 private companies are readying their own space programs. A company 40(name) SpaceX is hoping to land civilian astronauts on Mars. Maybeyoull be a member of them. Dont forget to bring your dog.【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主

14、要介绍了人类探索太空的历史。.【答案】t。orbit【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个绕地球运行的生物才两岁。动词的修饰名词或代词 前面有序数词、形容词最高级时，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填t。orbit。.【答案】exploration【解析】考查名词。句意：1957年，她的飞行为太空探索铺平了道路，当时科学家们想知 道它对生物是否致命。分析句子结构，根据空格前space可知，此处要填名词，构成固定短 语 space exploration(太空探索)。故填 exploration o.【答案】whether【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：1957年，她的飞行为太空探索铺平了道路，当时科学家

15、 们想知道它对生物是否致命。分析句子结构可知，此处宾语句，从句不缺主宾表状等成分; 根据句意可知，此处意指“它对生物是否致命“，应用whether引导。故填whether。.【答案】have been attracted【解析】考查动词语态。句意：我们被地平线所吸引，去寻找食物或更大的空间，或者只是 去看看那些树、山或海洋之外的东西。根据前句since the dawn of civilization可知，该段主 要讲述自从人类文明以来，人类就渴望探索太空，所以用现在完成时；同时 句子主语we 和所填词attract之间是被动的关系。故填have been attracted。.【答案】a【解

16、析】考查冠词。句意：飞机缩短了距离，简化了旅行，并从一个新的角度向我们展示了 地球。根据句意，此处泛指“一个全新的角度”，应用不定冠词，new是以辅音音素开头的词， 应用a。故填ao.【答案】higher【解析】考查形容词比拟级。句意：到上个世纪中叶，我们的目标更高了。根据空格前副词 even可知，空格处要填比拟级。故填higher。.【答案】was followed【解析】考查动词语态。句意：莱卡进入太空四年后，第一个人类尤里阿列克谢耶维奇加 加林(Yuri Alekseyevich Gagarin)也被送入轨道。分析句子结构可知，此处要填谓语动词；根 据文意，此处要用一般过去时；句子主语L

17、aika与所填动词follow之间是被动关系，所以用 一般过去时的被动语态。故填was followed。.【答案】involving【解析 1考查非谓语动词。句意：从A点到B点需要复杂的计算，包括惯性和重力。分析 句子结构可知，此处要填非谓语动词，在句中作状语；根据句意，所填词involve与前面的 名词calculation之间是主动关系，此处应该用现在分词。故填involving。.【答案】but【解析】考查连词。句意：美国宇航局的阿波罗计划已经结束，但是私人公司正在为他们自 己的太空计划做准备。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填连词；根据句意，空格前后句有转折 关系。故填but。.【答案】n

18、amed【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一家名为SpaceX的公司希望将平民宇航员送上火星。分 析句子结构可知，空格处要填非谓语动词，在句中作定语，修饰前面的名词SpaceX；所填 词name与该名词之间是被动的关系，应用过去分词，意为“被称作。故填named。TEXT 05 (2022.河南.鹤壁高中高三阶段练习)Im not Chinese, but I love Chinese New Year. There are many fun New Year 41 (celebrate), but nothing quite matches the excitement of the lion

19、dance which can wake up the spirit 42 (complete).The sound of the drums, 43 you can feel throughout your entire body, is quite inspiring. The two performers are very flexible. But it is actually very difficult as the lion head is very heavy and being the 44 (low)part of the lion is tiring as he has

20、to bend his back and also carry 45 person in front sometimes. The lion head is made with paper over a bamboo frame, 46 (cover)in gauze (纱布)，and decorated with beautifully-colored materials.The lion dance 47 (believe)to have first appeared in the Qianlong Emperofs dream during his Southern tour, and

21、he ordered an animal 48 (make)in the likeness of his description and used in festivals from then on.I love all about the lion dance. The other day, I saw a film about a left-behind teenager who insisted on pursuing his dreams despite difficulties and 49 (succeed)in lion dance. As Master Xu translate

22、s: Heaven has made us talents; were not made 50 vain.”【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己喜欢的舞狮活动。.【答案】celebrations【解析】考查名词。句意：有很多有趣的新年庆祝活动，但没有什么能比得上舞狮的兴奋， 它能完全唤醒人们的精神。根据形容词fun可知，设空处需填入名词，celebrate的名词为 celebration,由many可知，需填入复数形式。故填celebrations。.【答案】completely【解析】考查副词。句意：有很多有趣的新年庆祝活动，但没有什么能比得上舞狮的兴奋， 它能完全唤醒人们的精神。分析句子

23、可知，设空处修饰从句的谓语can wake up,需用副词 形式。故填completely。.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句。句意：鼓的声音，你整个身体都可以感受得到，是非常振奋人心的。 分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The sound of the drums,指物， 在从句中作宾语，因而用which引导。故填which。.【答案】lower【解析】考查形容词。句意：但事实上这很难，因为狮子的头很重，而且作为狮子的下半身 会很累，因为他不得不弯腰，有时还要把前面的人扛起来。根据前文“The two performers are very flexible.(两名

24、表演者非常灵活)”可知舞狮需要两个人，结合“he has to bend his back”可知, 这是扮演狮子下半身的人，名词part前需填入形容词作定语，lower指“下面的；下方的工 故填lowero.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。句意：但事实上这很难，因为狮子的头很重，而且作为狮子的下半身会 很累，因为他不得不弯腰，有时还要把前面的人扛起来。根据The two performers are very flexible.（两名表演者非常灵活）”可知，舞狮需要两个人,in front说明此处特指前面的那个人， 因而用定冠词the。故填the。.【答案】covered【解析】考查非谓语动词

25、。句意：狮子头是用纸在竹框上做成的，上面覆盖着纱布，并用色 彩艳丽的材料装饰。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入非谓语动词，动词cover与逻辑主语 The lion head之间是动宾关系，因而用过去分词，表示被动。故填covered。.【答案】is believed【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：据说，舞狮最早出现在乾隆皇帝南巡时的梦境中，他下令 按照自己的描述制作一种动物，并从那时起用于节日中。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少句 子的谓语，动词believe与主语The lion dance之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态be done,由 上下文时态可知，本句应用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数。故填

26、is believed。.【答案】to be made【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，舞狮最早出现在乾隆皇帝南巡时的梦境中，他下令 按照自己的描述制作一种动物，并从那时起用于节日中。固定搭配order sth to be done表示 “下令/要求某事被做。故填t。be made。.【答案】succeeded【解析】考查时态。句意：前儿天，我看了一部关于一个留守少年的电影，他不顾困难坚持 追求自己的梦想，并在舞狮中取得成功。分析句子结构可知，设空处与insisted on并列作从 句的谓语，应用一般过去时。故填succeeded。.【答案】in【解析】考查介词。句意：正如许大师所翻译的：“

27、天生我材必有用。“固定短语in vain表 示“无意义的；无价值的”，设空处缺少介词in。故填in。TEXT 06 （2022.四川宜宾二模）Inspired by Chinese jade ornaments （玉制品），the medals of the Beijing 2022 Olympic Winter Games were announced 31 （official） on Oct. 26, 2021, 100 days ahead of the opening of the sporting event. After months of expectation and secr

28、ecy, the organizing committee of the Beijing 2022 Games introduced the medals 一 named tong xin. 32 means togetherness 一 during a ceremony 33 （mark） the countdown to the opening of the event on February 4th.The medals shave carvings of the Olympic rings 34 one side and are carved with the words “XXIV

29、 Olympic Winter Games Beijing 2022”. The concentric rings around the center represent the pursuit of unity 35 harmony, while echoing the Olympic values of solidarity, inclusiveness and promoting peace. The other side of the medals has the Beijing 2022 emblem (徽章)at the center.Engravings (版画)of cloud

30、 patterns, an element 36 (use) on the torch of the 2008 Beijing Summer Olympics, snowflakes and ice markings fill the outer rings. The outer rings 37 (decorate) with 24 stars strung together by circles, representing the 24th edition of the Winter Olympics. Visually, it looks quite simple and plain a

31、t first glance, while 38 (detail) such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven casting on the surface have made it special.Designers939 (inspire) from jade for a second time honors the Chinese capitafsunique status the first city 40(host) both the Summer and Winter Olym

32、pics.【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 2022年冬奥会的官方奖牌设计细节。.【答案】officially【解析】考查副词。句意：受中国玉器的启发，北京2022届冬奥会奖牌于2021年10月26 日正式宣布，离体育赛事开幕前还有100天。副词。fficially作状语，修饰动词announce。 故填 officially。.【答案】which【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：经过数月的期待和保密，北京2022年奥运会组委会 在2月4日的开幕倒计时仪式上推出了这些奖牌，名为同心，意思是团结。此处是非限制性 定语从句 2 means togetherness,先行词是第指物，在从句中作

33、主语，用关 系代词which。that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。.【答案】marking【解析】考查现在分词。主句已有谓语introduced且无连词，动词mark用非谓语动词形式， 逻辑主语a ceremony与动词mark是主谓关系，用现在分词(doing)表主动，作aceremony 的后置定语。故填marking。.【答案】。n【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：奖牌的一面刻着奥林匹克五环，上面刻着“2022年北京冬奥 会”字样。固定搭配on one side (一边、在一边、一面)。故填on。.【答案】and【解析】考查连词。句意：围绕中心的同心环代表着对团结与和谐的追求，同

34、时呼应了团结、 包容和促进和平的奥林匹克价值观。名词unity和名词harmony是并列关系，用并列连词and。 故填ando.【答案】used【解析】考查过去分词。句意：2008年北京夏季奥运会火炬上使用的云纹元素的雕刻，雪 花和冰纹填满了外圈。本句已有谓语fill且无连词，动词use用非谓语动词形式，逻辑主语 an element与动词use是动宾关系，用过去分词表被动，作an element的后置定语。故填used。 37.【答案】are decorated【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：外圈由24颗星星组成，用圆圈串在一起，代表第24届冬 奥会。此处缺少谓语，讲述客观事实，主语The o

35、uter rings和谓语动词decorate是被动关系， 用一般现在时的被动语态，主语The outer rings是复数，谓语用复数形式。故填are decoratedo 38.【答案】details【解析】考查名词的数。句意：乍一看，它在视觉上看起来非常简单朴素，而云纹雕刻和雪 花图案的雕刻以及外表不均匀的铸造等细节使它显得特别。detail是可数名词，结合下文such as the carving of clouds and snowflake patterns as well as the uneven casting on the surface 可知， 不止一个细节，用名词复数形

36、式作主语。故填details。.【答案】inspiration【解析】考查名词。句意：设计师们第二次从玉制品身上汲取灵感，以表彰中国首都的独特 地位第一个举办夏季和冬季奥运会的城市。由名词所有格Designers，可知，此处用抽象 名词 inspiration 作主语。故填 inspirationo.【答案】to host【解析】考查动词不定式。the +序数词+ (名词)+to do sth.(第几个做某事的人/物)，host 使用动词不定式作名词city的后置定语。故填to host。TEXT 07 (2022河南濮阳一模)A grand bridge over the Yangtze R

37、iver serving cars and trains began operations on Wednesday in Nantong, Jiangsu province, and is expected to 41 (great) promote the integration (整合)and the economy of one of Chinas most developed regions-the Yangtze River Delta.It took six years and four months 42 (build) the bridge between Nantong a

38、nd Zhangjiagang. Many new technologies 43 (use) then, including cables (电缆)with the highest tensile (拉力的)strength in the world and44 advanced anti-collision system.“The anti-collision system can warn the river traffic authority within 3 kilometers if a ship appears likely to strike the bridge. an en

39、gineer said. Each of the bridges 432 cables can hold up to 1, 000 metric tons, roughly the 45 (weigh) of more than 600 cars.As the second dual-use bridge in Jiangsu, 46 (follow) the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge, the newly opened structure will help to ease traffic jam, 47 currently occurs on two nei

40、ghboring Yangtze River bridges in Nantong and Wuxi cities. Travel time between Nantong and Wuxi by highway will be cut in half to 40 minutes.The upper half of the bridge, a highway of six lanes, 48 (have) a speed limit of 100kilometers per hour. The49(low) half of the bridge has four lanes for train

41、s. With whatis designed to be 200 km/h, the new railway lane will cut travel time between Nantong and Shanghai from 3. 5 hours50just over an hour.【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国沪苏通长江公路铁路两用大桥的基本情况。 41.考查副词。句意：周三，江苏省南通市一座可通汽车和火车的长江大桥通车，预计将极 大地促进中国最兴旺的地区之一长江三角洲地区的一体化和经济开展。此处用副词 greatly作状语，修饰动词promote。故填greatly。

42、.考查不定式。句意：南通张家港大桥的修建历时6年4个月。此处考查“It took some time to do sth/意为“花费一段时间做某事”，It为形式主语，真正的主语为不定式，因此空格处 是 to build,故填 to buildo.考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：当时使用了许多新技术，包括世界上抗拉强度最高 的电缆和先进的防撞系统。根据时间状语then可知，该动作发生在过去，时态用一般过去 时，又因为主语“Many new technologies”与动词use是被动关系，故此处用所给动词的一般 过去时的被动语态，主语technologies是复数，因此空格处是were used

43、,故填were used。.考查冠词。此处是泛指，故用不定冠词，advanced是以元音音素开头的，故用不定冠词 ano故填an。.考查名词。句意:这座桥有432根钢缆，每根钢缆可以承重1000吨，大约相当于600 多辆汽车的重量。根据名词所有格the (weigh) of more than 600 cars可知，此处 用名词weight,是不可数名词,意为“重量”,故填weight。.考查现在分词。句意：作为江苏省继南京长江大桥之后的第二座两用桥梁，新开放的结 构将有助于缓解目前南通和无锡市两座相邻的长江大桥上出现的交通拥堵。分析句子成分可 知,bridge和follow之间存在逻辑上的主

44、谓关系，故此处用所给动词的现在分词做后置定语， 表示主动。故填following。.考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该空引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少 主语，先行词traffic jam”是物，故此处用关系代词which。故填which。.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：大桥上半局部是6车道高速公路，限速为每小时100公里。 此处陈述的是一般事实，故用一般现在时，又因为主语是“The upper half of the bridge”是单 数，故此处用所给动词的第三人称单数形式has。故填has。.考查比拟级。句意：桥的下半局部有四条火车车道。由前面的“The upper half of

45、the bridge 可知，此处指“较低的桥的一半局部“，故用所给形容词的比拟级，即lower,意为“较低的”， 故填lowero.考查介词。句意：这条新线的设计时速为200公里，南通至上海的旅行时间将从3.5小 时缩短至1小时多一点。“from.to.“意为“从到”，为固定搭配，因此空格处是 介词to,故填tOoTEXT 08 (2022.陕西商洛,一模)With a world reputation of beautiful silk producing nation, Chinese clothing enjoys a time-honored culture. China was th

46、e first country in the world 51 (develop) silk weaving (编织).According to archaeologists, Chinese people 52 (start) weaving since Neolithic ages. 3,000 years ago, silk weaving was already significantly developed.In ancient China, peoples rank and social status could easily be figured out from their d

47、aily dressing, especially for the ordinary people and the upper class. Among the upper class, only the Emperor 53 (assign) the colour yellow. As for the ministers, generals and their 54 (wife), their uniforms were also restrictively regulated.Chinese clothing has many types and suits according to 55

48、 (variety) occasions. We have traditional Zhongshan suit, Cheongsam (力箕袍)and many other suits 56 (create) by ethnic minorities (少数民族).Each type of the clothes has a unique way of making and sewing.Cheongsam is popular because it has simple lines and looks elegant, 57 it fits Chinese females9 figures

49、 well. It is suitable 58 both young and elderly group. And it can either belong or short. Cheongsam is recognized around the world, 59 has inspired many foreign adaptations. It is 60 (popular) worn in China as the wedding dress, traditionally in red.【答案】51 to develop 52. have started 53 . was assign

50、ed 54. wives 55. various. created57. and58. for 59. which60. popularly【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国的特色服装。.考查不定式。句意：中国是世界上最早开展丝织的国家。“the first+名词”后用不定式作 后置定语，因此空格处是不定式to develop,故填to developo.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：根据考古学家的说法，中国人从新石器时代就开始编织了。 由“since Neolithic ages”可知，句子时态用现在完成时,主语people是复数，助动词使用have, 因此空格处是have started

51、,故填have startedo.考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在上层社会，只有皇帝才被指定使用黄色。根据语 境可知，只有皇帝才被指定使用黄色，句子用被动语态，且句子描述过去的事情，因此时态 用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，即was/were done,主语Emperor是 第三人称单数，系动词用was,因此空格处是was assignedo故填was assignedo.考查名词的复数。句意：至于大臣，将军和他们的夫人，他们的制服也被严格规定。and 表并列，由前面的“the ministers, generals”是复数形式可知，空格处用复数wives,故填wiveso

52、55.考查形容词。句意：中国服装根据不同的场合有多种类型和套装。空格处用形容词作定 语，修饰名词occasions, variety的形容词是various,意为“各种各样的“，故填variouso.考查非谓语动词。句意：我们有传统的中山装、旗袍等少数民族创造的服装。分析句子 结构可知，句中谓语是have,空格处用非谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词created 表被动作后置定语，故填created。.考查连词。句意：旗袍很受欢迎，因为它线条简单，看起来优雅，而且很适合中国女性 的身材。“it has simple lines and looks elegant和it fits Chin

53、ese females9 figures well”是并列关 系，因此空格处用and连接，故填and。.考查介词和固定短语。句意：它适合年轻人和老年人使用。be suitable for是固定短语, 意为“适合”，因此空格处是介词for,故填for。.考查定语从句。句意：旗袍在世界范围内被认可，这激发了许多外国的改版。分析句子 结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句，因此空 格处用关系代词which,故填whicho.考查副词。句意：在中国，它被普遍用作结婚礼服，传统上是红色的。空格处用副词 popularly 修饰动词 worn, popularly 意为普

54、遍地，故填 popularlyoiso典例2Diets have changed in China - and so too has its top crop. Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.分析：分析句子成分可知，空格所在的句子中 缺少谓语动词。根据时间状语Since 2011可知, 谓语动词需用现在完成时，根据句意可知应用 主动语态，再根据主谓一致原那么可知填has grown。典例3The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 一 when t

55、he government(start) a soil-testingprogram that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.分析：分析句子结构可矢口，when the government (start) a soil-testing program 为关系副词 when引导的定语从句，先行词为2005。通过 分析定语从句可知从句中缺少谓语动词，再根 据时间状语between 2005可知应填一般过去 时，根

56、据句意可知需用主动语态，故填started。2.考查非谓语动词解题攻略假设句中已有谓语动词，空处又不在句中作并列谓语时，所要填的通常是非谓语动词，此 时需进一步确定是非谓语动词的哪种形式。一般来说，作主语、宾语、表语、定语通常 用动名词形式；此外，doing表示主动、正在进行；done表示被动、完成；t。do表示尚 未发生的动作。典例4You dont have to run fast or for long(see) the benefit. You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of(die) earl

57、y by running.分析:第一句中已有谓语动词don*t have to run, 故空格处应为非谓语动词。根据句意可知应填 不定式to see,作目的状语。第二句中已有谓 语动词reduce,故空格处应为非谓语动词。又 因空格前有介词of,结合句意可知,应填dying, 作介词of的宾语。典例5Another reason for coms rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice(improve) waterquality.分析：句中已有谓语动词encourages,故空格 处应为非谓语动

58、词。根据句意可知应填不定式 to improve,作目的状语。典例6Chinas approach to protecting its environment while(feed) its citizens“offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policy makers worldwide, says the banks Juergen Vbegele.分析：分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语动词 offers,再根据空格前有附属连词while可知， “while (feed) its citizens”为口寸间状语从句 的省略结构，所填

59、的词与其逻辑主语China之 间为主动关系，故应填现在分词feeding。典例7But my connection with pandas goes back分析：when引导的从句中已经有谓语动词to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter(permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild.was,且从句中无其他连词，故空处应填非谓 语动词。reporte

60、r与permit之间是被动关系， 故用过去分词表被动。过去分词短语permitted to作后置定语，修饰reportero故填permittedo3.考查派生词解题攻略有时所给提示词虽然是动词，但是空格处既不是考查谓语动词也不是考查非谓语动词， 而是要求填所给词的派生词。此时要结合空格处前后的修饰词来确定所给提示词应派生 为哪种词性。一般考查动词派生为名词，有时还需考虑动词变为形容词甚至副词。典例8This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the countrys major lakes and reservoirs and made drinkin