CDM项目周期,小型CDM项目-Folie1

1、 The most important CDM web site CDM网站The elements of the CDM Project Cycle (DOE,EB,DNA.)CDM工程周期元素组成 Submitted methodologies已提交方法学CDM Project Cycle (including Small Scale CDM)CDM工程周期（包括小规模CDMJrgen FenhannBiomass CDM Workshop CDM工作组Beijing 12-15 November 2007 北京 11月12-15日 What is small scale CDM?何谓小规

2、模CDM工程？Registration of CDM projects CDM工程注册 Letter of Approval (LoA) and Unilateral CDM 批准函及单边CDM工程 CO2, CH4, and N2O emission factors CO2、CH4及N2O排放因子 Net calorific values for fuels 燃料净热值Official homepage: 官方网站http:/34The Designated national Authorities (DOEs)指定政府主管机构（DNA）544% of all CDM projects ar

3、e small-scale小规模CDM工程占所有CDM工程的44% Why is small-scale easier?为何小规模工程相对容易通过审核？ Standardized simplified baselines are provided so no new methodologies needs to be approved by the EB.已有标准化的、简化的基准线，故EB无需开发新的方法学 Monitoring methodologies are simplified with a less frequent and reduced monitoring plan.简化的监测

4、方法学减少了监测活动次数 The additionality assessment requires only a barrier assessment. 额外性评估仅需障碍性评估 Calculation of leakage is only required for biomass projects and where new equipment and existing equipment at to places are exchanged.只有生物质能工程及新旧设备交替处需进行泄漏计算 The same DOE may undertake validation and verifica

5、tion审定及核查可由同一DOE完成 Bundling is allowed可以小工程打捆Why is small-scale easier?为何小规模工程相对容易通过审核？Small-scale projects are not always small小规模工程并不“小An efficient refrigerator saves 200 kWh/year. To be below 60 GWh of savings there is room for 300.000 refrigerators. 一台高效的电冰箱每年可节省200度电。为满足节约6千万度电的（小规模工程）的要求，则可涉及3

6、0万台冰箱。A Solar home system often use a 50W solar PV. To be below the 15 MW there is room for 300.000 solar PVs一个家用太阳能光伏系统通常 50瓦的容量。若满足1.5万千瓦，则可涉及30万个太阳能光伏系统Special rules for small scale afforestation/reforestation小规模造林/再造林工程特殊规定A/R small scale methodologies ( 8 ktCO2) expected to be approved at COP/M

7、OP1小规模造林/再造林工程方法学( 8 ktCO2) 在COP/MOP1会议上被批准 Each host country has to define what a forest is各东道国需对森林作出定义 A small-scale A/R project must be developed and implemented by a low-income community小规模造林/再造林工程必须由低收入团体开发实施Bundling was in the beginning only allowed for small-scale CDM projects. Now also for l

8、arge scale projects.在初期仅允许小规模CDM工程打捆目前也允许大规模工程打捆Bundled projects activities have the following benefits:工程活动打捆有如下益处： Can be covered by one PDD仅需提交一份统一的PDD Only one overall monitoring plan仅需一份统一的监测方案 One combined emission reduction calculation一份整合的减排计算 Combined environmental impact一份整合的环境影响评价 Combine

9、d stakeholder comments一份整合的相关利益方意见 One validation一次审定 One registration一次注册 One certification一次认证Rule for small scale bundles:小规模捆绑规则：The size of of each type in a bundle should not exceed the limits for small scale projects (15, or 60).打捆中各工程不得超过小规模工程的规模(15, or 60)Bundling was in the beginning only

10、allowed for small-scale CDM projects. Now also for large scale projects.在初期仅允许小规模CDM工程打捆目前也允许大规模工程打捆Debundling is not allowed不允许拆散工程A small-scale project activity that is part of a larger project activity is not eligible.若属于大型工程活动中的一局部，则该小规模工程不符合小规模CDM工程的开发条件A small-scale project activity is debundl

11、ed if there is a registered (or application to be registered) small-scale CDM project activity:具有以下特征的工程被界定为拆散的小规模工程 With the same project participants具有相同工程参与者 In the same project category and technology/measure具有相同的工程种类和技术/措施 Registered within the previous 2 years; and2年内注册的 Whose project boundary

12、 is within 1 km of the project boundary of the proposed small-scale activity at the closest point.其边界距提交的小规模工程边界最近距离小于1kmRegistration of CDM projectsCDM工程注册The CDM registry is able to forward CERs to national registries. It contains public information on all CDM projects: issuance, holdings, transfe

13、r and acquisition of CERs. CDM注册机构可将CERs转入国家账户。包括所有CDM工程公众信息：CERs的签发、所有、过户及获得。The International Transfer Log (ITL) will be final before the end of 2007. 国际交易平台将在2007年底建成。The share of proceeds (SOP) to cover administrative expenses will be 0.10$/CER for the first 15,000 tonnes of CO2, and 0.20$/CER f

14、or the rest. 收益分成(SOP)的行政收费为头15000吨CO2是0.1美元/CER，其后为0.20$/CER 。Elements in DNA approval letterDNA批准函所包含要素The minimum requirement:根本要求：1. The country has ratified the Kyoto Protocol.1. 该国批准了京都议定书2. Approval of the voluntary participation and authorisation of specific entities participating in the CDM

15、 projects.2. 自愿参与CDM工程的批复及参与CDM工程实体的经营资格3. Only for Host Party: Contribution to Sustainable Development.3. 仅对CDM东道国：对可持续开展的奉献One letter can cover more than one project.一份批准函可包含多个工程How long time can a project be unilateral单边工程可维持单边状态的时间The Executive Board has agreed that the registration of a project

16、 activity can take place without an Annex I Party being involved at the stage of registration.执行理事会允许工程注册时没有附件一国家的参与Before an Annex I Party acquires CERs from such a project activity from an account within the CDM registry, it shall submit a letter of approval to the Board in order for the CDM Regis

17、try administrator to be able to forward CERs from the CDM registry to the Annex I national registry.附件一国家从这类工程注册的账户中获得CERs之前，须向理事会提交批准函换取CDM注册证明以能够向附件一国家转让CERs。55% of all CDM projects are unilateral.所有CDM工程的55%为单边工程You can now see unilateral projects that have got CERs issued. Why is that possible?目前可以看到单边工程已拿到签发的CERs。为何有这种可能性？Default IPCC emission factors IPCC所列排放因子Source: IPCC 1996 Revised Guidelines for National Greenhouse gas Inventories; vol 3. :Default IPCC emission factors IPCC所列排放因子Source: IPCC 1996 Revised Guideli